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Contrasting sorption behaviours affecting groundwater arsenic concentration in Kandal Province,Cambodia

Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1701-1713页

作者： laura A. Richards Maria J. Casanueva-Marenco Daniel Magnone Chansopheaktra Sovann bart E. van Dongen David A. Polya School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science The University of ManchesterWilliamson BuildingOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK Department of Analytical Chemistry Institute of BiomoleculesFaculty of SciencesUniversity of CádizCádizSpain School of Geography University of LincolnBrayford PoolLincolnLincolnshireLN6 7TSUK Department of Environmental Science Royal University of Phnom PenhPhnom PenhCambodia

Natural arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater which provides drinking water and/or irrigation supplies remains a major public health issue,particularly in South and Southeast Asia.A number of studies have evaluated various aspects of the biogeochemical controls on As mobilization in aquifers typical to this region,however many are predicated on the assumption that key biogeochemical processes may be deduced by sampled water *** validity of this assumption has not been clearly established even though the role of sorption/desorption of As and other heavy metals onto Fe/Mn (hydr) oxides is an important control in As ***,selective chemical extractions of sand-rich and clay-rich sediments from an As-affected aquifer in Kandal Province,Cambodia,were undertaken to explore the potential role of partial re-equilibrium through sorption/desorption reactions of As and related solutes (Fe,Mn and P) between groundwater and the associated solid aquifer *** general,groundwater As is strongly affected by both pH and Eh throughout the study ***,contrasting sorption behaviour is observed in two distinct sand-dominated (T-Sand) and clay dominated (T-Clay) transects,and plausibly attributed to differing dominant lithologies,biogeochemical and/or hydrogeological ***/desorption processes appear to be re-setting groundwater As concentrations in both transects,but to varying extents and in different *** T-Sand,which is typically highly reducing,correlations suggest that dissolved As may be sequestered by sorption/re-adsorption to Fe-bearing mineral phases and/or sedimentary organic matter;in T-Clay Eh is a major control on As mobilization although binding/occlusion of Fe-bearing minerals to sedimentary organic matter may also *** linear regression analysis was conducted with groups categorised by transect and by Eh,and the output correlations support the contrasting sorption behaviours encountered in this study area.I

关键词： Arsenic Groundwater Partial equilibrium Sorption Water-rock interactions Cambodia

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Dissolved organic matter tracers reveal contrasting characteristics across high arsenic aquifers in Cambodia:A fluorescence spectroscopy study

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1653-1667页

作者： laura A. Richards Dan J. Lapworth Daniel Magnone Daren C. Gooddy Lee Chambers Peter J. Williams bart E. van Dongen David A. Polya School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science The University of ManchesterWilliamson BuildingOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK British Geological Survey Maclean BuildingWallingfordOxfordshireOX10 8BBUK Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA1 4YQUK Present address: School of Geography University of LincolnBrayford PoolLincolnLincolnshireLN6 7 TSUK Present address: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of StrathclydeGlasgow G1 1XJUK

Organic matter in the environment is involved in many biogeochemical processes,including the mobilization of geogenic trace elements,such as arsenic,into *** this paper we present the use of fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool in heavily arsenicaffected groundwaters in Kandal Province,*** fluorescence DOM (fDOM) characteristics between contrasting field areas of differing dominant lithologies were compared and linked to other hydrogeochemical parameters,including arsenic and dissolved methane as well as selected sedimentary ***-corrected fluorescence indices were used to characterize depth profiles and compare field *** fDOM was generally dominated by terrestrial humic and fulvic-like components,with relatively small contributions from microbially-derived,tryptophan-like *** fDOM from sand-dominated sequences typically contained lower tryptophan-like,lower fulvic-like and lower humic-like components,was less bioavailable,and had higher humification index than clay-dominated *** concentrations were strongly correlated with fDOM bioavailability as well as with tryptophan-like components,suggesting that groundwater methane in these arsenic-prone aquifers is likely of biogenic origin.A comparison of fDOM tracers with sedimentary OM tracers is consistent with the hypothesis that external,surface-derived contributions to the aqueous DOM pool are an important control on groundwater hydrogeochemistry.

