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A solution scan of societal options to reduce transmission and spread of respiratory viruses:sARs-CoV-2 as a case study

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第2期3卷 84-90页

作者： William J.sutherland Nigel G.Taylor David C.Aldridge Philip Martin Catherine Rhodes Gorm shackelford simon Beard Haydn Belfield Andrew J.Bladon Cameron Brick Alec P.Christie Andrew P.Dobson Harriet Downey Amelia s.C.Hood Fangyuan Hua Alice C.Hughes Rebecca M.Jarvis Douglas MacFarlane William H.Morgan Anne-ChristineMupepele stefan J.Marciniak Cassidy Nelson seánÓhÉigeartaigh Clarissa Rios Rojas Katherine A.sainsbury Rebecca K.smith lalitha s.sundaram Ann Thornton John Watkins Thomas B.White Kate Willott silviu O.Petrovan BioRIsC(Biosecurity Research Initiative at st Catharine’s) St Catharine’s CollegeCambridge CB21RLUK Department of Zoology University of CambridgeThe David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StreetCambridge CB23QZUK Tour du Valat Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands13200 ArlesFrance Centre for the study of Existential Risk University of CambridgeCB21SBUK Department of social Psychology University of AmsterdamNieuwe Achtergracht 129 B1018 WT AmsterdamNetherlands Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 117 Eno HallPrinceton UniversityNJ 08544USA Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871PR China Centre for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXishuangbannaYunnan 666303PR China Te Kura Putaiao-school of science Auckland University of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand school of Psychological sciences University of Western AustraliaPerth35 Stirling HwyCrawley WA 6009Australia Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology Biometry and Environmental System AnalysisUniversity of FreiburgGermany Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of CambridgeCambridge Biomedical CampusThe Keith Peters BuildingHills RoadCambridge CB20XYUK Future of Humanity Institute University of OxfordOxford OX11PTUK Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationUniversity of Alberta2-130V Van Vliet 21 Complex(University Hall)EdmontonAlberta T6G 2H9Canada Division of Population Medicine School of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiff CF144YSUK

societal biosecurity–measures built into everyday society to minimize risks from pests and diseases–is an important aspect of managing epidemics and *** aimed to identify societal options for reducing the transmission and spread of respiratory *** used sARs-CoV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)as a case study to meet the immediate need to manage the COVID-19 pandemic and eventually transition to more normal societal conditions,and to catalog options for managing similar pandemics in the *** used a‘solution scanning’*** read the literature;consulted psychology,public health,medical,and solution scanning experts;crowd-sourced options using social media;and collated comments on a ***,we present a list of 519 possible measures to reduce sARs-CoV-2 transmission and *** provide a long list of options for policymakers and businesses to consider when designing biosecurity plans to combat sARs-CoV-2 and similar pathogens in the *** also developed an online application to help with this *** encourage testing of actions,documentation of outcomes,revisions to the current list,and the addition of further options.

关键词： Biosecurity Coronavirus COVID-19 Disease control New normal Public health

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INTERFERENCE EFFECTs OBsERVED IN PHOTOREFLECTANCE sPECTRA

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真空科学与技术学报 1992年第Z1期23卷 175-178页

作者： M.Kallergi J.Aubel s.sundaram Physics Department University of South Florida Florida 33620 U.S.A.Physics Department University of South Florida Florida 33620 U.S.A.Physics Department University of South Florida Florida 33620 U.S.A.

The nature of the interference observed in photoreflectance spectra from epitaxial multilayer structures is clarified.

关键词：公切目力改址

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美国 Northrop 公司研制新的红外对抗系统

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激光与红外 1985年第4期 57-58页

作者： Gowri s.sundaram

美国Northrop公司进入现役红外对抗领域是在越南战争期间,当时美国空军与该公司签订了一个紧急合同,研制和生产这种红外对抗系统供迅速用来装配美国空军飞机以防御新近服役的苏制红外寻的导弹。因为具有强红外特性的美国飞机如EB-66特... 详细信息

美国Northrop公司进入现役红外对抗领域是在越南战争期间,当时美国空军与该公司签订了一个紧急合同,研制和生产这种红外对抗系统供迅速用来装配美国空军飞机以防御新近服役的苏制红外寻的导弹。因为具有强红外特性的美国飞机如EB-66特别容易受到这种热寻的sAM导弹的致命攻击。Northrop生产了AN/AAQ-4内部安装红外干扰发射机以对抗新的威胁。它在越南战争后期已广泛用于东南亚,并证明在诱惑新红外导弹方面很有效。AN/AAQ-4用远景铯红外源产生高度有效的干扰发射信号。干扰发射机长84cm,直径33cm和重63.5kg。为亚音速应用设计的这种

