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经颅多普勒超声（TCD）的实践标准——第2部分：临床适应证和预期结果

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国际脑血管病杂志 2012年第1期20卷 1-11页

作者： Andrei V. Alexandrov Michael A. sloan Charles H. Tegeler David N. Newell Alan Lumsden Zsolt Garami Christopher R. Levy lawrence k.s. wong Colleen Douville Manfred kaps 李海峰（译）李宏（译）李展秀（译） From the Comprehensive stroke Center University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 青岛大学医学院附属医院神经内科

引言：经颅多普勒（transcranial Doppler，TCD）已被证实为一种安全有效的生理学超声检查技术。尽管成像设备可以在结构影像的基础上显示颅内血流，但成像性双功能超声或非成像性TCD检查提供的最终结果是通过频谱波形来评价生理学血流... 详细信息

引言：经颅多普勒（transcranial Doppler，TCD）已被证实为一种安全有效的生理学超声检查技术。尽管成像设备可以在结构影像的基础上显示颅内血流，但成像性双功能超声或非成像性TCD检查提供的最终结果是通过频谱波形来评价生理学血流参数。总结概要：多学科专家小组确定的TCD临床适应证包括：镰状细胞病、恼缺血、右向左分流（right—to—left shunt，RLs）、蛛网膜下腔出血、脑死亡以及围手术期或术中监测。TCD检查可常规应用于住院或门诊患者的一些临床实践活动：通过完整或部分TCD检查以检测正常、狭窄或闭塞的颅内血管和侧支循环来判断动脉闭塞位置，并进一步完善颈动脉超声或无创性血管造影结果；通过血管运动反应性检查来识别首发或复发性卒中的高危患者；通过栓子监测对脑栓塞进行实时检查、定位和量化；在怀疑反常性栓塞或考虑分流封堵术治疗的患者中进行RLs检测；对溶栓治疗进行监测以促进血管再通和检测再闭塞；在血管内支架置入术、颈动脉内膜切除术和心脏外科手术中进行监测以发现围手术期栓塞、血栓形成、低灌注或高灌注。结论：通过界定实践范围，这些标准将在TCD检查的申请、检查和评价过程中给开申请单的医生、发报告的医生以及第三方提供帮助。

关键词： TCD 适应证应用结果

经颅多普勒超声的操作规程第1部分：检测步骤

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国际脑血管病杂志 2007年第9期15卷 641-647页

作者： Andrei V. Alexandrov Michael A. sloart lawrence k.s. wong Colleen Douville Alexander Y. Razumovsky Walter J. koroshetz Manfred kaps Charles H. Tegeler 倪秀石（译）凌茹晶（译） From the Barrow Neurological Institute Phoenix Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC Chinese University of Hong kong Hong Kong China swedish Hospital Seattle WA sentient Medical systems Inc.Cockeysville MD Harvard Medical school Boston MA University of Giessen CJiessenGermany Wake Forest University Medical Center Winston-Salem NC 上海市第一人民医院神经内科 200080

尽管经颅多普勒（TCD）临床应用的适应证不断被拓宽，但各机构之间的扫描方案和报告质量却存在很大差异。根据文献分析和广泛的个人经验，一个国际专家小组开始制定TCD检测步骤、判读标准和操作者资质的指南。第一部分介绍针对脑血管病... 详细信息

尽管经颅多普勒（TCD）临床应用的适应证不断被拓宽，但各机构之间的扫描方案和报告质量却存在很大差异。根据文献分析和广泛的个人经验，一个国际专家小组开始制定TCD检测步骤、判读标准和操作者资质的指南。第一部分介绍针对脑血管病患者的完整的诊断性频谱TCD检测。颞窗被用于检测大脑中动脉（MCA）、大脑前动脉（ACA）、大脑后动脉（PCA）、颈内动脉（ICA）Cl段以及通过前交通动脉（ACoA）和后交通动脉（PCoA）的侧支血流；眼窗被用于检测眼动脉（OA）和ICA虹吸部；枕窗被用于检测椎动脉（VA）终末段和基底动脉（BA）。尽管在疾病或非疾病情况下Willis环都存在显著的个体差异，但完整的诊断性TCD检查应该包括对以下血管的评估：双侧MCA M2段（深度30～40mm）和Ml段（40～65mm）（MCAMl段中点深度为50mm，范围44～55mm；平均长度16mm，范围5～24mm）、ACA Al段（60～75mm）、ICA Cl段（60～70mm）、PCAP1～P2段（平均深度63mm，范围55～75mm）、ACoA（70～80mm）、PCoA（58～65mm）、OA（40～50mm）、ICA虹吸部（55～65mm）、VA终末段（40～75mm）以及BA近端（75～80mm）、中段（80～90mm）和远端（90～110mm）。经下颌下窗检测颈部ICA远端（40～60mm）可计算出VMCA／VICA指数或Lindegaard比率，对蛛网膜下腔出血后的血管痉挛进行分级。诊断性TCD的操作目标是探测和优化上述动脉节段特异性频谱波形、确定血流方向、测定脑血流速度和血流搏动性。这些操作规程为频谱多普勒和能量运动多普勒的超声检测装置提供了有关探头位置和血流方向、取样深度和血管鉴别的一套标准的扫描方案，帮助超声实验室取得资格认证。