关键词： Arsenic Fluorescence spectroscopy Organic matter characterization Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) Groundwater quality

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Flipped classroom approach to global outreach:cross-cultural teaching of horizontal strabismus to Chinese ophthalmology residents

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第2期16卷 280-285页

作者： Randy Lu Ryan E Dodge Ⅲ Jocelyn Lam laura Enyedi Tammy Yanovitch Nandini Gandhi Leona Ding Michelle T Cabrera University of Washington School of Medicine SeattleWA 98195USA Department of Anesthesia Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA eyehealth Northwest PortlandOR 97209USA Department of Ophthalmology Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Ophthalmology University of OklahomaOklahoma CityOK 73019USA Department of Ophthalmology University of California DavisSacramentoCA 95817USA Department of Ophthalmology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Division of Ophthalmology Seattle Children’s HospitalSeattleWA 98105USA

AIM:To evaluate the flipped classroom model for teaching horizontal strabismus didactics in an ophthalmology residency program in China as part of a visiting professorship from the United ***:Residents from an ophthalmology residency program in China were invited to participate in flipped classroom sessions taught by an experienced American ophthalmology faculty in *** were instructed to watch a pre-class video lecture prior to the in-class-casebased *** tests(5 Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program style questions)and surveys were administered before and after the classroom sessions(100%response rate).These results were compared to that of an American cohort who were taught the same ***:The Chinese cohort of 12 residents preferred the flipped classroom to the traditional classroom at higher rates than the American cohort of 40 residents(92%vs 55%,P=0.04)and felt that all ophthalmology topics would be appropriate for the flipped classroom teaching style(P-values between 0.008 and<0.001).In both Chinese and American cohorts,we found that the exotropia curriculum saw a small but significant improvement in performance following the flipped classroom session(P=0.025 for Chinese residents;P=0.001 for US residents),whereas scores in both groups for the esotropia course did not significantly ***:This is the first study to evaluate the flipped classroom model implemented by a visiting ophthalmology professor in a global outreach *** flipped classroom sessions are viewed favorably by the Chinese residents relative to the US cohort with a modest impact on *** in-person interpreter requirement and increased student engagement make this model valuable in cross-cultural visiting professorship ***,the flipped classroom may lend itself well to a virtual format to prevent the transmission of COVID-19,although such a format requires further study.

关键词： flipped classroom international ophthalmology residency graduate medical education China active learning medical education ophthalmology

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Diagnostic Yield of Non-Invasive Testing in Patients with Anomalous Aortic Origin of Coronary Arteries:A Multicentric Experience

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第4期17卷 375-385页

作者： Alberto Cipriani Pietro Bernardo Dall’Aglio laura Mazzotta Domenico Sirico George Sarris Mark Hazekamp Thierry Carrel Alessandro Frigiola Vladimir Sojak Mauro Lo Rito Jurgen Horer Regine Roussin Julie Cleuziou bart Meyns Jose Fragata Helena Telles Anastasios C.Polimenakos Katrien Francois Altin Veshti Jukka Salminen Alvaro Gonzalez Rocafort Matej Nosal Eleftherios Protopapas Roberto Tumbarello Patrizio Sarto Cinzia Pegoraro Raffaella Motta Giovanni Di Salvo Domenico Corrado Vladimiro LVida Massimo A.Padalino Department of Cardio-Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly Department of Woman and Child’s Health Pediatric CardiologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly Athens Heart Surgery Institute and Iaso Children’s Hospital AthensGreece Department for Cardiovascular Surgery University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department for Cardiovascular Surgery University Hospital BernBernSwitzerland Department of Congenital Cardiac Surgery IRCCS Policlinico San DonatoSan Donato MilaneseItaly Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease Hôpital Marie LannelongueUniversitéParis-SudLe Plessis-RobinsonFrance Deutsch Herz Zentrum MunichGermany Katholieke Universiteit Leuven LeuvenBelgium Cardiothoracic Surgery Hospital de Santa Marta Rua LisbonPortugal Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery Children’s Hospital of GeorgiaGeorgiaUSA Department of Cardiac Surgery University Hospital GhentGhentBelgium Division of Cardiac Surgery University Hospital Center of TiranaTiranaAlbania Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Hospital for Children and AdolescentsUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Congenital Cardiac Surgery Department Hospital Universitario La PazMadridSpain Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery National Institute of Cardio-Vascular Diseases-Children’s Heart CenterBratislavaSlovakia Division of Pediatric Cardiology Ospedale BrotzuCagliariItaly Division of Sport Medicine Ospedale Ca’FoncelloTrevisoItaly Department of Medicine Radiology ClinicUniversity of Padua Medical SchoolPadovaItaly

