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<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>Induction Causes Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Isozyme Variations in Mangroves without Wilt

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第10期4卷 1968-1975页

作者： Sasidharan Sreedevi sreedharan Sajith Kulangara Nanu Remani Sailas Benjamin Environ- mental Studies Division Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM) Calicut India. Enzyme Technology Laboratory Biotechnology Division Department of Botany University of Calicut Calicut India

We evaluated the effects of Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs) induced biotic stress in three mangroves, viz., Avicennia officinalis, Derris trifoliata and Excoecaria agallocha. These plants were grown in pots as well as hydroponic systems with sufficient controls, and about 8 × 104 colony forming units of Rs suspension was injected into the healthy test plants (saplings). The plants were subjected to biochemical and isozyme analyses. Upon induction of Rs stress, highly significant (p 0.01) biochemical changes (%) were noticed in respect to controls: carbohydrate content was generally high (24-36) in all plants;hydroponic mangroves showed higher starch content, mangroves under hydroponic system showed increased reducing sugars (29-46), almost all mangroves showed increased protein content;phenolics showed a swing of decrease or increase between plants grown in pot and hydroponic systems;and all plants in general showed higher proline content. Regarding oxidative stress isozymes (OSE) and superoxide dismutase (EC1.***.1.1), mangroves showed 1 or 2 additional isozymes with comparable relative mobility;similarly 1 or 2 additional peroxidase (EC1.***.1.7) isozymes were found in mangroves grown under hydroponic system. Briefly, Rs induced biotic stress did not cause any wilt symptom in all the 3 mangroves tested, but their normal biochemical and OSE patterns, especially of those grown as hydroponics were elicited to significantly higher levels.

关键词： R. solanacearum Avicennia officinalis L. Derris trifoliata Lour. Excoecaria agallocha L.

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Optimization of Parameters for the Production of Lipase from Pseudomonas sp. BUP6 by Solid State Fermentation

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2014年第4期2卷 125-133页

作者： Panichikkal Abdul Faisal Erandapurthukadumana sreedharan Hareesh Prakasan Priji Kizhakkepowathial Nair Unni sreedharan Sajith Sasidharan Sreedevi Moolakkariyil Sarath Josh Sailas Benjamin Enzyme Technology Laboratory Biotechnology Division Department of Botany University of Calicut Kerala India

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) holds tremendous potentials for the production of industrially significant enzymes. The present study describes the production of lipase by a novel rumen bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. strain BUP6 on agro-industrial residues. Pseudomonas sp. strain BUP6 showed higher lipase production when grown in Basal salt medium (BSM) supplemented with oil cakes. Initially, five different oil cakes (obtained after extracting oil from coconut, groundnut, cotton seed, gingelly or soybean) were screened to find out the most suitable substrate-cum-inducer for the production of lipase. Among them, groundnut cake supported the maximum production of lipase (107.44 U/gds). Box-Behnken Design (BBD), followed by response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the culture parameters for maximizing the production of lipase. Using the software Minitab 14, four different parameters like temperature, pH, moisture content and incubation time were selected for the statistical optimization, which resulted in 0.7 fold increase (i.e., 180.75 U/gds) in production of lipase under the optimum culture conditions (temperature 28°C, pH 5.9, moisture 33% and incubation 2 d). Thus, this study signifies the importance of SSF for the production of industrially-significant lipase using agro-industrial residues as solid support.

关键词： Lipase Solid-State Fermentation Basal Salt Medium Oil Cakes Response Surface Methodology

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标准·方案·指南--全科医疗对下肢静脉溃疡的管理指南

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中国全科医学 2014年第33期17卷 3903-3905页

作者： Sankar Sinha Sadhishaan sreedharan 本刊编辑部 School of Medicine University of TasmaniaHobart University of Notre Dame Australia School of Medicine Sydney New South Wales Royal Hobart Hospital Hobart TAS

背景慢性下肢静脉溃疡是全科医疗中最常见的伤口,其管理既具有挑战性,又十分耗时。目的介绍包含TIME概念和A2BC2D方法的简短实用指南,帮助全科医生和护士对慢性下肢静脉溃疡患者开展基于循证医学的照护。讨论慢性溃疡的有效管理涉及对... 详细信息