关键词：经颅多普勒脑血管病实践指南

Advances in Graphene‑Based Electrode for Triboelectric Nanogenerator

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 378-403页

作者： Bin Xie Yuanhui Guo Yun Chen Hao Zhang Jiawei Xiao Maoxiang Hou Huilong Liu Li Ma Xin Chen Chingping wong state key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China school of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China school of Materials science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

With the continuous development of wearable electronics,wireless sensor networks and other micro-electronic devices,there is an increasingly urgent need for miniature,flexible and efficient nanopower generation *** nanogenerator(TENG)technology can convert small mechanical energy into electricity,which is expected to address this *** the core component of TENG,the choice of electrode materials significantly affects its *** metal electrode materials often suffer from problems such as durability,which limits the further application of ***,as a novel electrode material,shows excellent prospects for application in TENG owing to its unique structure and excellent electrical *** review systematically summarizes the recent research progress and application prospects of TENGs based on graphene *** precision processing methods of graphene electrodes are introduced,and the applications of graphene electrode-based TENGs in various scenarios as well as the enhancement of graphene electrodes for TENG performance are *** addition,the future development of graphene electrode-based TENGs is also prospectively discussed,aiming to promote the continuous advancement of graphene electrode-based TENGs.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerator Precision processing Graphene electrode self-powered sensor

Fundamental Groups of Graphs of Cyclic subgroup separable and Weakly Potent Groups

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Algebra Colloquium 2021年第1期28卷 119-130页

作者： M.s.M.Asri k.B.wong P.C.wong Institute of Mathematical sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

We give a characterization of the cyclic subgroup separability and weak potency of the fundamental group of a graph of polycyclic-by-finite groups and free-by-finite groups amalgamating edge subgroups of the form×D,w... 详细信息

关键词： HNN extensions fundamental groups of graphs of groups weakly potent residually finite

Biomedical applications of shape-memory polymers:how practically useful are they?

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science China Chemistry 2014年第4期57卷 476-489页

作者： wong Yeeshan kONG JenFong WIDJAJA Leonardus k VENkATRAMAN subbu s school of Materials science & Engineering College of Engineering Nanyang Technological University

shape-memory effect(sME) is the ability of a material to change its dimension in a predefined way in response to an external stimulus. Polymers that exhibit sME are an important class of materials in medicine, especially for minimally invasive deployment of devices. However, the rate of translation of the concept to approved products is extremely low, with mostly nitinolbased devices being approved. In this review, the general aspects of the different types of stimuli that can be used to activate sME are reviewed and sterilization issues of shape-memory polymer(sMP)-based medical devices are addressed. In addition, the general usefulness as well as the limitations of the shape-memory effect for biomedical applications are described.

关键词： shape memory biodegradable sterilization biomedical polymer

The Weakly Potency of Certain HNN Extensions of Nilpotent Groups

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第4期21卷 689-696页

作者： k.B. wong P.C. wong Institute of Mathematical sciences University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

In this paper we give a characterization for certain HNN extensions oi suogroup separable groups with normal associated subgroups to be weakly potent. We then apply our result to show that certain HNN extensions of fi... 详细信息

关键词： weakly potent HNN extensions subgroup separable finitely generated nilpo-tent groups

Femtosecond Degenerate Four-Wave-Mixing in ZnO Microcrystallite Thin Films

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Chinese Physics Letters 1999年第6期16卷 418-419页

