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An Efficient Sound and Data Steganography Based Secure Authentication System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 723-751页

作者： Debajit Datta lalit Garg Kathiravan Srinivasan Atsushi Inoue G.Thippa Reddy M.Praveen Kumar Reddy K.Ramesh Nidal Nasser School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)Vellore632014India Faculty of Information and Communication Technology University of MaltaMsidaMSD2080Malta School of Information Technology and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)Vellore632014India Department of Information Systems&Business Analytics Eastern Washington UniversitySpokaneWA99202USA Department of Computer Science Karnataka State Akkamahadevi Women’s UniversityVijayapuraIndia College of Engineering Alfaisal UniversityRiyadh1153Saudi Arabia

The prodigious advancements in contemporary technologies have also brought in the situation of unprecedented ***,the pin-based security system is an inadequate mechanism for handling such a *** reason is that hackers use multiple strategies for evading security systems and thereby gaining access to private *** research proposes to deploy diverse approaches for authenticating and securing a connection amongst two devices/gadgets via sound,thereby disregarding the pins’manual ***,the results demonstrate that the proposed approaches outperform conventional pin-based authentication or QR authentication ***,a random signal is encrypted,and then it is transformed into a wave file,after which it gets transmitted in a short burst via the device’s ***,the other device/gadget captures these audio bursts through its microphone and decrypts the audio signal for getting the essential data for ***,this model requires two devices/gadgets with speakers and a microphone,and no extra hardware such as a camera,for reading the QR code is *** first module is tested with realtime data and generates high scores for the widely accepted accuracy metrics,including precision,Recall,F1 score,entropy,and mutual information(MI).Additionally,this work also proposes a module helps in a secured transmission of sensitive data by encrypting it over images and other *** steganographic module includes two-stage encryption with two different encryption algorithms to transmit data by embedding inside a *** encryption algorithms and their combinations are taken for this system to compare the resultant file *** these systems engender high accuracies and provide secure connectivity,leading to a sustainable communication ecosystem.

关键词： Cyber-attacks signals privacy security organization encryption decryption authentication effective communication steganography

Optimization of trace elements in purified glycerol for microbial lipid and citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica SKY7

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2021年第1期1卷 76-89页

作者： lalit R.Kumar Sravan K.Yellapu R.D.Tyagi Patrick Drogui INRS-ETE 490Rue de la CouronneQuebecQC G1K 9A9Canada

Purified glycerol obtained after acid treatment of crude glycerol solution was used as the carbon source for lipid and citric acid production using *** *** purified glycerol was high in phosphorus,it was important to inves-tigate the impact of fortification of trace elements in the medium on cell growth,lipid and citric acid(CA)*** all the trace elements(including phosphates and sulfates)required for growth and lipid production were added to the purified glycerol medium,high biomass(51.67 g/L)and lipid concentration(19.47 g/L)were observed at 96 h of fed-batch fermentation with low CA concentration of 5.42 g/*** purified glycerol medium without additional trace elements gave low biomass(27.67 g/L),lipid concentration(9.35 g/L)at 80 h of fed-batch fermentation,but gave high CA concentration(24.51 g/L).When purified glycerol was provided with only sulfates or all elements except KH_(2)PO_(4),low biomass(32.59 g/L and 38.52 g/L)and citric acid concentration(1 g/L and 2.42 g/L)were obtained at 96 h.

关键词： Yarrowia lipolytica SKY7 Purified glycerol Trace elements Microbial lipid Citric acid

Improvement of Software Quality Attributes in Object Oriented Analysis and Design Phase Using Goal-Question-Metric Paradigm

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2011年第6期4卷 345-349页

作者： Hitesh Rajput lalit Kumar Singh 不详

In a competitive business landscape, large organizations such as insurance companies and banks are under high pres-sure to innovate, improvise and distinguish their products and services while continuing to reduce the time-to market for new product introductions. Traditional approaches to software reliability modeling for such software are black box-based. Bad structure or model again can lead us to lower down these non functional properties. The basic constructs of the model are objects. We will not deal about the identification of the objects, as may be referred in many books, but how to model those objects. The objective of this paper is to provide a philosophical approach, using Goal-Question-Metric paradigm, to structure or model the identified objects of software system, in better way to improve the quality of the software.