关键词： Northrop 红外对抗干扰发射机美国空军红外特性越南战争红外源调制技术吊舱发射装置

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Atypical causes of cholestasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9418-9426页

作者： Ken D Nguyen Vinay sundaram Walid s Ayoub Department of Internal Medicine Cedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Multi Organ Transplant CenterCedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

Cholestatic liver disease consists of a variety of disorders. Primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis are the most commonly recognized cholestatic liver disease in the adult population, while biliary atresia and Alagille syndrome are commonly recognized in the pediatric population. In infants, the causes are usually congenital or inherited. Even though jaundice is a hallmark of cholestasis, it is not always seen in adult patients with chronic liver disease. Patients can have “silent” progressive cholestatic liver disease for years prior to development of symptoms such as jaundice and pruritus. In this review, we will discuss some of the atypical causes of cholestatic liver disease such as benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, Alagille syndrome, biliary atresia, total parenteral nutrition induced cholestasis and cholestasis secondary to drug induced liver injury.

关键词： Cholestasis Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis Alagille syndrome Biliary atresia Total parenteral nutrition Drug induced liver injury

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Theoretical prediction and validation of global horizontal solar irradiance for a tropical climate in India

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Frontiers in Energy 2015年第3期9卷 311-321页

作者： sivasankari sundaram Jakka sARAT CHANDRA BABU Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli 620015 India

This paper aims to propose monthly models responsible for the theoretical evaluation of the global horizontal irradiance of a tropical region in India which is sivagangai situated in Tamilnadu. The actual measured global horizontal irradiance hails from a 5 MW solar power plant station located at sivagangai in Tamilnadu. The data were monitored from May 2011 to April 2013. The theoretical assessment was conducted differently by employing a programming platform called Microsoft Visual Basic 2010 Express. A graphical user interface was created using Visual Basic 2010 Express, which provided the evaluation of empirical parameters for model formulation such as daily sunshine duration （5）, maximum possible sunshine hour duration （s0）, extra terrestrial horizontal global irradiance （H0） and extra terrestrial direct normal irradiance （G0）. The proposed regression models were validated by the significance of statistical indicators such as mean bias error, root mean square error and mean percentage error from the predicted and the actual values for the region considered. Comparison was made between the proposed monthly models and the existing normalized models for global horizontal irradiance evaluation.

关键词： global horizontal irradiance (GHI) mean biaserror root mean square error mean percentage error,coefficient of regression Visual Basic 2010 Express

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Metaheuristics with Optimal Deep Transfer Learning Based Copy-Move Forgery Detection Technique

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Intelligent Automation & soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 881-899页

作者： C.D.Prem Kumar s.saravana sundaram Department of Information Technology Hindusthan College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641032TamilnaduIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Hindusthan College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641032TamilnaduIndia

The extensive availability of advanced digital image technologies and image editing tools has simplified the way of manipulating the image *** effective technique for tampering the identification is the copy-move *** image processing techniques generally search for the patterns linked to the fake content and restrict the usage in massive data ***-ingly,deep learning(DL)models have demonstrated significant performance over the other statistical *** this motivation,this paper presents an Optimal Deep Transfer Learning based Copy Move Forgery Detection(ODTL-CMFD)*** presented ODTL-CMFD technique aims to derive a DL model for the classification of target images into the original and the forged/tampered,and then localize the copy moved *** perform the feature extraction process,the political optimizer(PO)with Mobile Networks(MobileNet)model has been derived for generating a set of useful ***,an enhanced bird swarm algorithm(EBsA)with least square support vector machine(Ls-sVM)model has been employed for classifying the digital images into the original or the forged *** utilization of the EBsA algorithm helps to properly modify the parameters contained in the Multiclass support Vector Machine(MsVM)technique and thereby enhance the classification *** ensuring the enhanced performance of the ODTL-CMFD technique,a series of simulations have been performed against the benchmark MICC-F220,MICC-F2000,and MICC-F600 *** experimental results have demonstrated the improvised performance of the ODTL-CMFD approach over the other techniques in terms of several evaluation measures.

关键词： Copy move detection image forgery deep learning machine learning parameter tuning forensics

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A comprehensive review on clinical outcome of probiotic and synbiotic therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第3期8卷 179-186页

作者： Bhagavathi sundaram sivamaruthi Innovation Center for Holistic Health Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals Faculty of Pharmacy Chiang Mai University