Background:Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery(AAOCA)is a congenital heart disease with a 0.3%−0.5%*** is challenging due to nonspecific clinical *** stratification and treatment are currently based on expert consensus and single-center case ***:Demographical and clinical data of AAOCA patients from 17 tertiary-care centers were *** imaging studies(Bidimensional echocardiography,coronary computed tomography angiography[CCTA]were *** correlations with anomalous coronary course and origin were ***:Data from 239 patients(42%males,mean age 15 y)affected by AAOCA were collected;154 had AAOCA involving the right coronary artery(AAORCA),62 the left(AAOLCA),23 other anomalies.211(88%)presented with an inter-arterial *** electrocardiogram(ECG)was abnormal in 37(16%).AAOCA was detected by transthoracic echocardiography and CCTA in 53%and 92%of patients,*** of the patients reported cardiac symptoms(119/239;50%),mostly during exercise in 121/178(68%).An ischemic response was demonstrated in 37/106(35%)and 16/31(52%)of patients undergoing ECG stress test and stress-rest single positron emission cardiac *** with AAORCA,patients with AAOLCA presented more frequently with syncope(18%vs.5%,P=0.002),in particular when associated with inter-arterial course(22%vs.5%,P<0.001).Conclusion:Diagnosis of AAOCA is a clinical challenge due to nonspecific clinical presentations and low sensitivity of first-line cardiac screening *** seems to be strictly correlated to AAOLCA with inter-arterial course.

关键词： Anomalous coronary arteries congenital echocardiography coronary computed tomography angiography

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Miniscope3D:optimized single-shot miniature 3D fluorescence microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 367-379页

作者： Kyrollos Yanny Nick Antipa William Liberti Sam Dehaeck Kristina Monakhova Fanglin Linda Liu Konlin Shen Ren Ng laura Waller UCB/UCSF Joint Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering&Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA TIPs Department Universite libre de Bruxelles(ULB)1050 BrusselsBelgium

Miniature fluorescence microscopes are a standard tool in systems ***,widefield miniature microscopes capture only 2D information,and modifications that enable 3D capabilities increase the size and weight and have poor resolution outside a narrow depth ***,we achieve the 3D capability by replacing the tube lens of a conventional 2D Miniscope with an optimized multifocal phase mask at the objective’s aperture *** the phase mask at the aperture stop significantly reduces the size of the device,and varying the focal lengths enables a uniform resolution across a wide depth *** phase mask encodes the 3D fluorescence intensity into a single 2D measurement,and the 3D volume is recovered by solving a sparsity-constrained inverse *** provide methods for designing and fabricating the phase mask and an efficient forward model that accounts for the fieldvarying aberrations in miniature *** demonstrate a prototype that is 17mm tall and weighs 2.5 grams,achieving 2.76μm lateral,and 15μm axial resolution across most of the 900×700×390μm^(3) volume at 40 volumes per *** performance is validated experimentally on resolution targets,dynamic biological samples,and mouse brain *** with existing miniature single-shot volume-capture implementations,our system is smaller and lighter and achieves a more than 2×better lateral and axial resolution throughout a 10×larger usable depth *** microscope design provides single-shot 3D imaging for applications where a compact platform matters,such as volumetric neural imaging in freely moving animals and 3D motion studies of dynamic samples in incubators and lab-on-a-chip devices.