关键词： Software Reliability OOAD Class Object Association GQM MFC

Investigating the Use of Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques to Detect Land Use and Land Cover Change: A Review

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2013年第2期2卷 193-204页

作者： Abdullah F. Alqurashi lalit Kumar School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New England Armidale Australia

The accuracy of change detection on the earth’s surface is important for understanding the relationships and interactions between human and natural phenomena. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have the potential to provide accurate information regarding land use and land cover changes. In this paper, we investigate the major techniques that are utilized to detect land use and land cover changes. Eleven change detection techniques are reviewed. An analysis of the related literature shows that the most used techniques are post-classification comparison and principle component analysis. Post-classification comparison can minimize the impacts of atmospheric and sensor differences between two dates. Image differencing and image ratioing are easy to implement, but at times they do not provide accurate results. Hybrid change detection is a useful technique that makes full use of the benefits of many techniques, but it is complex and depends on the characteristics of the other techniques such as supervised and unsupervised classifications. Change vector analysis is complicated to implement, but it is useful for providing the direction and magnitude of change. Recently, artificial neural networks, chi-square, decision tree and image fusion have been frequently used in change detection. Research on integrating remote sensing data and GIS into change detection has also increased.

关键词： Change Detection Techniques Remote Sensing GIS Land Use and Land Cover Change

I-Gel: A Rescue Intubation Device in Unanticipated Difficult Intubation for Emergency Laparotomy

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2012年第2期2卷 44-46页

作者： lalit Gupta Kapil Chaudhary Poonam Bhadoria Department of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care G. B. Pant Hospital & Associated Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi India Department of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Maulana Azad Medical College & Associated Lok Nayak Hospital New Delhi India.

The “i-gel” is a newer, non-inflatable supraglottic airway device for clinical use and also for resuscitation purposes. It has also been found to be a useful ventilation and intubation device in anticipated simulated difficult airway situations. However, its use in unanticipated difficult airway situations in emergency set up has not been explored. We describe a case of 24 year male posted for emergency laparotomy that turned out to have an unanticipated difficult airway. Attempts to intubation and ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway insertion failed. However, “i-gel” proved to be a very handy intubating conduit in this critical situation.

关键词： I-Gel Rescue Unanticipated Difficult Intubation Emergency Laparotomy

Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection in the Saudi Arabian Desert Cities of Makkah and Al-Taif Using Satellite Data

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2014年第3期3卷 106-119页

作者： Abdullah F. Alqurashi[1 lalit Kumar School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New England Armidale Australia Department of Geography Umm Al-QuraUniversity Makkah Saudi Arabia

Land use/land cover (LULC) changes have become a central issue in current global change and sustainability research. Saudi Arabia has undergone significant change in land use and land cover since the government embarked on a course of intense national development 30 years ago, as a result of huge national oil revenues. This study evaluates LULC change in Makkah and Al-Taif, Saudi Arabia from 1986 to 2013 using Landsat images. Maximum likelihood and object-oriented classification were used to develop LULC maps. The change detection was executed using post-classification comparison and GIS. The results indicated that urban areas have increased over the period by approximately 174% in Makkah and 113% in Al-Taif. Analysis of vegetation cover over the study area showed a variable distribution from year to year due to changing average precipitation in this environment. Object-based classification provided slightly greater accuracy than maximum likelihood classification. Information provided by satellite remote sensing can play an important role in quantifying and understanding the relationship between population growth and LULC changes, which can assist future planning and potential environmental impacts of expanding urban areas.

关键词： Land Use/Cover Patterns Landsat Imagery Makkah Al-Taif Urban Growth Image Classification Change Detection

Biopesticide production using Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki by valorization of starch industry wastewater and effluent from aerobic,anaerobic digestion

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2021年第4期1卷 494-504页

作者： Adama Ndao B.Sellamuthu lalit R.Kumar R.D.Tyagi J.R.Valero INRS-ETE Universite du QuebecQuebec G1K 9A9Canada Centre de Recherche du CHUM 900 Saint DenisMontrealQuebec H2X 0A9Canada BOSK Bioproducts 100-399 rue JacquardQuebec G1N 4J6Canada School of Technology Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina

