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血管成形术和支架辅助血管成形术治疗颅内动脉粥样硬化的报道标准

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国际脑血管病杂志 2009年第7期17卷 481-499页

作者： H. Christian Schumacher Philip M. Meyers randall T. Higashida Colin P. Derdeyn Scan D. Lavine Gary M. Nesbit David Sacks Peter rasmussen lawrence r. wechsler 廖煜君(译) 宋冬雷(译) From the Saul r. Korey Department of Neurology Division of Vascular Neurology and Neurocritical Care Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Neurological Institute of New York NY University of California San Francisco Mallinckrodt Institute of radiology Washington University School of Medicine St. Lonis Mo Oregon Health and Science University Portland Advanced Interventional radiology Reading Hospital and Medical Center Reading Pa University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pa d Cleveland Clinic Foundation Ohio 复旦大学附属华山医院神经外科上海200040

背景和目的颅内动脉粥样硬化可导致众多患者发生缺血性卒中。过去10年里的技术发展使颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄的血管内治疗成为可能。因颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄而接受血管成形术或支架辅助血管成形术的患者数量不断增加。鉴于在对血管成形术... 详细信息

背景和目的颅内动脉粥样硬化可导致众多患者发生缺血性卒中。过去10年里的技术发展使颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄的血管内治疗成为可能。因颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄而接受血管成形术或支架辅助血管成形术的患者数量不断增加。鉴于在对血管成形术或支架辅助血管成形术治疗颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄或闭塞的临床和放射学评价、技术和转归进行报道时，尚缺乏普遍接受的定义，本文的目的是为其报道标准、术语和书面定义提供共识性推荐意见。报道摘要本文是由技术评价委员会、神经介入外科学会、介入放射学学会、美国神经外科医师协会和神经外科医师大会的脑血管神经外科联合分会以及美国神经病学学会卒中和介入神经病学分会组成的联合写作组起草完成的。对1997年1月—2007年12月美国国立医学图书馆文献数据库（PubMed）进行计算机检索，以确定已发表的涉及狭窄性颅内动脉粥样硬化的介入治疗数据，以此作为质量评价的基准。我们设法确定那些可能影响操作成功和并发症风险的危险因素。本文针对颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄或闭塞的血管内治疗临床试验设计的重要因素，提出了各种临床和技术方面的基本原则。本指南还包含了对这类临床试验统一报道标准的建议。这些定义和标准主要用于研究目的；不过，它们对于临床实践也应有所帮助，并且适用于所有出版物。结论总之，这些建议的定义代表了为构建有效研究数据集的推荐意见。其目的是促进科学而严谨的研究结果的产生，使类似研究之间和内部进行可靠的比较成为可能。在某些情况下，本指南中的一些定义由写作组的专家团队一致推荐，以使报道和发表一致。这些定义应能让不同研究小组发表能够进行直接比较的研究结果。

关键词：解剖学血管造影介入神经放射学神经放射学报道标准报道术语支架置入术

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颅内囊性脑动脉瘤血管内治疗的报道标准

国际脑血管病杂志 2009年第12期17卷 889-901页

作者： Philip M. Meyers Christian Schumacher randall T. Higashida Colin P. Derdeyn Gary M. Nesbit David Sacks lawrence r. wechsler Joshua B. Bederson Sean D. Lavine Peter rasmussen 廖煜君(译) 宋冬雷(译) From the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Neurological Institute of New York NY Saul r. Korey Department of Neurology Division of Vascular Neurology and Neurocritical Care Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY University of Califomia San Francisco Mallinckrodt Institute of radiology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Mo Oregon Health and Science University Portland Ore Advanced Interventional radiology Reading Hospital and Medical Center Reading Pa University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pa Department of Neurological Surgery Mount Sinai Medical Center New York NY Cleveland Clinic Foundation Ohio 复旦大学附属华山医院神经外科上海200040

背景和目的本文旨在为颅内脑动脉瘤的放射学评价和血管内治疗的报道标准、术语和书面定义提供共识性推荐意见。这些标准旨在设计临床试验，为患者的合理选择和分层提供统一的定义，并且允许对报道的数据进行分析和汇总分析。方法本文是... 详细信息