关键词： enable resolution narrow

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Structure modification,antialgal,antiplasmodial,and toxic evaluations of a series of new marine-derived 14-membered resorcylic acid lactone derivatives

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2022年第1期4卷 88-97页

作者： Wei-Feng Xu Na-Na Wu Yan-Wei Wu Yue-Xuan Qi Mei-Yan Wei laura M.Pineda Michelle G.Ng Carmenza Spadafora Ji-Yong Zheng Ling Lu Chang-Yun Wang Yu-Cheng Gu Chang-Lun Shao Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs the Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of ChinaQingdao266003China Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao266237China State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute(LSMRI)Qingdao266237China Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Diseases Instituto de Investigaciones Científcas y Servicios de Alta TecnologíaCity of KnowledgeClaytonApartado0816-02852Panama Syngenta Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre BracknellBerkshireRG426EYUK

Marine natural products play critical roles in the chemical defense of many marine organisms and are essential,reputable sources of successful drug ***-seven 14-membered resorcylic acid lactone derivatives 3–27 and 30–71 of the natural product zeaenol(1)isolated from the marine-derived fungus Cochliobolus lunatus were semisynthesized by chlorination,acylation,esterification,and acetalization in one to three *** structures of these new derivatives were established by HRESIMS and NMR *** the compounds(1–71)were evaluated for their antialgal and antiplasmodial *** them,14 compounds displayed antifouling activities against adhesion of the fouling *** particular,9 and 34 exhibited strong and selective inhibitory effects against the diatoms Navicula laevissima and Navicula exigua(EC50=6.67 and 8.55μmol/L),respectively,which were similar in efficacy to those of the positive control SeaNine 211(EC50=2.90 and 9.74μmol/L).More importantly,38,39,and 69–71 showed potent antiplasmodial activities against Plasmodium falciparum with IC50 values ranging from 3.54 to 9.72μmol/*** interestingly,the five antiplasmodial derivatives displayed non-toxicity in the cytotoxicity assays and the zebrafish embryos model,thus,representing potential promising antiplasmodial drug *** preliminary structure–activity relationships indicated that biphenyl substituent at C-2,acetonide at positions C-5′and C-6′,and tri-or tetra-substituted of acyl groups increased the antiplasmodial ***,combining evaluation of chemical ecology with pharmacological models will be implemented as a systematic strategy,not only for environmentally friendly antifoulants but also for structurally novel drugs.

关键词： Marine natural product 14-Membered resorcylic acid lactone Zeaenol Semisynthesis Antialgal activity Antiplasmodial activity

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Leukocyte ABC-transporter A1 and LDL receptor play independent roles in atherosclerosis:the potential contribution of T cells

Leukocyte ABC-transporter A1 and LDL receptor play independe...

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第九届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Ying Zhao Jun Wang laura Calpe-Berdiel Amanda C.Foks bart Lammers Johan Kuiper Theo J.C.Van Berkel Miranda Van Eck Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology Soochow University Division of Biopharmaceutics Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug ResearchLeiden University Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences Soochow University

Background:LDL receptor(LDLr)and ABC-transporter A1(ABCA1)are two distinct players in cellular cholesterol *** recognizes apoprotein B100 and apoE in lipoproteins to mediate the uptake of cholesterol,while ABCA1 promotes excess cholesterol efttux to apoprotein ***:The present study aims to investigate whether LDLr deficiency influences the atheroprotective effects of leukocyte ABCA1 in *** and Results:LDLr-/-mice were transplanted with bone marrow from LDLr/ABCA1mice,LDLr/ABCA1/-mice,and their respective *** leukocyte ABCA1 deficiency reduced plasma cholesterol levels,after 8weeks of Western-type diet feeding,animals transplanted with LDLr/ABCA1and LDLr/ABCA1bone marrow developed 1.6-fold(p<0.01)and 1.4-fold(p<0.05)larger lesions,compared to their respective *** clearly indicates that the atheroprotection of leukocyte ABCA1 is not affected by ***-way ANOVA analysis also demonstrated that deletion of the leukocyte LDLr reduced lesion development(p<0.001),especially in the absence of leukocyte ***,leukocyte LDLr deficiency did not affect monocytosis,recruitment of moncocytes and macrophage foam cell ***,the deletion of leukocyte ABCA1 did reduce lymphocytosis and recruitment of T cells into the adventitia of lesions,associated with smaller lesion size in LDLr/ABCA1transplanted mice,indicating the potential contribution of lymphocytosis and recruitment ofT cells to ***:Leukocyte LDLr deficiency does not affect the atheroprotective effects of leukocyte ***,suppression of lymphocytosis and recruitment of T cells in the adventitia could contribute to the atheroprotection of Leukocyte LDLr deficiency and ABCA1.