作者： ZHANG Wei-li WANG Qing-yue CHAI Lu XING Qi-rong k.s.wong H.Wang Z.k.Tang G.k.L.wong R.Jain Ultrafast Laser Laboratory School of Precision Instruments&Optoelectronics Engineeringand Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology LaboratoryTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072 school of science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072 Department of Physics Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong Center for High Technology Materials University of New Mexico1313 Goddard SEAlbuquerqueNM 87106USA

Transient third-order optical nonlinearityχ^(3)of ZnO microcrystallite thin films is measured at various temperatures by using femtosecond degenerate ***-temperature excitonic enhancement of is *** magnitude ofχ^(3)ranges between 10^(-4)to 10^(-6)esu from 4.2k to room *** measuredχ^(3)response time ranging from 200 to 300 fs ultrafast for temperature down to 4.2k.

关键词： temperature. crystallite nonlinearity

Activation of human fibroblast-like synoviocytes by uric acid crystals in rheumatoid arthritis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第6期8卷 469-478页

作者： Da P Chen Chun k wong Lai s Tam Edmund k Li Christopher Wk Lam Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalShatinNTHong KongChina Department of Clinical Laboratory Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalNgan Shing StreetShatinNTHong KongChina Macao Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health Macao University of Science and TechnologyAvenida Wai LongTaipaMacaoChina

Hyperuricemia-mediated uric acid crystal formation may cause joint inflammation and provoke the destruction of joints through the activation of inflammasome-mediated innate immune ***,the immunopathological effects and underlying intracellular regulatory mechanisms of uric acid crystal-mediated activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLs)in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)have not been ***,we investigated the in vitro effects of monosodium urate crystals,alone or in combination with the inflammatory cytokines tumor-necrosis factor(TNF)-a or interleukin(IL)-1b,on the activation of human FLs from RA patients and normal control subjects and the underlying intracellular signaling mechanisms of treatment with these *** urate crystals were able to significantly increase the release of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6,the chemokine CXCL8 and the matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-1 from both normal and RA-FLs(all P,0.05).Moreover,the additive or synergistic effect on the release of IL-6,CXCL8 and MMP-1 from both normal and RA-FLs was observed following the combined treatment with monosodium urate crystals and TNF-a or *** experiments showed that the release of the measured inflammatory cytokine,chemokine and MMP-1 stimulated by monosodium urate crystals were differentially regulated by the intracellular activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways but not the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase *** results therefore provide a new insight into the uric acid crystal-activated immunopathological mechanisms mediated by distinct intracellular signal transduction pathways leading to joint inflammation in RA.

关键词： cytokines fibroblast-like synoviocytes rheumatoid arthritis signal transduction uric acid

Career and Life Planning Education:Extending the self-Concept Theory and Its Multidimensional Model to Assess Career-Related self-Concept of students with Diverse Abilities

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ECNU Review of Education 2020年第4期3卷 659-677页

作者： Lan Yang lawrence P.W.wong Department of Curriculum and Instruction The Education University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina The Hong kong Polytechnic University

Purpose:This article aims to(1)systematically examine the development of career guidance practices in Hong kong over the past 40 years,(2)discuss developmental attention to the careerrelated self-concept of diverse learners,and(3)propose a multidimensional model of self-concept by integrating the career-related domains with recent advances in self-concept research pertaining to students’in-school and post-school ***/Approach/Methods:This article charts the developmental trend of career guidance and counseling(CGC)over more than 40 years in Hong *** article also examines key findings relating to self-concept research made in the fields of education and career counseling in the past 50 ***:For 50 years,Hong kong has progressively recognized the importance of *** government’s continued determination to refine its policies and practices in this domain was succinctly highlighted in the Chief Executive’s 2018 policy ***,many challenges pertaining the professional competence of career guidance teachers and the ability of school administrators to manage the paradigm shift from informal to formal career guidance and counseling practices(CGCPs)***,the effects of these CGCPs on students’gains of career-related abilities and interests directly and indirectly remain ***/Value:This article integrates research into the developmental trend of career guidance practices in secondary schools and the study of academic *** article builds upon previous self-concept research by proposing an extended self-concept model that includes the career-related domain,setting a theoretical model for further research to ***,the article demonstrates the importance of tailoring career guidance activities in secondary education to reflect the diverse career-related self-concepts held by today’s students with diverse abilities.

关键词： Academic self-concept career guidance practices career-related self-concept Hong kong students with diverse abilities