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Moving fast, thinking fast:The relations of physical activity levels and bouts to neuroelectric indices of inhibitory control in preadolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第4期8卷 301-314页

作者： Dominika M.Pindus Eric S.Drollette lauren b.raine Shih-Chun Kao Naiman Khan Daniel R.Westfall Morgan Hamill Rebecca Shorin Emily Calobrisi Dinesh John Arthur F.Kramer Charles H.Hillman Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA School of Health and Human Sciences University of North Carolina GreensboroGreensboroNC 6170USA Department of Psychology Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Health and Kinesiology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Health Sciences Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Physical Therapy Movement&Rehabilitation SciencesNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA

background:Structured vigorous physical activity(VPA)can improve cognitive control in children,but studies relating daily physical activity(PA)to cognitive control have yielded conflicting *** objectively measured daily PA summarizes all occurrences of PA within a registered period,a minimum duration of continuous PA is required for registration of a PA *** brief bouts of high-intensity PA can account for a large proportion of children’s daily activity-related energy expenditure,this study assessed whether daily and bouted VPA were selectively related to cognitive control in preadolescents relative to other PA ***:A total of 75 children between the ages of 8 and 10 years(49%girls)wore an ActiGraph wGT 3 X+on the hip for 7 *** acceleration signal from the vertical axis was summarized over 1 s,5 s,and 15 s *** and boutecd modercate PA,moderate-to-vigorous PA,and VPA were *** bouts were expressed as the frequency and time spent in 2 different continuous PA bouts,one lasting≥10 s and the other lasting≥30 s at a given *** control was assessed using behavioral responses to a modified flanker task(mean reaction time(RTmean)and accuracy).Attentional resource allocation and co gnitive processing speed were measured using the amplitude and latency of the P3 component of event-related brain potentials,*** between PA,behavioral indices of inhibitory control,P3 amplitude,and latency were assessed using hierarchical regression ***:Daily VPA was not related to RTmean or accuracy on either congruent or incongruent *** contrast,more time spent in VPA bouts lasting≥30 s predicted shorter P3 latency across epochs and flanker congruencies(allβ≤-0.24,all p≤0.04).The associations between shorter P3 latency and the time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA bouts lasting≥30 s were less consistent and largely limited to congruent trials(congruent:β(-0.3 1,-0.34)).No significant asso

关键词： Accelerometry bouts Children ERPs Inhibitory control P3 Physical activity

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biological buffers and the impacts of climate change

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 349-354页

作者： Raymond b.HUEY lauren b.bUCKLEY Weiguo DU University of Washington SeattleWashingtonUSA Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesChina

INTRODUCTION This special issue of Integrative Zoology(the official journal of the International Society of Zoological Sciences)explores how biological buffers(behavior,plasticity and evolution)potentially alleviate negative impacts of climate *** papers result from the 9th International Symposium of Integrative Zoology,which was held in Xining,Qinghai Province,China from 27 to 31 August 2017.

关键词： journal change official

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Insects: an underrepresented resource for the discovery of biologically active natural products

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2017年第4期7卷 409-426页

作者： lauren Seabrooks Longqin Hu Department of Medicinal Chemistry Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Cancer Institute of New Jersey

Nature has been the source of life-changing and-saving medications for centuries. Aspirin,penicillin and morphine are prime examples of Nature's gifts to medicine. These discoveries catalyzed the field of natural product drug discovery which has mostly focused on plants. However, insects have more than twice the number of species and entomotherapy has been in practice for as long as and often in conjunction with medicinal plants and is an important alternative to modern medicine in many parts of the world. Herein, an overview of current traditional medicinal applications of insects and characterization of isolated biologically active molecules starting from approximately 2010 is presented. Insect natural products reviewed were isolated from ants, bees, wasps, beetles, cockroaches, termites, flies, true bugs,moths and more. biological activities of these natural products from insects include antimicrobial,antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.

关键词： Natural products Insects Entomotherapy Traditional medicine Drug discovery

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Is intraspecific variation in diet and morphology related to environmental gradients?Exploring Liem’s paradox in a cichlid fish

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第3期5卷 241-255页

作者： Sandra A.bINNING lauren J.CHAPMAN biology Department McGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanadaH3A 1B1 Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA

Interspecific studies have demonstrated that trophic morphology and ecology are not always tightly matched:a phenomenon rarely reported at the intraspecific *** the present study,we explored relationships among diet,morphology and the environment in a widespread cichlid fish,Astatoreochromis alluaudi(Pellegrin 1904),from 6 sites in southern Uganda to test for evidence of eco-morphological matching at the interdemic *** studies of Astatoreochromis alluaudi have demonstrated developmental plasticity in trophic morphology in response to diet:a mollusk diet produces specimens with large pharyngeal jaws and muscles,whereas a soft-food diet produces smaller pharyngeal jaws and corresponding changes in *** were chosen to maximize variability in environmental variables that might directly or indirectly affect trophic *** found significant differences in pharyngeal jaw and muscle morphology among ***,we found differences in diets among sites:mollusks were found in the stomachs of fish from only 2 populations sampled,despite the presence of mollusks in 5 of the 6 *** trophic morphology did match the observed diet in 2 sites,diet did not correlate with either morphology or environmental variables across sites,nor were environmental variables correlated with morphological variation among *** results suggest that mismatch can occur among different populations of a single species for reasons such as seasonality in resources,developmental plasticity and/or complex indirect *** mechanisms should be further studied in order to better understand the complex relationships between morphological specialization and ecological generalization.