关键词： LDL receptor ABCA1 lymphocytosis T lymphocytes atherosclerosis

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Leukocyte ABC-transporter A1 and LDL Receptor Play Independent Roles in Atherosclerosis： the Potential Contribution of T Cells

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中国动脉硬化杂志 2013年第9期21卷 I0075-I0075页

作者： Ying Zhao Jun Wang laura Calpe-Berdiel Amanda C. Foks bart Lammers Johan Kuiper Theo J.C. Van Berkel Miranda Van Eck Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China Division of Biopharmaeeutics leiden~Amsterdam Center for Drug Research leiden University leiden 2333 CCThe Netherlands Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China

Objective The present study aims to investigate whether LDL receptor (LDLR) deficiency influences the atheroprotective effects of leukocyte ABC-transporter A1 (ABCA1) in vivo. Methods and Results LDLR -/- mice were transplanted with bone marrow from LDLR -/-/ABCA1 -/- mice, LDLR + / +/ABCA1 -/- mice, and their respective controls. Although leukocyte ABCA1defi- ciency reduced plasma cholesterol levels, after 8 weeks of Western-type diet feeding, animals transplanted with LDLR / /ABCA1 /- and LDLR + / +/ABCA1 -/- bone marrow developed 1.6-fold ( P < 0. 01 ) and 1.4-fold ( P < 0. 05 ) larger lesions, compared to their respective controls. This clearly indicates that the atheroprotection of leukocyte ABCA1 is not affected by LDLR. Two-way ANOVA analysis also demonstrated that deletion of the leukocyte LDLR reduced lesion development ( P < 0. 001 ) , especially in the absence of leukocyte ABCA1. However, leukocyte LDLR deficiency does not affect monocytosis, recruitment of moncocytes and macrophage foam cell formation. Interestingly, the deletion of leukocyte ABCA1did reduce lymphocytosis and recruitment of T cells into the ad- ventitia of lesions. These effects are associated with smaller lesion size in LDLR -/-/ABCA1 -/- transplanted mice, indicating the potential contribution of lymphocytosis and recruitment of T cells to atherogenesis. Conclusions Leukocyte LDLR deficiency does not affect the atheroprotective effects of leukocyte ABCA1, and vice versa. Furthermore, suppression of lymphocytosis and T cell re- cruitment into the adventitia could contribute to the atheroprotection of leukocyte LDLR deficiency and ABCA1.

关键词：低密度脂蛋白受体动脉粥样硬化 ABCA1 白细胞减少 T细胞转运子单核细胞增多淋巴细胞

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Intravenous immune globulin suppresses angiogenesis in mice and humans

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2016年第1期1卷 141-148页

作者： Reo Yasuma Valeria Cicatiello Takeshi Mizutani laura Tudisco Younghee Kim Valeria Tarallo Sasha Bogdanovich Yoshio Hirano Nagaraj Kerur Shengjian Li Tetsuhiro Yasuma Benjamin J Fowler Charles B Wright Ivana Apicella Adelaide Greco Arturo Brunetti Balamurali K Ambati Sevim Barbasso Helmers Ingrid E Lundberg Ondrej Viklicky Jeanette HW Leusen J Sjef Verbeek Bradley D Gelfand Ana Bastos-Carvalho Sandro De Falco Jayakrishna Ambati Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Department of Ophthalmology Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan Angiogenesis Lab Institute of Genetics and Biophysics—CNRNaplesItaly Bio-Ker MultiMedica GroupNaplesItaly Department of Physiology University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples‘Federico II’NaplesItaly CEINGE—Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l.NaplesItaly Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Moran Eye CenterUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUTUSA Department of Ophthalmology Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Healthcare SystemSalt Lake CityUTUSA Rheumatology Unit Department of MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden Department of Nephrology Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 4Czech Republic Immunotherapy Laboratory Laboratory for Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Biomedical Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Department of Microbiology Immunologyand Molecular GeneticsUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA IRCCS MultiMedica MilanoItaly

