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Combined and synergistic effects of climate change and urbanization on water quality in the Wolf Bay watershed,southern Alabama

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第2期30卷 107-121页

作者： Ruoyu Wang latif kalin Purdue University Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Auburn University School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences

This study investigated potential changes in flow, total suspended solid（TSS） and nutrient（nitrogen and phosphorous） loadings under future climate change, land use/cover（LULC）change and combined change scenarios in the Wolf Bay watershed, southern Alabama,USA. Four Global Circulation Models（GCMs） under three Special Report Emission Scenarios（SRES） of greenhouse gas were used to assess the future climate change（2016–2040）. Three projected LULC maps（2030） were employed to reflect different extents of urbanization in future. The individual, combined and synergistic impacts of LULC and climate change on water quantity/quality were analyzed by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool（SWAT）.Under the ＂climate change only＂ scenario, monthly distribution and projected variation of TSS are expected to follow a pattern similar to streamflow. Nutrients are influenced both by flow and management practices. The variation of Total Nitrogen（TN） and Total Phosphorous（TP） generally follow the flow trend as well. No evident difference in the N：P ratio was projected. Under the ＂LULC change only＂ scenario, TN was projected to decrease,mainly due to the shrinkage of croplands. TP will increase in fall and winter. The N：P ratio shows a strong decreasing potential. Under the ＂combined change＂ scenario, LULC and climate change effect were considered simultaneously. Results indicate that if future loadings are expected to increase/decrease under any individual scenario, then the combined change will intensify that trend. Conversely, if their effects are in opposite directions, an offsetting effect occurs. Science-based management practices are needed to reduce nutrient loadings to the Bay.

关键词： Climate change Urbanization Sediment Nutrients SWAT

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Impacts of urban headwater disturbances on downstream sediment loading where streamside management zones for forest harvesting activities are present downstream

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第4期32卷 555-563页

作者： Ilkim Cavus latif kalin Ferhat Kara Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs.General Directorate of Combating Desertification and Erosion Auburn University School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Kastamonu University Faculty of Forestry

Watershed disturbances caused by land use/land cover(LU/LC) change, intensive forestry practices, and other forms of watershed disturbance are known to negatively affect water quality, if best management practices(BMPs) are not present. Disturbances near or around headwaters where BMPs are absent or are inadequate may impact downstream water quality and stream ecology regardless of the presence of downstream BMPs. In this study, the recovery of two small forest-dominated watersheds(Ww and Ew) in Auburn, Alabama, USA, was monitored 6-years after a partial clearcut was done. The streamside management zone(SMZ) in Ww was also partially harvested shortly after the partial clearcut to improve its sediment trapping effectiveness over the long-term. The hydrology and sediment transport in these watersheds were expected to stabilize over this period, however, new disturbances in the headwaters of both watersheds changed the watershed dynamics. Streamflow and sediment load were examined over a15-month period from February 2014 to May 2015. The clearcut in Ww and Ew, and the partially harvested SMZ in Ww seemed to have recovered; however, substantial amount of sediment load were measured across all monitoring sites in both watersheds as a result of upstream disturbances. This study emphasizes the necessity of watershed management as a whole, and the importance of BMP applications within the entire watershed. It also highlights the fact that watershed management and BMP implementation is a dynamic process, thus, strategies and techniques need to be continuously adapted in response to environmental changes.

关键词： Headwater disturbances Best management practices Sediment load Southeast USA

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Phosphorus limitation on CO_(2)fertilization effect in tropical forests informed by a coupled biogeochemical model

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 502-515页

作者： Zhuonan Wang Hanqin Tian Shufen Pan Hao Shi Jia Yang Naishen Liang latif kalin Christopher Anderson Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and SocietyBoston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Department of Engineering Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Center for Global Environmental Research(CGER) National Institute for Environmental Studies(NIES)TsukubaIbaraki305-8506Japan College of Forestry Wildlife and EnvironmentAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA

