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A time for cocktails and inclusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第6期13卷 987-988页

作者： Shenandoah Robinson Frances J.Northington lauren l.jantzie Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosciences University of New Mexico School of Medicine

Perinatal brain injury（PBI）is one of the most important causes of lifelong deficits in cognition,behavior,social interaction and motor skills,as well as epilepsy.PBI encompasses,but is not limited to,hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy（HIE）,intraventricular hemorrhage,periventricular leukomalacia and encephalopathy of prematurity.

关键词： PBI www HIE EPO A time for cocktails and inclusion

Neonatal opioid exposure:public health crisis and novel neuroinflammatory disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 430-432页

作者： Vikram Vasan Yuma Kitase Jessie C.Newville Shenandoah Robinson Gwendolyn Gerner V.Joanna Burton lauren l.jantzie Department of Pediatrics Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDDepartment of NeurologyKennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimoreMDDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMDepartment of NeurosciencesUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMUSA

Substance use,specifically the use of prescription and non-prescription opioids among pregnant women,is a major public health issue and chief contributor to the opioid crisis.The prevalence of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome has risen 5-fold in the past decade,and is a well-recognized consequence of perinatal opioid exposure.By contrast,the long-term damage to the developing brain from opioid medications is just beginning to be recognized as a serious concern.Published data suggest that opioid exposure commencing in utero negatively affects the maturation of the neural-immune system,and trajectory of central nervous system development.Methadone induces peripheral immune hyper-reactivity,lasting structural and microstructural brain injury,and significant deficits in executive function and cognitive control in adult animals following in utero exposure.Thus,to address the cascading public health crisis stemming from the multitude of infants with in utero opioid exposure who will grow up with altered neurodevelopmental trajectories,rigorous preclinical,mechanistic studies are required.Such studies will define the long-term sequelae of prenatal opioid exposure in an effort to develop appropriate and targeted interventions.Specifically,the development of novel fluid,neuroimaging and biobehavioral biomarkers will be the most useful to aid in early identification and treatment of opioid exposed infants with the greatest risk of poor clinical outcomes.These studies will be essential to understand how in utero insults determine brain structure and function in adulthood,and what targeted interventions will be required to improve longterm outcomes in the countless children being born exposed to opioids each year.

关键词： biomarker buprenorphine cognition executive function magnetic resonance imaging methadone neonate

lFA-1 antagonist (BIRT377) similarly reverses peripheral neuropathic pain in male and female mice with underlying sex divergent peripheral immune proinflammatory phenotypes

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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2019年第7期6卷 12-43页

作者： Shahani Noor Melody S.Sun Arden G.Vanderwall Mara A.Havard Jacob E.Sanchez Nathan W.Harris Monique V.Nysus Jeffrey P.Norenberg Harrison T.West Carsten R.Wagner lauren l.jantzie Nikolaos Mellios Erin D.Milligan Department of Neurosciences School of MedicineUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA Department of Pediatrics and Neurology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205-2196USA Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyNew Mexico Center for Isotopes in MedicineUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of MinnesotaCollege of PharmacyMinneapolisMN 55455USA

Aim:The majority of preclinical studies investigating aberrant glial-neuroimmune actions underlying neuropathic pain have focused on male rodent models.Recently,studies have shown peripheral immune cells play a more prominent role than glial cells in mediating pathological pain in females.Here,we compared the onset and duration of allodynia in males and females,and the anti-allodynic action of a potentially novel therapeutic drug(BIRT377)that not only antagonizes the action of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1(lFA-1)to reduce cell migration in the periphery,but may also directly alter the cellular inflammatory bias.Methods:Male and female mice were subjected to peripheral nerve injury chronic constriction injury(CCI)applying two methods,using either 4-0 or 5-0 chromic gut suture material,to examine potential sex differences in the onset,magnitude and duration of allodynia.Hindpaw sensitivity before and after CCI and application of intravenous BIRT377 was assessed.Peripheral and spinal tissues were analyzed for protein(multiplex electrochemiluminescence technology)and mRNA expression(quantitative real-time PCR).The phenotype of peripheral T cells was determined using flow cytometry.Results:Sex differences in proinflammatory CCl2 and Il-1βand the anti-inflammatory Il-10 were observed from a set of cytokines analyzed.A profound proinflammatory T cell(Th17)response in the periphery and spinal cord was also observed in neuropathic females.BIRT377 reversed pain,reduced Il-1βand TNF,and increased Il-10 and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1,also an anti-inflammatory cytokine,in both sexes.However,female-derived T cell cytokines are transcriptionally regulated by BIRT377,as demonstrated by reducing proinflammatory Il-17A production with concurrent increases in Il-10,TGF-β1 and the anti-inflammatory regulatory T cell-related factor,FOXP3.Conclusion:This study supports that divergent peripheral immune and neuroimmune responses during neuropathy exists between males and females.Moreover,the modulatory actions of BIRT