关键词： ecological specialization fish diet Liem’s paradox population divergence trophic morphology

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Innovations in osteomyelitis research:A review of animal models

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第1期4卷 59-70页

作者： Kylie M.Roux Leah H.Cobb Marc A.Seitz lauren b.Priddy College of Veterinary Medicine Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA Department of Agricultural and biological Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA

Infection of bone tissue,or osteomyelitis,has become a growing concern in modern healthcare due in no small part to a rise in antibiotic resistance among bacteria,notably Staphylococcus *** current standard of care involves aggressive,prolonged antibiotic therapy combined with surgical debridement of infected *** this treatment may be sufficient for resolving a portion of cases,recurrences of the infection and associated risks including toxicity with long-term antibiotic usage have been ***,there exists a need to produce safer,more efficacious options of treatment for *** order to test treatment regimens,animal models that closely mimic the clinical condition and allow for accurate evaluation of therapeutics are *** a model that replicates features of osteomyelitis in humans continues to be a challenge to scientists,as there are many variables involved,including choosing an appropriate species and method to establish *** review addresses the refinement of animal models of osteomyelitis to reflect the clinical disease and test prospective *** aim of this review is to explore studies regarding the use of animals for osteomyelitis therapeutics research and encourage further development of such animal models for the translation of results from the animal experiment to human medicine.

关键词： animal model bone infection orthopedic implant osteomyelitis Staphylococcus aureus

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Chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding protein 5, 7 and pronecrotic mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein serve as potential prognostic biomarkers in patients with resected pancreatic adenocarcinomas

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第4期8卷 358-365页

作者： Crystal S Seldon lauren E Colbert William A Hall Sarah b Fisher David S Yu Jerome C Landry Department of Radiation Oncology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology the Medial College of Wisconsin Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Emory University School of Medicine

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with a very poor prognosis. Recently, there has been a significant increase in research directed towards identifying potential biomarkers that can be used to diagnose and provide prognostic information for pancreatic cancer. These markers can be used clinically to optimize and personalize therapy for individual patients. In this review, we focused on 3 biomarkers involved in the DNA damage response pathway and the necroptosis pathway: Chromodomainhelicase-DNA binding protein 5, chromodomain-helicaseDNA binding protein 7, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein. The aim of this article is to review present literature provided for these biomarkers and current studies in which their effectiveness as prognostic biomarkers are analyzed in order to determine their future use as biomarkers in clinical medicine. based on the data presented, these biomarkers warrant further investigation,and should be validated in future studies.

关键词： Chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding protein 5 Chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding protein 7 Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein Pancreatic adenocarcinoma biomarker

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Deleterious effects of whole-body vibration on the spine:A review of in vivo,ex vivo,and in vitro models

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第2期4卷 77-86页

作者： Folly Patterson Raheleh Miralami Keith E.Tansey Raj K.Prabhu lauren b.Priddy Department of Agricultural and biological Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMSUSA Department of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery Methodist Rehabilitation CenterJacksonMSUSA Spinal Cord Injury Medicine and Research Services G.V.(Sonny)Montgomery VA Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA

Occupational exposure to whole-body vibration is associated with the develop-ment of musculoskeletal,neurological,and other *** back pain and other spine disorders are prevalent among those exposed to whole-body vibration in occupational and military *** standards for limiting exposure to whole-body vibration have been in place for decades,there is a lack of understanding of whole-body vibration-associated risks among safety and healthcare ***,disorders associated with whole-body vibration exposure remain prevalent in the workforce and *** relationship between whole-body vibra-tion and low back pain in humans has been established largely through cohort stud-ies,for which vibration inputs that lead to symptoms are rarely,if ever,*** gap in knowledge highlights the need for the development of relevant in vivo,ex vivo,and in vitro models to study such *** parameters of vibrational stimuli(eg,frequency and direction)play critical roles in such pathologies,but the specific cause-and-effect relationships between whole-body vibration and spinal pa-thologies remain mostly *** paper provides a summary of whole-body vibration parameters;reviews in vivo,ex vivo,and in vitro models for spinal patholo-gies resulting from whole-body vibration;and offers suggestions to address the gaps in translating injury biomechanics data to inform clinical practice.