Tropical forests store more than half of the world's terrestrial carbon(C)pool and account for one-third of global net primary productivity(NPP).Many terrestrial biosphere models(TBMs)estimate increased productivity in tropical forests throughout the 21st century due to CO_(2)***,phosphorus(P)liaitations on vegetation photosynthesis and productivity could significantly reduce the CO_(2)fertilization ***,we used a carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus coupled model(Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model;DLEM-CNP)with heterogeneous maximum carboxylation rates to examine how P limitation has affected C fluxes in tropical forests *** model results showed that the inclusion of the P processes enhanced model performance in simulating ecosystem *** further compared the simulations from DLEM-CNP,DLEM-CN,and DLEMC and the results showed that the inclusion of P processes reduced the CO_(2)fertilization effect on gross primary production(GPP)by 25%and 45%,and net ecosystem production(NEP)by 28%and 41%,respectively,relative to CN-only and C-on ly *** the 1860s to the 2010s,the DLEM-CNP estimated that in tropical forests GPP increased by 17%,plant respiration(Ra)increased by 18%,ecosystem respiration(Rh)increased by 13%,NEP increased by 121%per unit area,***,factorial experiments with DLEM-CNP showed that the enhanced NPP benefiting from the CO_(2) fertilization effect had been offset by 135%due to deforestation from the 1860s to the *** study highlights the importance of P limitation on the C cycle and the weakened CO_(2)fertilization effect resulting from P limitation in tropical forests.

关键词： Tropical forests Carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus model Phosphorus limitation CO_(2)fertilization effect Terrestfial ecosy stem model

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The simplest way to get a cluster's parameters in the Gaia era(Dolidze 41)

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第12期18卷 137-142页

作者： Ashraf latif Tadross National Research Institute of Astronomy&Geophysics 11421-HelwanCairoEgypt

The astro-photometric parameters of the open star cluster Dolidze 41, which is located in the constellation Cygnus, have been investigated using the Gaia DR2 large survey that is merged with the near infrared Two Micron All Sky Survey(2 MASS) *** radial density distribution(limited,core and tidal radii), color-magnitude diagrams, galactocentric coordinates, distances, color excess and age of Dolidze 41 are *** Gaia DR2 astrometry helped us to define the membership of the cluster stars *** luminosity and mass functions, the entire luminosity and mass, and the relaxation time of the cluster have been estimated as well.

关键词： (Galaxy:) open clusters and associations:individual(Dolidze 41) photometry:Color-Magnitude Diagram astrometry stars:luminosity function mass function astronomical data bases:miscellaneous

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First PPMXL photometric analysis of open cluster Ruprecht 15

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第2期12卷 158-166页

作者： Ashraf latif Tadross National Research Institute of Astronomy & Geophysics

We present the first in a series studying the astrophysical parameters of open clusters using the PPMXL＊ database whose data are applied to study Ruprecht 15. The astrophysical parameters of Ruprecht 15 have been est... 详细信息

关键词： open clusters and associations (individual: Ruprecht 15) -- astrometry-- stars -- astronomical databases: catalogs

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Andrographolide as a potent and promising antiviral agent

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2020年第10期18卷 760-769页

作者： latif Reshi Wang Chi-Yong Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinaiy MedicineNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227TaiwanChina

Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid extracted and purified from the aerial parts of plants belonging to genus Andrographis(Acanthaceae).The research has shown the plant based compound is low cytotoxic,having antimicrobial,anti-cancer,antiviral and anti-parasitic *** both prevent spread as well as transmission of virus to neighboring cells by interfering with different cell signaling *** addition to its medicinal value,plant has been found having nutritional *** being cost effective,easy availability and having nutritional value as a natural supplement,can be used to improve the quality of life in countries having low standard of *** to the limited number of effective vaccines,the plant-based antiviral drugs have provided considerable hope for fighting against the viral *** plant-derived compound when produced in large quantities is cost effective with low cytotoxic ***,much deep insight research at the molecular level is needed to develop the molecules against the viral *** paper aims to highlight the antiviral role of Andrographolide that can made significant contributions toward the improvement of human health and will also summarize the current status and future strategies concerning the therapeutic applications of Andrographolide to combat different viral disease in humans.

关键词： Andrographolide Vaccines Antiviral drugs Antimicrobial Life cycle Viral infection

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Visible light communication： applications, architecture, standardization and research challenges

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Digital Communications and Networks 2017年第2期3卷 78-88页

作者： latif Ullah Khan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering & Technology Peshawar Pakistan

The Radio Frequency （RF） communication suffers from interference and high latency issues. Along with this, RF communication requires a separate setup for transmission and reception of RF waves. Overcoming the above limitations, Visible Light Communication （VLC） is a preferred communication technique because of its high bandwidth and immunity to interference from electromagnetic sources. The revolution in the field of solid state lighting leads to the replacement of florescent lamps by Light Emitting Diodes （LEDs） which further motivates the usage of VLC. This paper presents a survey of the potential applications, architecture, modulation techniques, standardization and research challenges in VLC.

