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Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in the middle East and North Africa:Challenges and call for action

World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1401-1425页

作者： Imad m El-Kebbi Nayda H Bidikian layal Hneiny mona Philippe Nasrallah Department of Internal medicine Division of EndocrinologyAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterFaculty of MedicineBeirut 11072020Lebanon Department of Internal medicine Sheikh Shakhbout Medical CityAbou Dhabi 11001United Arab Emirates School of medicine American University of BeirutFaculty of MedicineBeirut 11072020Lebanon University Libraries Saab Medical LibraryAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon

Type 2 diabetes continues to be a serious and highly prevalent public health problem *** 2019,the highest prevalence of diabetes in the world at 12.2%,with its associated morbidity and mortality,was found in the middle East and North Africa *** addition to a genetic predisposition in its population,evidence suggests that obesity,physical inactivity,urbanization,and poor nutritional habits have contributed to the high prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in the *** risk factors have also led to an earlier onset of type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents,negatively affecting the productive years of the youth and their quality of ***,efforts to control the rising prevalence of diabetes and its complications have been challenged and complicated by the political instability and armed conflict in some countries of the region and the recent coronavirus disease *** strategies,coupled with targeted interventions at the regional,national,and community levels are needed to address and curb the spread of this public health crisis.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes middle East and North Africa Epidemiology Prevalence Prediabetes Complications

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Expression of the methylcytosine dioxygenase ten-eleven translocation-2 and connexin 43 in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第40期28卷 5845-5864页

作者： moham.ad El-Harakeh Jessica Saliba Kawthar Sharaf Aldeen may Haidar layal El Hajjar mireille Kallassy Awad Jana G Hashash margret Shirinian marwan El-Sabban Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiological SciencesFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107Lebanon UR GPF Laboratory of Biodiversity and Functional Genomics Faculty of ScienceUniversitéSaint-Joseph de BeyrouthBeirut 1107Lebanon Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesLebanese UniversityBeirut 1533Lebanon Department of Public Health Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BalamandDekwanehSin el Fil 1552Lebanon Department of Internal medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107Lebanon Department of Experimental Pathology Immunology and MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107Lebanon

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)constitutes a substantial risk factor for colorectal *** 43(Cx43)is a protein that forms gap junction(GJ)complexes involved in intercellular communication,and its expression is altered under pathological conditions,such as IBD and *** studies have implicated epigenetic processes modulating DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory and malignant *** ten-eleven translocation-2(TET-2)enzyme catalyzes the demethylation,hence,regulating the activity of various cancer-promoting and tumor-suppressor *** To investigate Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels and presence of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5-hmC)marks under inflammatory conditions both in vitro and in *** TET-2 expression was evaluated in parental HT-29 cells and in HT-29 cells expressing low or high levels of Cx43,a putative tumor-suppressor gene whose expression varies in IBD and colorectal cancer,and which has been implicated in the inflammatory process and in tumor *** dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model was reproduced in BALB/c mice to evaluate the expression of TET-2 and Cx43 under inflammatory conditions in *** addition,archived colon tissue sections from normal,IBD(ulcerative colitis),and sporadic colon adenocarcinoma patients were obtained and evaluated for the expression of TET-2 and *** levels were reported at the transcriptional level by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,and at the translational level by Western blotting and *** Under inflammatory conditions,Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels increased compared to noninflammatory ***-2 upregulation was more pronounced in Cx43-deficient ***,colon tissue sections from normal,ulcerative colitis,and sporadic colon adenocarcinoma patients corroborated that Cx43 expression increased in IBD and decreased in adenocarcinoma,compared to tissues from non-IBD ***,TET-2

关键词： Demethylation Inflammation-induced carcinogenesis Ulcerative colitis Colorectal cancer Connexins

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Amblyopia screening for first and second-grade children in Jordan

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第2期15卷 352-356页

作者： Khalil m.Al-Salem moham.ad S.Saleem Ismat Ereifej hamzeh m.Alrawashdeh Rayed Falah Hussein Obeidat Asma Ali Abdlmohdi Raeda Zaki Al-momani layal m.ham.ed ham.ad Omar Ahmad al-Habahbeh Yaqeen m.Assassfeh Laith Ramzi Najib Al-Qsous Ashraf Hatim adeeb Nasraween Tariq A.Al maaitah Deya'-Aldin muneer Hasan Aqeel Ibtehal Eyadeh Awad Alabdulrazzg Abdullah mahmoud moham.ad murad Amany Jehad Faleh AL-Zurqan Enas Jamal moham.ad Jaradat Slsabela Emad Suliman Aldhoon Ala'a majed Dmour Ahmad Talal Asassfeh Jeries Ayman Halaseh Abdel Aziz Ammar Daoud Waha Ayman Alkasasbeh Kholoud GH.matar Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Mutah UniversityAl-Karak 11183Jordan Royal medical Services Department of Ophthalmology Amman 11855Jordan Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Al-Sharif Eye CenterAmman 11194Jordan Jordanian menistrery of Health IrbidAmman 11855Jordan National Woman's Health Care Center(NWHCC) Amman 11855Jordan

AIm:To share the results of a national screening program for amblyopia in school children in the north of ***:This is a prospective national screening study for *** program rolls first and second-grade children(6 to 7 years old) in the north of *** eye examination included:best-corrected visual acuity,cover-uncover test,and cycloplegic *** visual acuity was tested using an ETDRS visual acuity chart without ***,children were tested with full cycloplegic refraction when the test criteria were *** amblyopia was defined as a best-corrected visual acuity difference of 2 or more *** comparison,bilateral amblyopia was defined as a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or worse in the best ***:The prevalence of amblyopia for the total sample tested(n=17 203) was 2.78%(n=479).The most common cause of amblyopia was hypermetropia(64.45%),followed by previous ocular surgeries(15.1%),myopia(10.43%),strabismus(9.39%),and congenital cataract(0.63%).CONCLUSION:This is the first and only study,identifing modifiable risk factors in Jordanian children with *** their first couple of years of elementary education,many Jordanian children are affected by amblyopia and pass unnoticed.A more governmental effort is needed into screening programs to improve vision in the Jordanian population.

关键词： amblyopia screening Jordan community ophthalmology pediatric ophthalmology population-based study screening program

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