关键词： Neuropathic pain glia neuroimmune peripheral immune T cells

How to establish an endoscopic bariatric practice

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 178-186页

作者： Daniel B Maselli lauren l Donnangelo Brian Coan Christopher E McGowan Clinical Research True You Weight LossAtlantaGA 30342United States Clinical Research True You Weight LossCaryNC 27513United States

Obesity is a chronic,progressive,and relapsing disease of excess adiposity that contributes to more than two hundred medical conditions and is projected to affect more than half the adult population of the United States by the year 2030.Given the limited penetrance of traditional bariatric surgery,as well as the cost and adherence barriers to anti-obesity medications,there is growing interest in the rapidly evolving field of endoscopic bariatric therapies(EBTs).EBTs are minimally invasive,same-day,per-oral endoscopic procedures and include endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty,intragastric balloons,and endoscopic bariatric revisional procedures.This field represents an exciting and innovative subspe-cialty within gastroenterology.However,building a successful endoscopic bariatric practice requires intentional,coordinated,and sustained efforts to overcome the numerous obstacles to entry.Common barriers include acquisition of the technical and cognitive skillset,practice limitations including the availability of nutrition counseling,facility capabilities,direct-to-consumer marketing,and financial pressures such as facility and anesthesia fees.As the highest-volume center for metabolic and bariatric endoscopy in the United States,we provide insights into successfully establishing an endoscopic bariatric program.

关键词： Obesity Endoscopic bariatric therapies Bariatric endoscopy Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty Intragastric balloon Practice management

A rat model of multicompartmental traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock induces bone marrow dysfunction and profound anemia

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： lauren S.Kelly Jennifer A.Munley Erick E.Pons Kolenkode B.Kannan Elizabeth M.Whitley letitia E.Bible Philip A.Efron Alicia M.Mohr Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background:Severe trauma is associated with systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction.Preclinical rodent trauma models are the mainstay of postinjury research but have been criticized for not fully replicating severe human trauma.The aim of this study was to create a rat model of multicompartmental injury which recreates profound traumatic injury.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock(lCHS),multicompartmental polytrauma(PT)(unilateral lung contusion,hemorrhagic shock,cecectomy,bifemoral pseudofracture),or na?ve controls.Weight,plasma toll-l ike receptor 4(TlR4),hemoglobin,spleen to body weight ratio,bone marrow(BM)erythroid progenitor(CFU-GEMM,BFU-E,and CFU-E)growth,plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valueslts:Polytrauma resulted in markedly more profound inhibition of weight gain compared to lCHS(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasma TlR4(plower hemoglobin(plarged spleen to body weight ratios(p=0.004).Both lCHS and PT demonstrated suppression of CFU-E and BFU-E growth compared to na?ve(plasma G-CSF was elevated in PT compared to both na?ve and lCHS(plCHS and PT demonstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial edema.Conclusions:Multicompartmental injury as described here establishes a reproducible model of multicompartmental injury with worsened anemia,splenic tissue enlargement,weight loss,and increased inflammatory activity compared to a less severe model.This may serve as a more effective model to recreate profound traumatic injury to replicate the human inflammatory response postinjury.

关键词： anemia i nflammation polytrauma pseudofracture shock

Postphalloplasty urinary function test:an observational study of novel outcome instrument to capture urinary dysfunction and quality of life after phalloplasty

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第6期24卷 570-574页

作者： James l liu lauren Eisenbeis Stephanie Preston Arthur l Burnett Heather N DiCarlo Devin Coon The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA Johns Hopkins Center for Transgender Health Johns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Surgery University of Texas SouthwesternDallasTX 75370USA

Due to growing social acceptance,there has been an increasing number of gender-affirmation surgeries performed in North America.Most research in this patient population focuses on surgical outcomes and advancing techniques.However,little work has been done to study functional outcomes.To better evaluate urinary dysfunction in the postphalloplasty trans men patient population,our group developed a novel patient-reported outcome instrument-the postphalloplasty urinary function test(PP UFT)and protocol to measure postvoid urethral volume(PVUR),and we present our preliminary results.We conducted a cross-sectional pilot study in a cohort of 15 adult trans men who had undergone phalloplasty with urethral lengthening surgery between 2018 and 2021.Patients had stable urinary function via the neophallus at the time of survey.Patients filled out the PP UFT and were asked to record their PVUR as per our protocol.The average PP UFT score was 8.9 out of 40 and the average quality-of-life(QOl)score was 2.6.Postvoid dribbling constituted the major complaint and on average comprised 63.2%of the reported PP UFT score.The average PVUR was 2.2 ml(range:0.5-5.6 ml).There was a positive correlation between higher PP UFT and worse-reported quality of life(Ple urology have limitations for accurately capturing urinary dysfunction in this specific patient group.The combination of PP UFT and PVUR measurement offers potential for quantifying urinary function and quality of life in patients who undergo phalloplasty.Future studies will validate these instruments.

