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Recent advances in regulatory T cells induced by B cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第5期15卷 539-541页

作者： chien-Hui chien Bor-Luen Chiang Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine National Taiwan UniversityTaipei City 10048TaiwanChina Department of Medicinal Research National Taiwan University HospitalTaipei City 10002TaiwanChina

Naïve CD4+CD25−T cells activated in the presence of naïve splenic B cells may differentiate into CD4+CD25+Foxp3−regulatory T cells,which were named Treg-of-B cells by our group(Table 1).In addition,the oral delivery of antigenactivated naive Peyer’s patch B cells induced Treg-of-B(P)cells with an increased suppressive function.3 Our recent article reported that peritoneal B-1a cells produced more IL-10;moreover,B-1a cells promoted the induction of Treg-of-B1a cells in an IL-10-independent manner.1 In our studies,splenic B2-cell-induced Treg-of-B cells,Peyer’s patch B-cell-induced Treg-of-B(P)and peritoneal B-1a-cell-induced Treg-of-B1a cells shared similar phenotypes and *** group subsequently reported that adoptive transfer these Treg-of-B cells protected mice from several disease models,including allergic asthma,rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel ***,we summarize the suppression and induction mechanism of Treg-of-B cells(Figure 1).

关键词： Foxp3 peritoneal patch

A Finite Difference Scheme for Blow-Up Solutions of Nonlinear Wave Equations

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2010年第4期3卷 475-498页

作者： chien-Hong Cho Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8502Japan Department of Mathematics National Chung Cheng UniversityMin-HsiungChia-Yi 621Taiwan

We consider a finite difference scheme for a nonlinear wave equation, whose solutions may lose their smoothness in finite time, i.e., blow up in finite time. In order to numerically reproduce blow-up solutions, we propose a rule for a time-stepping,which is a variant of what was successfully used in the case of nonlinear parabolic equations. A numerical blow-up time is defined and is proved to converge, under a certain hypothesis, to the real blow-up time as the grid size tends to zero.

关键词： Finite difference method nonlinear wave equation blow-up

Role of Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第2期7卷 183-190页

作者： chien Pong Chen Department of Radiation Oncology Scripps MD Anderson Cancer CenterSan DiegoCAUSA

The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has evolved over the past few decades with the advancement of technology and improved *** can offer high local control rates in unresectable HCC,including cases with major vascular involvement,and can provide a modality to help bridge patients to potentially curative resection or *** metastatic cases,radiotherapy can provide good *** review focuses on the common radiotherapy treatment modalities used for HCC,provides outcome comparisons of these radiotherapy techniques to outcomes with other treatment modalities for HCC,and highlights the discrepancy of the role of radiotherapy in HCC amongst the current available treatment guidelines.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer radiotherapy Radiation Stereotactic body radiotherapy

SECOND ORDER APPROXIMATION SOLUTION OF NONLINEAR LARGE DEFleCTION PROBleMS OF YONGJIANG RAILWAY BRIDGE IN NINGBO

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2002年第5期23卷 493-506页

作者： chien Wei-zang(钱伟长) Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 P R China

The solution and computational aspects on nonlinear deflection of Yongjiang Railway Bridge in Ningbo were investigated. An approximate iteration algorithm on nonlinear governing equation was presented, and the obtained results show that, if altitude difference and span of the riverbanks are taken as 5 meters and 100 meters, respectively, the maximum gradient in the middle of the bridge exceeds 5%, much larger than maximum allowance gradient in railway design code. Therefore, a new solution scheme for decreasing gradient of the bridge is put forward, that is, the altitude difference between two riverbanks can be decreased to about 1/10 of the initial magnitude by building roadbeds with 0.5% gradient and 1 kilometer length at two riverbanks. As a direct result, the deflection gradient of the railway bridge is much reduced and the value is between 0.5% similar to 0.6%.

关键词： large deflection elastic modulus cantilever beam

Analysis of Two-sample Censored Data Using a Semiparametric Mixture Model

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2009年第3期25卷 389-398页

作者： Gang Li chien-tai Lin Department of Biostatistics University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 U.S.A. Department of Mathematics Tamkang University Tamsui 251 Taiwan

In this article we study a semiparametric mixture model for the two-sample problem with right censored data. The model implies that the densities for the continuous outcomes are related by a parametric tilt but otherwise unspecified. It provides a useful alternative to the Cox （1972） proportional hazards model for the comparison of treatments based on right censored survival data. We propose an iterative algorithm for the semiparametric maximum likelihood estimates of the parametric and nonparametric components of the model. The performance of the proposed method is studied using simulation. We illustrate our method in an application to melanoma.