The composition of gut microflora and its metabolic activity are closely correlated with the host immune system, and the changes in the biometric of the microbiome lead to inflammatory diseases like inflammatory bowel disease. The supplementation of probiotics and synbiotic could indeed manipulate the microflora, which can be an alternative therapy for ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. several in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies for the initiation and maintenance of remission in patients with inflammatory bowel disease have been *** studies evaluated the efficacy of many probiotic formulations, especially about VsL#*** though the clinical studies proved that almost all the probiotic interventions are safe and bring improvement to patients, some studies are deficient in sample size, proper controls, and follow-ups. This paper summarizes the possible mechanism of inflammatory bowel disease development, probiotics, the clinical outcome of probiotic and synbiotic interventions for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, as well as the adverse effect of probiotic treatments.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Probiotic synbiotic

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severe cholestatic hepatitis due to large vessel vasculitis:report of two cases

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第1期6卷 68-71,I0003页

作者： Jason Xu Einar s.Bjo¨rnsson Vinay sundaram Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The National University Hospital of IcelandReykjavikIceland Faculty of Medicine University of IcelandReykjavikIceland Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Comprehensive Transplant Center Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA

Giant cell arteritis(GCA)is a vasculitis of medium and large sized vessels that occurs most often in people>50 years of age with associated symptoms of fever,weight loss,headache and jaw *** rheumatica(PMR),which is characterized by aching and stiffness in the shoulders,hip girdle,neck and torso,is intimately associated with GCA,and evidence suggests that GCA and PMR are two phases of the same *** occurrence of liver enzyme abnormalities in either of these conditions is ***,as these conditions occur most commonly in the elderly population who may be subject to polypharmacy,patients with elevated aminotransferases due to underlying GCA/PMR may mistakenly have their abnormal liver function tests attributed to drug-induced liver *** the potential complications of these diseases if left untreated,including ischemic stroke and blindness,early recognition and treatment are *** report two patients who developed severe cholestatic liver enzyme elevation,which had been initially attributed to drug toxicity,but was ultimately caused by large vessel vasculitis,specifically GCA and PMR.

关键词： acute liver injury polymyalgia rheumatica abnormal liver enzymes

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Liquid vaporization under thermodynamic phase non-equilibrium condition at the gas-liquid interface

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science China(Technological sciences) 2020年第12期63卷 2649-2656页

作者： WANG XingJian LAFON Patrick sundaram Dilip YANG Vigor Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Florida Institute of TechnologyMelbourneFlorida 32901USA Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA school of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

Liquid vaporization under thermodynamic phase non-equilibrium condition at the gas-liquid interface is investigated over a wide range of fluid state typical of many liquid-fueled energy conversion systems. The validity of the phase-equilibrium assumption commonly used in the existing study of liquid vaporization is examined using molecular dynamics theories. The interfacial mass flow rates on both sides of the liquid surface are compared to the net vaporization rate through an order-of-magnitude *** indicated that the phase-equilibrium assumption holds valid at relatively high pressures and low temperatures,and for droplets with relatively large initial diameters(for example,larger than 10 μm for vaporizing oxygen droplets in gaseous hydrogen in the pressure range from 10 atm to the oxygen critical state). Droplet vaporization under superheated conditions is also explored using classical binary homogeneous nucleation theory,in conjunction with a real-fluid equation of state. It is found that the bubble nucleation rate is very sensitive to changes in saturation ratio and pressure;it increases by several orders of magnitude when either the saturation ratio or the pressure is slightly increased. The kinetic limit of saturation ratio decreases with increasing pressure,leading to reduced difference between saturation and superheat conditions. As a result,the influence of nonequilibrium conditions on droplet vaporization is lower at a higher pressure.

关键词： liquid vaporization droplet vaporization superheated vaporization thermodynamic phase equilibrium thermodynamic phase non-equilibrium vapor nucleation

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Infections in Alcoholic Hepatitis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第4期10卷 718-725页

作者： Bhupinder Kaur Russell Rosenblatt Vinay sundaram Internal Medicine Department Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Comprehen-sive Transplant Center Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA

severe alcoholic hepatitis (sAH) is defined by a modified discriminant function ≥32 or model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) >20. Patients with sAH are in an immu-nocompromised state attributed to cirrhosis-related immu-noparesis and corticosteroid use. Individuals with sAH often develop severe infections that adversely impact short-term prognosis. Currently, the corticosteroid prednisolone is the only treatment with proven efficacy in sAH;however, the combination of corticosteroid treatment and altered host defense in sAH has been thought to increase the risk of acquiring of bacterial, opportunistic fungal, and viral infec-tions. Newer studies have shown that corticosteroids do not increase occurrence of infections in those with sAH;unfor-tunately, the lack of response to corticosteroids may instead predispose to infection development. Prompt and appropri-ate antibiotic treatment is therefore essential to improving patient outcomes. This review highlights common infections and risk factors in patients with sAH. Additionally, current diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic strategies in these patients are discussed.

关键词： Alcoholic hepatitis Infections Corticosteroids sTOPAH Antibiotic treatment Aspergillosis Immunodeficiency Alcoholic liver disease

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