关键词： gender affirmation gender surgery phalloplasty postvoid urethral residual urethral lengthening urinary dysfunction

Myelin repair in Alzheimer’s disease:a review of biological pathways and potential therapeutics

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 219-234页

作者： lauren Rose Hirschfeld Shannon l.Risacher Kwangsik Nho Andrew J.Saykin Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapo-lisINUSA School of Informatics and Computing Indiana University-Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisINUSA.

This literature review investigates the significant overlap between myelin-repair signaling pathways and pathways known to contribute to hallmark pathologies of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).We discuss previously investigated therapeutic targets of amyloid,tau,and ApoE,as well as other potential therapeutic targets that have been empirically shown to contribute to both remyelination and progression of AD.Current evidence shows that there are multiple AD-relevant pathways which overlap significantly with remyelination and myelin repair through the encouragement of oligodendrocyte proliferation,maturation,and myelin production.There is a present need for a single,cohesive model of myelin homeostasis in AD.While determining a causative pathway is beyond the scope of this review,it may be possible to investigate the pathological overlap of myelin repair and AD through therapeutic approaches.

关键词： Myelin Alzheimer’s disease Myelin repair Oligodendrocyte Remyelination

Six-year trends and intersectional correlates of meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among South Korean adolescents:Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys,2013-2018

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第2期12卷 255-265页

作者： Eun Young lee Asaduzzaman Khan Riaz Uddin Eva lim lauren George School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L3N6Canada Department of Gender Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L3N6Canada School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Active Healthy Kids Bangladesh(AHKBD) Dhaka 1206Bangladesh Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3220Australia Faculty of Health Sciences Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L3N6Canada

Background:Grounded in intersectionality theory,this study examined the 6-year prevalence trend and correlates in meeting Canada’s 24-Hour Movement Guidelines(Guidelines hereafter)in a nationally representative adolescent samples of South Korea(officially the Republic of Korea).Methods:Self-reported,annually repeated cross-sectional data collected between 2013 and 2018 were used(n=372,433,12-17 years old,47.9%females).Adolescents were categorized as meeting or not meeting different sets of physical activity,screen time(ST),and sleep recommendations within the Guidelines,separately for weekdays and weekend days.Intersectional correlates included sex and social class(i.e.,family economic status,parental education level,and academic performance).Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.Results:Overall,the proportion of adolescents meeting physical activity,ST,and sleep recommendations were 5.3%,60.3%,and 10.2%on weekdays and 5.3%,28.2%,and 46.4%on weekend days,respectively.Between 2013 and 2018,no substantial changes were observed for meeting the physical activity or sleep recommendation,while meeting the ST recommendation was markedly lower in 2018.The proportion of meeting all 3 recommendations were 0.5%for weekdays and 0.8%for weekend days.Overall,compared to female adolescents,male adolescents were consistently associated with more favorable patterns of meeting different sets of recommendations,regardless of social class.Among females only,social class appeared to be not important or even detrimental in meeting different sets of recommendations.Being male,compounded with social class,was associated with meeting the ST recommendation.Conclusion:less than 1%of Korean adolescents met the overall Guidelines.Intersectionality-based analysis and intervention may be important in promoting healthy active lifestyles among South Korean adolescents.

关键词： Intersectionality theory Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep Social determinants of health

Investigating oil solubilization into nonionic micelles by Raman multivariate curve resolution

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Aggregate 2023年第6期4卷 146-152页

作者： Ciera M.Wentworth Ryan l.Myers Paul S.Cremer lauren D.Zarzar Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA

Hydrophobic hydration,whereby water spontaneously structures around hydrophobic and amphiphilic molecules,plays a key role in the process of surfactant micelle formation and micellar oil solubilization.Using vibrational Raman multivariate curve resolution spectroscopy,we characterized changes in the hydrophobic hydration occurring within nonionic alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactant Tergitol NP-12 micelles as a function of oil solubilization.We report trends in the changes of hydrophobic hydration depending on the chain length of the oil as well as the presence of a halogen atom in the oil chemical structure.Changes in hydrophobic hydration directly correlate to changes in the physical properties of the micellar solution,including cloud point and micelle hydrodynamic diameter.We compare hydrophobic hydration of Tergitol NP-12 to nonionic linear alkyl ethoxylate surfactant Makon TD-12 and ionic sodium dodecyl sulfate and observe similar trends;the molecular structure of the oil has the largest impact on the hydrophobic hydration.We believe these studies contribute to a fundamental understanding of the importance of hydrophobic hydration in surfactant and oil aggregates,especially as it relates to micellar oil solubilization,and provide insight into how the molecular solubilizate can impact micellar structure,size,and stability.

关键词： hydrophobic hydration micelle Raman multivariate curve resolution solubilization