背景慢性下肢静脉溃疡是全科医疗中最常见的伤口,其管理既具有挑战性,又十分耗时。目的介绍包含TIME概念和A2BC2D方法的简短实用指南,帮助全科医生和护士对慢性下肢静脉溃疡患者开展基于循证医学的照护。讨论慢性溃疡的有效管理涉及对溃疡和患者的评估。管理的基本要求是采取适当的措施清除溃疡,选择合适的敷料以保持恰当的水分平衡,在对动脉循环进行评估后,应用渐进压力绷带以及解决患者关心的问题,例如疼痛和令人讨厌的伤口分泌物。结论遵循本文提出的简单、基于循证的方法,大多数慢性下肢静脉溃疡患者可以在全科诊所得到有效管理。

关键词：下肢静脉溃疡 A2BC2D 全科医疗指南 TIME

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Structural and molecular features of intestinal strictures in rats with Crohn's-like disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第22期22卷 5154-5164页

作者： Petra Talapka Anikó Berkó Lajos István Nagy lalitha Chandrakumar Mária Bagyánszki László Géza Puskás éva Fekete Nikolett Bódi Department of Physiology Anatomy and Neuroscience Faculty of Sciences and Informatics University of Szeged H-6726 Szeged Hungary Avidin Ltd. H-6726 Szeged Hungary

AIM: To develop a new rat model we wanted to gain a better understanding of stricture formation in Crohn’s disease (CD).METHODS: Chronic colitis was induced locally by the administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). The relapsing inflammation characteristic to CD was mimicked by repeated TNBS treatments. Animals were randomly divided into control, once, twice and three times TNBS-treated groups. Control animals received an enema of saline. Tissue samples were taken from the strictured colonic segments and also adjacent proximally and distally to its 60, 90 or 120 d after the last TNBS or saline administrations. The frequency and macroscopic extent of the strictures were measured on digital photographs. The structural features of strictured gut wall were studied by light- and electron microscopy. Inflammation related alterations in TGF-beta 2 and 3, matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP9) and TIMP1 mRNA and protein expression were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis. The quantitative distribution of caspase 9 was determined by post-embedding ***: Intestinal strictures first appeared 60 d after TNBS treatments and the frequency of them increased up to day 120. From day 90 an intact lamina epithelialis, reversible thickening of lamina muscularis mucosae and irreversible thickening of the muscularis externa were demonstrated in the strictured colonic segments. Nevertheless the morphological signs of apoptosis were frequently seen and excess extracellular matrix deposition was recorded between smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Enhanced caspase 9 expression on day 90 in the SMCs and on day 120 also in myenteric neurons indicated the induction of apoptosis. The mRNA expression profile of TGF-betas after repeated TNBS doses was characteristic to CD, TGF-beta 2, but not TGF-beta 3 was up-regulated. Overexpression of MMP9 and down-regulation of TIMP1 were demonstrated. The progressive increase in the amount

关键词： Crohn’ s disease Rat model TGF-beta Intestinal strictures MMP9 TIMP1

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Anti-Nociceptive Effect in Mice of Thillai Flavonoid Rutin

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014年第4期27卷 295-299页

作者： Gurudeeban Selvaraj Satyavani Kaliamurthi Ramanathan Thirungnasambandam lalitha Vivekanandan Balasubramanian Thangavel Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai University Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute Erode Tamil Nadu India

We investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of Excoecorio ogollocho （***） against chemically and thermally induced nociception, Albino mice received a dose of 10, 15, 20, or 25 mg/kg of alkaline chloroform fraction （Alk-CF） of *** by oral administration. Compared with controls, AIk-CF decreased the writhing numbers （P〈0.01） in a dose dependent manner. Further we determined that, AIk-CF contained, a potent compared to control, also potent anti-nociceptive agent that acted via opioid receptors and using HPLC, identified this compound as Rutin. Docking simulation demonstrated that Rutin interacted strongly with cyclooxygenase, forming a number of specific hydrogen bonds. In conclusion we have identified peripheral and central anti-nociceptive activities of *** that involve opioid receptor, and in which the active compound is Rutin.

