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A rat model of multicompartmental traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock induces bone marrow dysfunction and profound anemia

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Animal Models and experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： lauren S.Kelly Jennifer A.Munley erick e.Pons Kolenkode B.Kannan elizabeth M.Whitley Letitia e.Bible Philip A.efron Alicia M.Mohr Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background:Severe trauma is associated with systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction.Preclinical rodent trauma models are the mainstay of postinjury research but have been criticized for not fully replicating severe human trauma.The aim of this study was to create a rat model of multicompartmental injury which recreates profound traumatic injury.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock(LCHS),multicompartmental polytrauma(PT)(unilateral lung contusion,hemorrhagic shock,cecectomy,bifemoral pseudofracture),or na?ve controls.Weight,plasma toll-l ike receptor 4(TLR4),hemoglobin,spleen to body weight ratio,bone marrow(BM)erythroid progenitor(CFU-GeMM,BFU-e,and CFU-e)growth,plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valuesesults:Polytrauma resulted in markedly more profound inhibition of weight gain compared to LCHS(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasma TLR4(per hemoglobin(penlarged spleen to body weight ratios(p=0.004).Both LCHS and PT demonstrated suppression of CFU-e and BFU-e growth compared to na?ve(pelevated in PT compared to both na?ve and LCHS(pemonstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial edema.Conclusions:Multicompartmental injury as described here establishes a reproducible model of multicompartmental injury with worsened anemia,splenic tissue enlargement,weight loss,and increased inflammatory activity compared to a less severe model.This may serve as a more effective model to recreate profound traumatic injury to replicate the human inflammatory response postinjury.

关键词： anemia i nflammation polytrauma pseudofracture shock

How to establish an endoscopic bariatric practice

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 178-186页

作者： Daniel B Maselli lauren L Donnangelo Brian Coan Christopher e McGowan Clinical Research True You Weight LossAtlantaGA 30342United States Clinical Research True You Weight LossCaryNC 27513United States

Obesity is a chronic,progressive,and relapsing disease of excess adiposity that contributes to more than two hundred medical conditions and is projected to affect more than half the adult population of the United States by the year 2030.Given the limited penetrance of traditional bariatric surgery,as well as the cost and adherence barriers to anti-obesity medications,there is growing interest in the rapidly evolving field of endoscopic bariatric therapies(eBTs).eBTs are minimally invasive,same-day,per-oral endoscopic procedures and include endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty,intragastric balloons,and endoscopic bariatric revisional procedures.This field represents an exciting and innovative subspe-cialty within gastroenterology.However,building a successful endoscopic bariatric practice requires intentional,coordinated,and sustained efforts to overcome the numerous obstacles to entry.Common barriers include acquisition of the technical and cognitive skillset,practice limitations including the availability of nutrition counseling,facility capabilities,direct-to-consumer marketing,and financial pressures such as facility and anesthesia fees.As the highest-volume center for metabolic and bariatric endoscopy in the United States,we provide insights into successfully establishing an endoscopic bariatric program.

关键词： Obesity endoscopic bariatric therapies Bariatric endoscopy endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty Intragastric balloon Practice management

Chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding protein 5, 7 and pronecrotic mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein serve as potential prognostic biomarkers in patients with resected pancreatic adenocarcinomas

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第4期8卷 358-365页

作者： Crystal S Seldon lauren e colbert William A Hall Sarah B Fisher David S Yu Jerome C Landry Department of Radiation Oncology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology the Medial College of Wisconsin Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Emory University School of Medicine

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with a very poor prognosis. Recently, there has been a significant increase in research directed towards identifying potential biomarkers that can be used to diagnose and provide prognostic information for pancreatic cancer. These markers can be used clinically to optimize and personalize therapy for individual patients. In this review, we focused on 3 biomarkers involved in the DNA damage response pathway and the necroptosis pathway: Chromodomainhelicase-DNA binding protein 5, chromodomain-helicaseDNA binding protein 7, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein. The aim of this article is to review present literature provided for these biomarkers and current studies in which their effectiveness as prognostic biomarkers are analyzed in order to determine their future use as biomarkers in clinical medicine. Based on the data presented, these biomarkers warrant further investigation,and should be validated in future studies.