关键词： adverse effects animal models intervertebral disc spine translational research vibration

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Multi-strategy engineering greatly enhances provitamin A carotenoid accumulation and stability in Arabidopsis seeds

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abIOTECH 2021年第3期2卷 191-214页

作者： Tianhu Sun Qinlong Zhu Ziqing Wei lauren AOwens Tara Fish Hyojin Kim Theodore W.Thannhauser Edgar b.Cahoon Li Li Robert W.Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA-ARSCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Plant breeding and Genetics Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Department of biochemistry and Center for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA

Staple grains with low levels of provitamin A carotenoids contribute to the global prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and therefore are the main targets for provitamin A ***,carotenoid stability during both seed maturation and postharvest storage is a serious concern for the full benefits of carotenoid biofortified *** this study,we utilized Arabidopsis as a model to establish car-otenoid biofortification strategies in *** discovered that manipulation of carotenoid biosynthetic activity by seed-specific expression of Phytoene synthase(PSY)increases both provitamin A and total carotenoid levels but the increased carotenoids are prone to degradation during seed maturation and storage,consistent with previous studies of provitamin A biofortified *** contrast,stacking with Orange(OR^(His)),a gene that initiates chromopl ast biogenesis,dramatically enhances provitamin A and total carotenoid content and *** to 65-and 10-fold increases of β-carotene and total car-otenoids,res pectively,with provitamin A carotenoids composing over 63%were observed in the seeds containing OR^(His) and ***-expression of Homogen tisate geranylgeranyl transferase(HGGT)with OR^(His) and PSY further increases carotenoid accumulation and stability during seed maturation and ***,knocking-out of b-carotene hydroxylase 2(bCH2)by CRISPR/Cas9 not only potentially facilitates β-carotene accumulation but also minimizes the negative effect of carotenoid over production on seed germi *** findings provide new insights into various processes on carotenoid accu-mulation and stability in seeds and establish a multiplexed strategy to simultaneously target carotenoid biosynthesis,turnover,and stable storage for carotenoid biofortification in crop seeds.

关键词： Carotenoid PSY OR^(His) HGGT bCH2 Seed Metabolic engineering

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Vascularized lymph node transfer for the treatment of lymphedema:a systematic review and metaanalysis of clinical and patient-reported outcomes

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2023年第1期10卷 797-812页

作者： Shreya Raman Sai Anusha Sanka Jenny Ji lauren Yaeger Gary b.Skolnick Joani M.Christensen Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA bernard becker Medical Library Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA

Aim:The aim of this systematic review was to summarize clinical and patient-reported outcomes(PROs)for various vascularized lymph node transfer(VLNT)donor sites and identify gaps in the literature to guide future ***:A literature search of five databases was performed for articles related to VLNT that were published prior to November *** that included clinical outcomes or PROs from at least five adult patients who received VLNTs to treat lymphedema were ***:Sixty-six studies met the study *** studies reported improved limb circumference/volume,reduction or discontinuation of conservative therapy,infection rate reduction,improved PROs,or postoperative imaging findings reflecting functional lymph *** were significantly lower infection rates(Pbdominal flaps,but overall few studies reported these *** were no significant differences in complication rates at the donor or recipient site based on VLNT donor sites,or between intra-abdominal ***-abdominal VLNT donor sites,although these outcomes are not uniformly ***:This meta-analysis identified that intra-abdominal donor sites have the potential to reduce postoperative infectious episodes more than extra-abdominal donor *** recent investigations address many understudied VLNT donor sites,larger comparative studies and a standardized methodology are needed to better characterize postoperative outcomes,which can offer more concrete evidence to guide surgical practice.

关键词： Lymphedema vascularized lymph node transfer lymphedema surgery

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Nocturnal foragers exploit tree exudates from holes gouged by diurnal common marmoset monkeys(Callithrix jacchus)

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 617-623页

作者： Cynthia L.THOMPSON lauren M.GAPP Leonardo C.O.MELO Christopher J.VINYARD Maria A.b.DE OLIVEIRA Department of biomedical Sciences Grand Valley State UniversityAllendaleMichiganUSA Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal Universidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecife-PEBrazil Department of Anatomy&Neurobiology Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOhioUSA

INTRODUCTION Plant exudates are a common,yet often overlooked food source eaten by 94 mammalian species spread across 6 orders(Nash&burrows 2010;Cabana et al.2018).However,exudates(including gums,resins,and latex,defined following Cabana et al.2018)contain large amounts of non-digestible carbohydrates and plant secondary metabolites,posing challenges for mammals exploiting this resource(Power 2010).Due to the difficulty of gaining nutrition from exudates,they are not considered a high-quality food source,despite the number of species that consume them(Power 2010;Cabana et al.2018).

关键词： exploit resins latex

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