关键词： Anti-Nociceptive Effect in Mice of Thillai Flavonoid Rutin CF HIS oral RMSD

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Soft Computing: Fuzzy Logic Approach in Wireless Sensors Networks

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Circuits and Systems 2016年第8期7卷 1242-1249页

作者： M. Vinoth Kumar Dr. T. lalitha Department of Computer Science and Engineering AVS Engineering College Salem India Sona College of Technology Salem India

The recent growth of communication and sensor technology results in the enlargement of a new attractive and challenging area-wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A network comprising of several minute wireless sensor nodes which are organized in a dense manner is called as a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Every node estimates the state of its surroundings in this network. The estimated results are then converted into the signal form in order to determine the features related to this technique after the processing of the signals. It’s high computational environment with limited and controlled broadcast range, processing, as well as limited energy. The embedded soft computing approach in wireless sensor networks is suggested. This approach means a grouping of embedded fuzzy logic and neural networks models for information processing in complex environment with unsure, rough, fuzzy measuring data. It is generalization of soft computing concept for the embedded, distributed, adaptive systems.

关键词： Embedded Fuzzy Logic Data Fusion Clusterization Aggregation Fuzzy Distributed Knowledge Base Sensor

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Design and in vitro evaluation of controlled release alginate beads of diltiazem hydrochloride

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第4期2卷 46-49页

作者： D.Nagasamy Venkatesh A.Kalaivani Kritika D.Kalro lalitha Chintha James Tharani M.K.Samanta B.Suresh Department of Pharmaceutics JSS College of PharmacyOOTY-643001Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:Oral slow and sustained release drug delivery system can release their drug content with a controlled manner,producing a desirable blood serum level,reduction in drug toxicity and improving the patient compliance by prolonging dosing *** major drawback of orally administered drug like diltiazem as a calcium channel blocker for the treatment of angina pectoris,arrhythmia and *** has higher aqueous solubility and shorter elimination ***:To overcome these drawbacks associated with diltiazem,an attempt has been made to develop a sustained release dosage form of diltiazem embedded alginate microbeads by ionotropic gelation technique employing various concentrations of polymer and keeping the drug concentration ***:The beads were characterized for its particle size,drug content and in vitro release studies. The results revealed that the surface adhering drug was found to release immediately and a steady state of release was obtained up to 12 h from all the *** results indicated there was an inverse relationship between the concentration of alginate and drug *** drug release was found to follow non-fickian diffusion obeying first order ***:The developed alginate microbeads offered a sustained release of diltiazem. Hence,the formulated microbeads were found to be potential,cost effective,possess satisfactory in vitro release studies.

关键词： Sodium alginate Diltiazem Microbeads Ionotropic gelation technique Peppa’s model

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Rubber Seed Kernel as Potent Solid Substrate for the Production of Lipase by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain BUP2

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2015年第2期3卷 31-38页

作者： K. N. Unni Panichikkal Abdul Faisal Prakasan Priji sreedharan Sajith sreedharan Sreedevi E. S. Hareesh Trikariyoor Asokan Nidheesh Roy Sailas Benjamin Enzyme Technology Laboratory School of Biosciences University of Calicut Kerala India

This study explored the utility of flours of rubber seed, coconut and groundnut kernels, and de-oiled cakes of coconut and groundnut as solid substrate for the production of lipase by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain BUP2 (MTCC No. 5924), a novel bacterium reported from the rumen of Malabari goat. Various proportions (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50%) of flours or cakes were prepared (w/v) with BUP medium (pH 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8), and incubated at different temperature (25°C, 28°C, 30°C or 32°C) for 24 to 96 h. The samples were assayed for lipase activity at 24 h intervals. The rubber seed flour (20%)-BUP medium supported the maximum lipase production (871 U/gds) at 48h incubation (pH 6, 28°C), followed by ground nut flour (398 U/gds), while ground nut cake supported the least lipase production (244 U/gds). From this, it is evident that the cheaply available rubber seed is an efficient substrate for the production of lipase, irrespective of its known demerit that it contains the limarin, a toxin;in fact, we could not detect limarin in the fermented matter. Thus, the utility of rubber seed for the production of a costly enzyme is reported from a novel rumen bacterium, which would be advantageous for rubber farmers.