关键词： VLC LEDs Li-Fi OOK PWM PPM CSK

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Bivariate joint distribution analysis of the flood characteristics under semiparametric copula distribution framework for the Kelantan River basin in Malaysia

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2021年第2期6卷 128-145页

作者： Shahid latif Firuza Mustafa Department of Geography University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

Flood is becoming the severe hydrologic issue at the Kelantan River basin in *** joint distribution analysis amongst multiple interacting flood characteristics,i.e.,flood peak discharge flow,volume,and duration series usually provide a comprehensive understanding of the hydrologic risk assessments through visualizing the multivariate exceedance probability or return *** traditional copulas-based methodology is frequently employed under parametric settings where parametric family functions are often employed to model univari-ate marginal distribution before capturing their dependence ***,no universal rules and literature are imposed to model any flood vectors through any fixed or predefined density function,which would follow the different distribution and needs to model by fitting most parsimonious ***,the copula function already relaxes the restriction of selecting marginal distributions from the same distribution ***,incorporation of non-parametric kernel density estimations or KDE would be much stable and less biased smoothing alternatives than the parametric *** this literature,the semi-parametric copula-based methodology is incorporated,where the flood marginals are modelled under the kernel functions and applied as a case study for 50 years annual maximum(AM)flood samples of the Kelantan River basin at the Gulliemard Bridge gauge station in *** Archimedean families copulas(i.e.,Frank,Gumbel and Clayton)and Elliptical copula(i.e.,Gaussian copula)are tested,and thus best-fitted copulas are employed to model the bivariate joint distribution amongst flood characteristics,and which further employed to derive joint and conditional return periods.

关键词： Flood Kelantan River basin Semiparametric Copulas framework Nonparametric marginal distribution Kernel density estimation Return periods

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Human and animal sarcocystosis in Malaysia: A review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第11期6卷 982-988页

作者： Baha latif Azdayanti Muslim Parasitology Discipline Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA

Sarcocystosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a coccidian intracellular protozoan parasite of the genus Sarcocystis. More than 200 Sarcocystis species have been recorded and the parasites are found in mammals, birds and reptiles. They require two hosts to complete their life cycle. In Malaysia, sarcocystosis was reported as a potential emerging food and water-borne disease after a series of large outbreak of human infections. There was not enough attention given before even though it was reported in both humans and *** first human case of invasive muscular sarcocystosis among local Malaysian was reported in 1975. Besides, a retrospective autopsy examination on 100 tongues revealed21% positive cases. On top of that, a sero-epidemiological survey conducted in 243 subjects in West Malaysia showed that 19.7% had Sarcocystis antibodies. The clinical symptoms of muscular sarcocystosis were first described comprehensively in ***, many types of animals including livestock were found harbor the sarcocysts in their tissue. The first case of human intestinal sarcocystosis was reported in 2014. This review indicates that human sarcocystosis is currently endemic in Malaysia and parallel to that reported in animals. However, more studies and investigations need to be conducted since the source of human infection remains unknown.

关键词： Sarcocystosis Zoonosis Human Animal Malaysia

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Interactive map reports summarizing bivariate geographic data

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Visual Informatics 2019年第1期3卷 27-37页

作者： Shahid latif Fabian Beck University of Duisburg–Essen paluno–The Ruhr Institute of Software TechnologyGermany

Bivariate map visualizations use different encodings to visualize two variables but comparison across multiple encodings is *** to a univariate visualization,it is significantly harder to read regional differences and spot geographical *** targeting inexperienced users of visualizations,we advocate the use of natural language text for augmenting map visualizations and understanding the relationship between two geo-statistical *** propose an approach that selects interesting findings from data analysis,generates a respective text and visualization,and integrates both into a single *** generated reports interactively link the visualization with the textual *** can get additional explanations and have the ability to compare different *** text generation process is flexible and adapts to various geographical and contextual settings based on small sets of *** showcase this flexibility through a number of application examples.

关键词： Geographic visualization Natural language generation Interactive documents

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