关键词： Biased sampling EM algorithm maximum likelihood estimation mixture model semiparametric model

Induction of HLA-G expression in a melanoma cell line OCM-1A following the treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine

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Cell Research 2005年第7期15卷 523-531页

作者： chien Chung CHANG,Soldano FERRONE Department of Immunology Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo.NY 14263 USA Department of Immunology Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo.NY 14263 USA

The non-classical HLA class I antigen HLA-G is an immune modulator which inhibits the functions of T cells, NK cells, and the Dendritic cells (DC). As a result, HLA-G expression in malignant cells may provide them with a mechanism to escape the immune surveillance. In melanoma, HLA-G antigen expression has been found in 30% of surgically removed lesions but in less than 1% of established cell lines. One possible mechanism underlying the differential HLA-G expression in vivo and in vitro is that the HLA-G gene is epigenetically repressed in melanoma cells in vitro. To test this hypothesis, we treated the HLA-G negative melanoma cell line OCM-1A with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoXycytidine (5-AC) and analyzed whether HLA-G expression can be restored. Our data strongly suggest that HLA-G is silenced as a result of CpG hypermethylation within a 5' regulatory region encompassing 220 bp upstream of the start codon. After treatment, HLA-G mRNA expression was dramatically increased. Western blot and flow cytometry showed that HLA-G protein was induced. Interestingly, HLA-G cell surface expression on the 5-AC treated OCM-1 A cells is much less than that on the HLA-G positive JEG-3 cells while a similar amount of total HLA-G was observed. Possible mechanisms for the difference were analyzed in the study such as cell cold-treatment, peptide loading and antigen processing machinery components (APM) as well as β2 microglobulin (β2-m) expression. Data revealed that the APM component calreticulin might be involved in the lower HLA-G surface expression on OCM-1 A cells. Taken together, our results indicated that DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism by which HLA-G antigen expression is modulated in melanoma cells in vitro. Furthermore, to the first time, we hypothesized that the deficiency of calreticulin might be involved in the low HLA-G surface expression on the 5-AC treated OCM-1 A cells.

关键词： HLA-G methylation 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine APM.

Microenvironment and cell mechanics

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BIOCELL 2022年第7期46卷 1629-1632页

作者： VAN-chien BUI Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine University Medicine Greifswald17475GreifswaldGermany

Microenvironment contains biophysical and biochemical elements to maintain survival,growth,proliferation,and differentiation of *** change can lead to cell response to the mechanical forces,which can be described by *** is an indicator of a cell’s state since it plays an important role in many cellular *** many cases,cell elasticity is measured by using discontinuous manner,which may not allow elucidating real-time activity of individual live cells in physiological condition or cell response against microenvironmental changes.I argue that measuring cell elasticity using continuously repetitive nanoindentation technique is important that should be *** an example,I discuss mechanics of human embryonic kidney(HEK)cells in various *** resting cells,there is an activity of the cytoskeleton whose oscillation amplitude is strongly affected by the intracellular calcium,and the collective activity of myosin motor proteins induces elasticity *** results also reveal that actin cytoskeleton and cell membrane determine cell mechanics.

关键词： Microenvironment Cell mechanics Nanoindentation

Development of seismic fragility curves for low-rise masonry infilled reinforced concrete buildings by a coefficient-based method

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2013年第2期12卷 319-332页

作者： Ray Kai leung Su chien-Liang lee Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong

This study presents a seismic fragility analysis and ultimate spectral displacement assessment of regular low-rise masonry infilled （MI） reinforced concrete （RC） buildings using a coefficient-based method. The coefficient-based method does not require a complicated finite element analysis; instead, it is a simplifed procedure for assessing the spectral acceleration and displacement of buildings subjected to earthquakes. A regression analysis was first performed to obtain the best-fitting equations for the inter-story drift ratio （IDR） and period shift factor of low-rise MI RC buildings in response to the peak ground acceleration of earthquakes using published results obtained from shaking table tests. Both spectral acceleration- and spectral displacement-based fragility curves under various damage states （in terms of IDR） were then constructed using the coefficient-based method. Finally, the spectral displacements of low-rise MI RC buildings at the ultimate （or near- collapse） state obtained from this paper and the literature were compared. The simulation results indicate that the fragility curves obtained from this study and other previous work correspond well. Furthermore, most of the spectral displacements of low-rise MI RC buildings at the ultimate state from the literature fall within the bounded spectral displacements predicted by the coefficient-based method.

关键词： seismic fragility analysis masonry spectral displacement

The designing strategies of graphene-based peroxidase mimetic materials

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Science China Chemistry 2018年第3期61卷 266-275页

作者： Yanjie Wen Linyin Yan Yong-chien Ling Taiwan Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Natural enzymes have been praised highly as ideal catalysts, presumably owing to their remarkable advantages of high efficiency,high selectivity, and mild reaction conditions. The reports of chemical simulation and systematic synthesis of natural enzymes such as peroxidase(POD) are rare because of their complex biological structures. POD represents a large family of oxidoreductases and offers a wide range of applications in many fields of science. Recent advance in the fusion of nanomaterial, catalysis, and biochemistry has inspired the development of artificial enzymes implemented with desired catalytic features of natural ***, we review the redox chemistry of POD and compare its catalytic performance to graphene-based nanomaterials(G-NMs)as POD mimetic nanoenzymes bases on catalytic center, binding site, and carrier function. Based on the viewpoints of stereo chemistry and molecular kinetic and dynamics in heterogeneous system, we evaluate and compare the suitability of different NMs as artificial enzyme constituent. We propose that reevaluates design strategies of graphene-based peroxidase(G-POD) mimetic materials and emphasizes on their selectivity(role as catalytic center, binding site, or carrier) is of uttermost.

关键词： graphene graphene oxide graphene-based composites artificial enzymes biomimetic chemistry nanozymes functionalnanomaterials