背景和目的本文旨在为颅内脑动脉瘤的放射学评价和血管内治疗的报道标准、术语和书面定义提供共识性推荐意见。这些标准旨在设计临床试验，为患者的合理选择和分层提供统一的定义，并且允许对报道的数据进行分析和汇总分析。方法本文是由技术评价委员会、神经介入外科学会、介入放射学学会、美国神经外科医师协会和神经外科医师大会的脑血管神经外科联合分会以及美国神经病学学会卒中和介入神经病学分会组成的联合写作组起草完成的。对1991年1月-2007年12月美国国立医学图书馆文献数据库（PubMed）进行计算机检索，以确定已发表的涉及脑动脉瘤的评价和血管内治疗的脑血管介入治疗数据，以此作为质量评价的基准。我们设法确定那些可能影响操作成功和并发症风险的相关危险因素。本文针对脑动脉瘤血管内治疗临床试验设计方面的重要因素，提供了各种临床和技术方面的基本原则。本指南还包含了对这类临床试验统一报道标准的建议。这些定义和标准主要用于研究目的；不过，它们对于临床实践也应有所帮助，并且适用于所有出版物。结论脑动脉瘤的评价和治疗常常涉及多个医学专业。为制定破裂和未破裂脑动脉瘤的临床处理指南，美国心脏协会最近发辰的综述已对相关医学文献进行了回顾。尽管努力综合了脑动脉瘤评价和治疗方面的现有认识，但在以研究和报道为目的的术语和定义方面仍存在明显的不一致性。这些可操作的定义是由一个多学科写作组一致选择的，用来使涉及脑动脉瘤的临床试验和观察性研究中的影像学相关报道一致。这些定义应有助于不同组织发表能够直接进行比较的研究结果。

关键词：动脉瘤方法学神经放射学神经外科报道标准

Projective Hilbert modules and sequential approximations

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第1期 137-168页

作者： lawrence G.Brown Huaxin Lin Department of Mathematics Purdue University Department of Mathematics East China Normal University Department of Mathematics University of Oregon Shanghai Institute for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences

We show that when A is a separable C*-algebra,every countably generated Hilbert A-module is projective（with bounded module maps as morphisms）.We also study the approximate extensions of bounded module *** the case where A is a σ-unital simple C*-algebra with strict comparison,and every strictly positive lower semicontinuous affine function on quasitraces can be realized as the rank of an element in the Cuntz semigroup,we show that the Cuntz semigroup is equivalent to unitarily equivalent classes of countably generated Hilbert A-modules if and only if A has stable rank one.

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Precise dating of abrupt shifts in the Asian Monsoon during the last deglaciation based on stalagmite data from Yamen Cave, Guizhou Province, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第5期53卷 633-641页

作者： EDWArDS r. lawrence Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Minnesota

Based on 33 U/Th dates and 1020 oxygen isotopic data from stalagmite Y1 from Yamen Cave, Guizhou Province, China, a record of the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) was established. The record covers the last deglaciation and the early Holocene (from 16.2 to 7.3 ka BP) with an average oxygen isotope resolution of 9 years. The main millennial-scale deglacial events first identified in Greenland (Greenland Interstadial Events: GIS 1e through GIS 1a) and later in China are clearly present in the Y1 record. By analogy to earlier work, we refer to these as Chinese Interstadials (CIS): CIS A.1e to CIS A.1a. The onset of these events in Y1 δ18O records are nominally dated at: 14750±50, 14100±60, 13870±80, 13370±80, and 12990±80 a BP. The end of CIS A.1a or the beginning of the Younger Dryas (YD) event is nominally at 12850±50 a BP and the end of the YD dates to 11500±40 a BP. The δ18O values shift by close to 3‰ during the transition into the Bφlling-Allerφd (BA, the onset of CIS A.1e) and at the end of the YD. Comparisons of Y1 to previously published early Holocene records show no significant phase differences. Thus, the East Asia Monsoon and the Indian Monsoon do not appear to have been out of phase during this interval. The Y1 record confirms earlier work that suggested that solar insolation and North Atlantic climate both affect the Asian Monsoon.

关键词： stalagmite Asian Monsoon the last deglaciation Holocene U-series dating Yamen Cave

Laser Stimulation of the Chloroplast/Endoplasmic reticulum Nexus in Tobacco Transiently Produces Protein Aggregates （Boluses） within the Endoplasmic reticulum and Stimulates Local Er remodeling

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Molecular Plant 2011年第5期4卷 886-895页

作者： lawrence r. Griffing1 3258 TAMU Biology Department Texas A＆M University College Station Texas 77843 USA

Does the Er subdomain that associates with the chloroplast in vivo, hereafter referred to as the chloroplast/Er nexus, play a role in protein flow within the Er？ In studies of tobacco cells either constitutively or transiently expressing Er-retained luminal, GFP-HDEL, or trans-membrane, YFP-rHD3, fluorescent fusion proteins, brief 405-nm （3-6-mW） laser stimulation of the nexus causes a qualitative difference in the movement and behavior of proteins in the Er. Photostimulating the nexus produces fluorescent protein punctate aggregates （boluses） within the lumen and membrane of the Er. The aggregation propagates through the membrane network throughout the cell, but within minutes can revert to normal, with disaggregation propagating back toward the originally photostimulated nexus. In the meantime, the Er grows and anastomoses around the chloroplast, forming a dense cisternal and tubular network. If this network is again photostimulated, bolus formation does not recur and, if the photostimulation results in photobleaching, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching occurs as it would typically in areas away from the nexus. Bolus propagation is not mediated by the actin cytoskeleton, but can be reversed by pre-conditioning the cells for 30 min with high, 40-45℃, temperature （heat stress）. Because it is not reversed with heat stress, the reorganization of the Er at the nexus following photostimulation is a separate event.