关键词： Chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding protein 5 Chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding protein 7 Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Biomarker

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如何吸引Z世代消费者

空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第6期 22-23,44,45页

作者： Max Rhodes lauren Cooks Levitan 不详

Z世代消费者已经成为零售业的核心焦点,很大程度上因为他们代表着约3600亿美元的可支配收,随着年轻一代到达经济成熟期,这个数字还会增长。此外,虽然电子商务常被认为是人类第一个智能手机世代的首选渠道,但我们的研究则显示,和数年前... 详细信息

Z世代消费者已经成为零售业的核心焦点,很大程度上因为他们代表着约3600亿美元的可支配收,随着年轻一代到达经济成熟期,这个数字还会增长。此外,虽然电子商务常被认为是人类第一个智能手机世代的首选渠道,但我们的研究则显示,和数年前相比。

关键词：零售业电子商务智能手机消费者世代年轻一代

Neural lineage differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells:Advances in disease modeling

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2023年第6期15卷 530-545页

作者： Yuan-Wei Yan eddie S Qian lauren e Woodard Julie Bejoy Waisman Center University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705United States Nephrology and Hypertension Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232United States Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232United States Department of Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare SystemNashvilleTN 37232United States Biomedical engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37232United States

Brain diseases affect 1 in 6 people worldwide.These diseases range from acute neurological conditions such as stroke to chronic neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.Recent advancements in tissue-engineered brain disease models have overcome many of the different shortcomings associated with the various animal models,tissue culture models,and epidemiologic patient data that are commonly used to study brain disease.One innovative method by which to model human neurological disease is via the directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells(hPSCs)to neural lineages including neurons,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes.Three-dimensional models such as brain organoids have also been derived from hPSCs,offering more physiological relevance due to their incorporation of various cell types.As such,brain organoids can better model the pathophysiology of neural diseases observed in patients.In this review,we will emphasize recent developments in hPSC-based tissue culture models of neurological disorders and how they are being used to create neural disease models.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Microglia Brain organoids Assembloids

Legacy earthen berms influence vegetation and hydrologic complexity in the Altar Valley,Arizona

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 755-763页

作者： Mary H.Nichols Sara e.Duke Chandra Holifield Collins lauren Thompson Southwest Watershed Research Center USDA-ARS2000 E.Allen Rd.TucsonAZ85719USA Southern Plains Area Research Center USDA-ARSSPARCCollege StationTX77845USA University of Arizona College of Science GraduateTucsonAZ85719USA

Across the American Southwest water development has played a critical role in managing rangelands.earthen berms have been constructed throughout US rangelands to manage runoff and reduce erosion.The berms altered runoff patterns to increase soil moisture with positive local vegetative response.However,altered runoff patterns can be considered a disturbance that affects broader scale vegetation patterns.We hypothesized that the hydrologic impacts of earthen berms in semiarid rangelands will be reflected in contrasting upslope and downslope vegetation patterns.A supervised classification of grass,shrubs,and bare soil was performed using orthographic imagery taken in June 2016 to quantify the effects of 181 earthen berms in the uplands and floodplain of the Altar Valley in Southern Arizona,US.Intact berms blocked runoff,creating downslope runoff"shadows"within which the precipitation is the dominant water input.We documented more bare soil downslope of intact berms in comparison with upslope.Grass and shrub cover affected by berms were related to soil texture.Grass and shrub cover were not different above and below intact berms on fine textured soils,but on sites with coarser textured soil,grass cover was lower downslope of berms.Where breaches occurred on coarser textured soils,the up and downslope differences in grass cover diminished.This study points to the role of conservation structures in adding additional complexity to already heterogeneous landscapes by creating patchwork assemblages of vegetation and bare soil proximal to earthen runoff and erosion control berms.

关键词： Legacy conservation structure earthen bank earthen berm Land degradation Rangeland

Transcatheter Device Closure of a Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect in Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第2期17卷 193-199页

作者： Catherine e.Tomasulo Lindsay S.Rogers lauren Andrade Michael LO’Byrne Division of Cardiology The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUSA Division of Cardiology Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA Center for Pediatric Clinical effectiveness The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUSA Leonard Davis Institute and Center for Cardiovascular Outcomes Qualityand Evaluative ResearchUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA

The majority of patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries,also known as transposition of the great arteries{S,L,L}have ventricular septal defects(VSD),most commonly perimembranous VSD(pmVSD).Transcatheter device closure of pmVSD in these patients has not been widely described.We present a case of device closure of pmVSD in L-TGA with an Amplatzer Duct Occluder II(ADOII)device using a deployment starting in the subpulmonary left ventricle.The case demonstrates some of the technical advantages of the ADOII device for VSD closure,specifically its low profile,symmetric shape,and soft material.These characteristics are advantageous in closing conventional pmVSD but are especially useful in patients with challenging anatomic substrates.