Human intravenous immune globulin(IVIg),a purified IgG fraction composed of~60%IgG1 and obtained from the pooled plasma of thousands of donors,is clinically used for a wide range of *** biological actions of IVIg are incompletely understood and have been attributed both to the polyclonal antibodies therein and also to their IgG(IgG)Fc ***,we demonstrated that multiple therapeutic human IgG1 antibodies suppress angiogenesis in a target-independent manner via FcγRI,a high-affinity receptor for *** we show that IVIg possesses similar anti-angiogenic activity and inhibited blood vessel growth in five different mouse models of prevalent human diseases,namely,neovascular age-related macular degeneration,corneal neovascularization,colorectal cancer,fibrosarcoma and peripheral arterial ischemic *** was mediated by the Fc region of IVIg,required FcγRI and had similar potency in transgenic mice expressing human Fcγ***,IVIg therapy administered to humans for the treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases reduced kidney and muscle blood vessel *** data place IVIg,an agent approved by the US Food and Drug Administration,as a novel angioinhibitory drug in doses that are currently administered in the clinical *** addition,they raise the possibility of an unintended effect of IVIg on blood vessels.

关键词： doses inhibited degeneration

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Pseudopemphigoid as caused by topical drugs and pemphigus disease

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World Journal of Ophthalmology 2015年第1期5卷 1-15页

作者： laura C Huang James R Wong Javier Alonso-Llamazares Carlos H Nousari Victor L Perez Guillermo Amescua Carol L Karp Anat Galor Department of Ophthalmology Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery Miami Veterans Administration Medical CenterMiamiFL 33136United States Institute for Immunofluorescence Pompano BeachFL 33069United States Ameripath/Quest South Florida Pompano BeachFL 33069United States Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States Department of Ophthalmology Miami Veterans Administration Medical CenterMiamiFL 33136United States

Pseudopemphigoid can cause a chronic cicatricial conjunctivitis that is clinically identical to the manifestations seen in mucous membrane pemphigoid, a disorder with a common clinical phenotype and multiple autoimmune links. For the purpose of this review, we will describe pseudopemphigoid as caused by topical drugs, the most common etiology with ocular manifestations, and as caused by the pemphigus disease, a more rare etiology. Specifically, we will discuss the ophthalmological features of drug-induced cicatricial conjunctivitis, pemphigus vulgaris, and paraneoplastic pemphigus. Other etiologies of pseudopemphigoid exist that will not be described in this review including autoimmune or inflammatory conditions such as lichen planus, sarcoidosis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis(Wegener's granulomatosis), erythema multiforme(minor, major, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome), bullous pemphigoid, skin-dominated linear IgA bullous dermatosis, and skin-dominated epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Prompt diagnosis of the underlying etiology in pseudopemphigoid is paramount to the patient's outcome as certain diseases are associated with a more severe clinical course, increased ocular involvement, and differential response to treatment. A completehistory and ocular examination may find early cicatricial changes in the conjunctiva that are important to note and evaluate to avoid progression to more severe disease manifestations. When such cicatricial changes are noted, proper diagnostic techniques are needed to help elucidate a diagnosis. Lastly, collaboration between ophthalmologists and subspecialists such as dermatologists, pathologists, immunologists, and others involved in the care of the patient is needed to ensure optimal management of disease.

关键词： Pseudopemphigoid Mucous membrane pemphigoid Cicatricial conjunctivitis Pemphigus vulgaris Paraneoplastic pemphigus Drug-induced conjunctival cicatrization

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