关键词： Pseudomonas aeruginosa BUP2 Lipase Solid-State Fermentation BUP Medium Rubber Seed Flour

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Mushroom Tyrosinase Inhibition and Antimelanogenesis Activities of <i>Bacopa monnieri</i>(L.) Methanol Extract in B16F10 Melanoma Cells

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第5期8卷 189-202页

作者： T. N. Shamu Junna lalitha Manohar Shinde Department of Studies & Research in Biochemistry Tumkur University Tumakuru Karnataka State India Department of Biochemistry Gulbarga University Kalaburagi Karnataka State India

Melanocytes that form stratum basale of skin epidermis express tyrosinase enzyme, which catalyzes initial two rate-limiting steps in the biotransformation of tyrosine into dark pigment called melanin. Even today, Tyrosinase inhibitors are among the promising candidates in cosmetic industry for skin-lightening formulations. Overexpression of tyrosinase causes excess melanin biosynthesis and deposition resulting in dark skin color. Moreover, localized overexpression of tyrosinase cause variety of hyperpigmentation disorders like melanoma, melasma, chloasma, dark patches, liver patches, etc. There has been a renewed interest in the natural products as main ingredients in the formulation of safe products for skin-whitening and treatment options for hyperpigmentation disorders. In the present communication, the results of our investigations on tyrosinase inhibition, modulation of intracellular tyrosinase and melanin levels in cultured B16F10 melanoma cells by Bacopa monnieri (L.) methanol extract (BME) are presented and discussed as safe option for skin lightening and to treat hyperpigmentation disorders. BME showed 11%, 29%, 54% and 80% inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity at an initial 100, 200, 400 and 600 μg of extract. Treatment of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) stimulated cultured murine melanoma B16F10 cells with 100 μg/ml of the extract showed a decrease in the levels of cellular melanin and cellular tyrosinase content by 22% and 46% respectively. The cytotoxicity studies by MTT assay revealed that the LC50 of the BME is ≥1000 μg/ml in cultured mouse melanoma B16F10 and HEK293 cells.

关键词： Tyrosinase Bacopa monieri B16F10 Cells Melanin α-MSH

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Anteroposterior Airway Diameter during Sedation for Brain MRI in Children with and without Developmental Disabilities

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2014年第8期4卷 191-196页

作者： Nirupama Kannikeswaran Swati Mody Xinguang Chen Marwan Zidan lalitha Sivaswamy Wayne State University School of Medicine Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Division of Emergency Medicine Children’s Hospital of Michigan Detroit MI USA Wayne State University School of Medicine Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Division of Neurology Children’s Hospital of Michigan Detroit MI USA Wayne State University School of Medicine Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Radiology Children’s Hospital of Michigan Detroit MI USA Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit MI USA Wayne State University Detroit MI USA

Objective: Our study objective was to compare the anteroposterior (AP) oropharyngeal airway diameter measured using static MRI images in children with and without developmental disabilities during sedation. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis on a prospective, observational age-matched, 1:2 case-control study of children aged 3 - 10 years who were sedated for brain MRI. AP airway diameters were determined at the level of soft palate (airway_SP) and tongue (airway_T) from midline sagittal images by a single blinded radiologist. Results: Airway diameter was evaluated in 134 controls (C) and 68 cases (D). There was no difference in the overall adverse events (D: 30% C: 32.9%;p = 0.7) as well as hypoxia (D: 10%;C: 9.3%, p = 0.9). There was no significant difference in mean airway_T (D: 10.62 ± 3.48 vs. C: 10.38 ± 3.47;p = 0.64) and airway_SP diameter (D: 4.59 ± 2.36 vs. C: 5.17 ± 3.9;p = 0.14) between the two groups. There was no significant difference in airway_T and airway_SP diameters amongst those who experienced and those who did not experience hypoxia in cases. Amongst controls however, the airway_SP was smaller in those who experienced hypoxia compared to those who did not experience hypoxia. Conclusions: There was no difference in the AP airway_T and airway_SP diameter during sedation using static MRI images in children with and without developmental disabilities. Changes in airway_SP was associated with hypoxia amongst controls in our study cohort.

关键词： Sedation Magnetic Resonance Imaging Airway Diameter Developmental Disabilities Children

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