关键词： Percutaneous catheterization congenital heart disease thromboembolism

The impact of height-adjustable desks and classroom prompts on classroom sitting time,social,and motivational factors among adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 97-105页

作者： Bronwyn Sudholz Ana Marıa Contardo Ayala Anna Timperio David W.Dunstan David e.Conroy Gavin Abbott Bernie Holland lauren Arundell Jo Salmon Pomegranate Community Mental Health St John of God Social OutreachBallaratVIC 3350Australia Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3128Australia Physical Activity Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Department of Kinesiology Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611USA The Australian Council for Health and Physical education and Recreation AbbotsfordVIC 3067Australia

Purpose:This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of height-adjustable desks in combination with prompts to break up prolonged sitting time during class time and identified social and motivational factors associated with breaking up sitting time among adolescents.Teachers’perceptions of strategies were also examined.Methods:Over 17 weeks,1 classroom in a government secondary school in Melbourne,Australia,was equipped with 27 height-adjustable desks and prompts(posters and desk stickers)to break up classroom sitting time.Teachers received professional development in the use of the desks and prompts.One group of adolescents(n=55)had 2-5 lessons/week using the height-adjustable desks in an intervention classroom,and a comparison group matched by year level and subject(n=50)was taught in traditional“seated”classrooms.Adolescents wore an activPAL monitor at baseline(T0),4 weeks(T1),and 17 weeks(T2)and completed a survey at T0 and T2.Six teachers participated in interviews at T2.effect sizes were calculated(d).Results:Linear mixed models found that,compared to the traditional“seated”classrooms,the adolescents in the intervention classroom had significantly lower sitting time(T1:-9.7 min/lesson,d=-0.96;T2:-6.7 min/lesson,d=-0.70)and time spent in sitting bouts>15 min(T2:-11.2 min/lesson,d=-0.62),and had significantly higher standing time(T1:7.3 min/lesson,d=0.84;T2:5.8 min/lesson,d=0.91),number of breaks from sitting(T1:1.3 breaks/lesson,d=0.49;T2:1.8 breaks/lesson,d=0.67),and stepping time(T1:2.5 min/lesson,d=0.66).Intervention classroom adolescents reported greater habit strength(d=0.58),self-efficacy for breaking up sitting time(d=0.75),and indicated that having a teacher/classmate remind them to stand as helpful(d=0.50).Conclusion:This intervention shows promise for targeting sitting behaviors in the classroom and indicates that incorporating social and motivational strategies may further enhance outcomes.

关键词： Adolescent School Sedentary behavior Sitting Standing

Six-year trends and intersectional correlates of meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among South Korean adolescents:Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys,2013-2018

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第2期12卷 255-265页

作者： eun Young Lee Asaduzzaman Khan Riaz Uddin eva Lim lauren George School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L3N6Canada Department of Gender Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L3N6Canada School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Active Healthy Kids Bangladesh(AHKBD) Dhaka 1206Bangladesh Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3220Australia Faculty of Health Sciences Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L3N6Canada

Background:Grounded in intersectionality theory,this study examined the 6-year prevalence trend and correlates in meeting Canada’s 24-Hour Movement Guidelines(Guidelines hereafter)in a nationally representative adolescent samples of South Korea(officially the Republic of Korea).Methods:Self-reported,annually repeated cross-sectional data collected between 2013 and 2018 were used(n=372,433,12-17 years old,47.9%females).Adolescents were categorized as meeting or not meeting different sets of physical activity,screen time(ST),and sleep recommendations within the Guidelines,separately for weekdays and weekend days.Intersectional correlates included sex and social class(i.e.,family economic status,parental education level,and academic performance).Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.Results:Overall,the proportion of adolescents meeting physical activity,ST,and sleep recommendations were 5.3%,60.3%,and 10.2%on weekdays and 5.3%,28.2%,and 46.4%on weekend days,respectively.Between 2013 and 2018,no substantial changes were observed for meeting the physical activity or sleep recommendation,while meeting the ST recommendation was markedly lower in 2018.The proportion of meeting all 3 recommendations were 0.5%for weekdays and 0.8%for weekend days.Overall,compared to female adolescents,male adolescents were consistently associated with more favorable patterns of meeting different sets of recommendations,regardless of social class.Among females only,social class appeared to be not important or even detrimental in meeting different sets of recommendations.Being male,compounded with social class,was associated with meeting the ST recommendation.Conclusion:Less than 1%of Korean adolescents met the overall Guidelines.Intersectionality-based analysis and intervention may be important in promoting healthy active lifestyles among South Korean adolescents.

关键词： Intersectionality theory Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep Social determinants of health