关键词： Er-chloroplast transport Er movement actin heat stress fluorescence recovery after photobleaching blue light reception.

Subwavelength grating devices in silicon photonics

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Science Bulletin 2016年第11期61卷 879-888页

作者： Junjia Wang Ivan Glesk lawrence r.Chen Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mc Gill University Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Strathclyde

Subwavelength grating(SWG) waveguides in silicon-on-insulator are emerging as an enabling technology for implementing compact, high-performance photonic integrated devices and circuits for signal processing and sensing applications. We provide an overview of our recent work on developing wavelength selective SWG waveguide filters based on Bragg gratings and ring resonators, as well as optical delay lines. These components increase the SWG waveguide component toolbox and can be used to realize more complex photonic integrated circuits with enhanced or new functionality.

关键词： Subwavelength gratings Siliconphotonics Integrated optics - Bragg gratings ringresonators Optical delay lines

Neuronal avalanches:Sandpiles of self-organized criticality or critical dynamics of brain waves?

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Frontiers of physics 2023年第4期18卷 337-348页

作者： Vitaly L.Galinsky lawrence r.Frank Center for Scientific Computation in Imaging University of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA 92037-0854USA Center for Functional MrI University of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA 92037-0677USA

Analytical expressions for scaling of brain wave spectra derived from the general nonlinear wave Hamiltonian form show excellent agreement with experimental“neuronal avalanche”*** theory of the weakly evanescent nonlinear brain wave dynamics[*** 2,023061(2020);*** Neurosci.32,2178(2020)]reveals the underlying collective processes hidden behind the phenomenological statistical description of the neuronal avalanches and connects together the whole range of brain activity states,from oscillatory wave-like modes,to neuronal avalanches,to incoherent spiking,showing that the neuronal avalanches are just the manifestation of the different nonlinear side of wave processes abundant in cortical *** a more broad way these results show that a system of wave modes interacting through all possible combinations of the third order nonlinear terms described by a general wave Hamiltonian necessarily produces anharmonic wave modes with temporal and spatial scaling properties that follow scale free power *** the best of our knowledge this has never been reported in the physical literature and may be applicable to many physical systems that involve wave processes and not just to neuronal avalanches.

关键词： nonlinear waves critical exponent Hamiltonian system neuronal avalanches critical dynamics

On the algorithmic construction of classifying spaces and the isomorphism problem for biautomatic groups

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Science China Mathematics 2011年第8期54卷 1533-1545页

作者： BrIDSON Martin r. rEEVES lawrence Mathematical Institute University of Oxford Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Melbourne

We show that the isomorphism problem is solvable in the class of central extensions of word-hyperbolic groups,and that the isomorphism problem for biautomatic groups reduces to that for biautomatic groups with finite *** describe an algorithm that,given an arbitrary finite presentation of an automatic group Γ,will construct explicit finite models for the skeleta of K(Γ,1) and hence compute the integral homology and cohomology of Γ.

关键词： geometric group theory automatic groups isomorphism problem

STEP AP 242 Managed Model-based 3D Engineering:An Application Towards the Automation of Fixture Planning

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2021年第5期18卷 731-746页

作者： remil George Thomas Deepak lawrence K. Manu r. Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology CalicutKerala 673601India

Fixture design and planning is one of the most important manufacturing activities, playing a pivotal role in deciding the lead time for product development. Fixture design, which affects the part-quality in terms of geometric accuracy and surface finish, can be enhanced by using the product manufacturing information(PMI) stored in the neutral standard for the exchange of product model data(STEP) file, thereby integrating design and manufacturing. The present paper proposes a unique fixture design approach, to extract the geometry information from STEP application protocol(AP) 242 files of computer aided design(CAD) models, for providing automatic suggestions of locator positions and clamping surfaces. Automatic feature extraction software "FiXplan", developed using the programming language C#, is used to extract the part feature, dimension and geometry information. The information from the STEP AP 242 file is deduced using geometric reasoning techniques, which in turn is utilized for fixture planning. The developed software is observed to be adept in identifying the primary, secondary, and tertiary locating faces and locator position configurations of prismatic components. Structural analysis of the prismatic part under different locator positions was performed using commercial finite element method software, ABAQUS, and the optimized locator position was identified on the basis of minimum deformation of the *** area-ratio(base locator enclosed area(%)/work piece base area(%)) for the ideal locator configuration was observed as 33%. Experiments were conducted on a prismatic workpiece using a specially designed fixture, for different locator configurations. The surface roughness and waviness of the machined surfaces were analysed using an Alicona non-contact optical profilometer. The best surface characteristics were obtained for the surface machined under the ideal locator positions having an area-ratio of 33%, thus validating the predicted numerical resul

关键词： Standard for the exchange of product model data(STEP)application protocol(AP)242 product manufacturing information computer-aided fixture design computer aided design(CAD)/computer aided manufacturing(CAM) automation computer integrated manufacturing 3D surface roughness

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