Introduction Unconventional alternatives such as aerobic and anaerobic effluent from starch industry contain essential nutrients for Btk active ingredient *** from starch industry is rich in carbon and nitrogen and can replace expensive feedstock used during the fermentation *** The main objective of this study was to achieve a biopesticide formulation from starch industry wastewater(SIW)with high entomotoxicity(UI/ml)of larvae comparable to Foray 76B,which is a commercial *** Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki HD1(Btk)strain was cultivated and sub-cultured to aerobic,anaerobic digested effluent and ***-treatment was carried on these different substrates to enhance the residual carbon required for Btk growth and delta endotoxin *** 48 hours of fermentation,cells count and delta-endotoxin were determined.A biopesticide formulation containing fermented broth and adjuvants was fed to larvae to determine larvae *** Btk cell growth and sporulation profile in SIW media displayed a high total cell count and viable spores compared to btk growth in anaerobic or aerobic media after 48h *** maximum endotoxin concentration in the SIW medium was 435μg/mL,whereas,in anaerobic and aerobic effluent,the maximum concentrations were at 161μg/mL and 136μg/mL,*** acidic treatment was performed at pH 2 for these substrates,entomotoxicity obtained from aerobic and anaerobic biopesticide formulations displayed significantly higher entomoxicity than the untreated *** entomotoxicity of SIW treated at pH 2 was equivalent to the standard Foray 76B which is 20,000 IU/μ*** Anaerobic and aerobic effluent did not contain enough total organic carbon to augment Btk growth and *** pre-treated at pH 2 provided significant organic matter for Btk growth and resulted in larval mortality equivalent to the com ercial biopesticide Foray 76B.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis Aerobic digested effluent Anaerobic digested effluent Effluent valorization Biopesticide

Effect of Shape of the Absorber Surface on the Performance of Stepped Type Solar Still

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第8期5卷 489-497页

作者： Jagannath S. Gawande lalit B. Bhuyar Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering Buldana India SGB Amravati University Amravati India SGB Amravati University Amravati India Department of Mechanical Engineering PRM Institute of Technology & Research Badnera India

In this work, we have selected three number of stepped type solar stills of the same overall dimensions 620 mm (W) × 808 mm (L) but with different absorber surface areas due to the variation in the shape of the basin surface. The other design parameters like depth of water, thickness of glass cover, insulation thickness, type of condensing cover, absorbing material provided over the basin, and angle of inclination of the still were kept constant to study the effect of shape of the absorber surface over the distillate yield obtained. The shape of the absorber surface provided in the basins of solar stills A, E and F was flat, convex and concave respectively. When the convex and concave type stepped solar stills are used, the average daily water production has been found to be 56.60% and 29.24% higher than that of flat type stepped solar still respectively. Also an economic analysis was made. The payback period of flat type, convex type and concave type stepped solar still is 823 days, 525 days and 637 days respectively. Thus, the convex type solar still gives the returns within the least possible time as compared to other two types of stepped solar stills. The laboratory tests were conducted to test the quality of water after distillation. The tests indicate that the quality of water in terms of pH, electrical conductivity, total hardness, TDS, Alkalinity, Nitrates etc. is well within the desirable limits as prescribed by WHO for Indian specific conditions.

关键词： Stepped Type Solar Still Absorber Plate Flat Surface Concave Surface Convex Surface Distillate Yield

Software Reliability Early Prediction in Architectural Design Phase: Overview and Limitations

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2011年第3期4卷 181-186页

作者： lalit Kumar Singh Anil Kumar Tripathi Gopika Vinod 不详

In recent times, computer based systems are frequently used for protection and control in the various industries viz Nuclear, Electrical, Mechanical, Civil, Electronics, Medical, etc. From the operating experience of those computer based systems, it has been found that the failure of which can lead to the severe damage to equipments or environmental harm. The culprit of this accident is nobody other than our software, whose reliability has not been ensured in those conditions. Also for real time system, throughput of the system and average response time are very important constructs/ metrics of reliability. Moreover neither of the software reliability model is available which can be fitted generically for all kinds of software. So, we can ensure reliability at the early stage i.e. during design phase by architecturing the software in a better way. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art research in the area of architecture-based software reliability analysis. We then describe the shortcomings and the limiting assumptions underlying the prevalent research. We also propose various approaches which have the potential to address the existing

关键词： Software Reliability Software Engineering DTMC Early Prediction