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Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women from a West-African Population

Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2018年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： Bonaventure Awede Mariane SHounnou Christiane Tshabu-Aguemon Grace Adehan Francois Djrolo Marcellin Amoussou-Guenou anatole laleye Unite de Physiologie Faculte des Sciences de la SanteUniversite d’Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Unite de Gynecologie et d’Obstetrique Faculte des Sciences de la SanteUniversite d’Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Unite de Biophysique et de Medecine Nucleaire Facultédes Sciences de la SanteUniversite d’Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Unite d’Endocrinologie et de Nutrition Faculte des Sciences de la SanteUniversite d’Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Unite de Biologie Humaine Faculte des Sciences de la SanteUniversite d’Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin

Thyroid dysfunction is frequent in pregnant women and is often associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcome. In the present work, thyroid function of pregnant women from Benin republic was studied. Two hundred forty (240) pregnant women, without thyroid disease history, have been included in the study. A blood sample was drawn for measurement of TSH, free T3 and free T4 serum levels. From the first to the third trimester, plasma levels of free T3 and free T4 decreased when plasma levels of TSH increased. Using recommendations of the 2011 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines, thyroid dysfunction was observed in 24.17% of subjects. Hypothyroidism was present in 22.50% of subjects with 19.17% of subclinical hypothyroidism, 0.83% of overt hypothyroidism and 2.50% of hypothyroxinemia and hyperthyroidism was observed in 1.67% of subjects. An increase from 15.52% to 28.07% was observed in the frequency of hypothyroidism from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. When an upper cut-off value of 4 mU/L was used for TSH, as recommended in the 2017 ATA guidelines, prevalence of thyroid disorders was 14.58% with 12.91% of hypothyroidism but no hypothyroidism was observed in women in the first trimester of pregnancy. A rise in hypothyroidism frequency was observed when pregnant women age increased. Hypothyroidism was very common in pregnant women in Benin. To allow accurate assessment of thyroid status in pregnant women in Benin, pregnancy specific range for plasma level of TSH and thyroid hormones should be established.

关键词： Pregnancy Thyroid Function Hypothyroidism

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Chromosome Polymorphism and Human Pathology: About 27 Cases of Chromosome 9 Inversion in the Beninese Population

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Open Journal of Genetics 2021年第3期11卷 23-31页

作者： Simon Azonbakin Alfred Ouedraogo Alexis Ouedraogo Daniel Sewadouno Arnaud Agbanlinsou Yannick Goussanou Marius Adjagba Jules Alao anatole laleye Laboratory of Histology-Reproductive Biology Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics Human Biology Unit Faculty of Health Sciences Abomey-Calavi University Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Histology-Embryology Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology Teaching Hospital of Bogodogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Pediatric and Medical Genetic Faculty of Health Sciences Abomey-Calavi University Cotonou Benin

The chromosomal polymorphism defined by variations of some chromosomal regions of a person (the constitutive heterochromatin and the short arms of the acrocentric chromosomes (13 to 15 and 21 - 22)) sometimes highlighted problems with regard to their safety and their pathogenicity. Polymorphisms are usually found in the same family and transmitted in the dominant Mendelian. Chromosome 9 inversion is a frequent phenomenon that some cytogeneticists consider as a variant of normal. Despite its classification as a minor chromosome rearrangement which does not correspond to abnormal phenotypes, many reports have raised conflicting opinions as well, and its complete safety is controversial. 27 cases of inversion of chromosome 9 were identified in our laboratory. The main indications for karyotype of the case of inv (9) were congenital cardiopathy (18.5%), sex development disorders of (18.5%), down syndrome (18.5%), and infertility (14.8%). This study stood out the observations of many authors who highlighted the involvement of inv (9) in the genesis of several pathologies.

关键词： Inversion Chromosome 9 Karyotype Abnormality Fertility

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Assessment of Spermatic Chromatin Decondensation by the Toluidine Blue Assay in Infertile Patients in Cotonou

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2022年第2期10卷 37-48页

作者： Yaude Alfred Azonbakin Simon Aweh Bruno Dangbemey Patrice Sissoko Sidi Boula Dossou Jean-Paul Flore Gangbo laleye anatole Laboratory of Histology Reproductive Biology Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences Cotonou Benin Department of Gynaecology-Obstetrics Mother and Child Teaching Hospital of Cotonou Cotonou Benin Pathological Anatomy and Cytology Department of the point’s G Teaching Hospital in Bamako Mali Laboratory of Andrology Human Reproduction and Demography Research Center CERRHUD Cotonou Benin

Background: A high level of sperm chromatin decondensation results in loss of DNA quality and it is associated with poor embryonic prognosis in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). This had lead to introduction of sperm DNA compaction testing in assessment of clinical male infertility. Toluidine blue assay is one of most commonly used tests to measure chromatin decondensation in research studies and also in clinical routine use. So the objective of our study was to assess the level of sperm chromatin decondensation by toluidine blue assay in men dealing with couple infertility. Methods: The sperm samples of 96 patients referred for infertility, over a 4-month period from September 2020 to January 2021, were stained with toluidine blue and observed under an optical microscope. These were evaluated according to the World Health Organization. Results: The 25 - 34 age group was the most represented among infertile men. There was a non-significant correlation between age and the level of spermatic chromatin condensation (r = 0.0348). Spermatic parameters had averages above standards norms, apart from that of low vitality. Spermatic chromatin decondenization affected 96% of infertile patients. Asthenozoospermia was the most common abnormality. Among standard parameters of spermogram, only the concentration of spermatozoa in the semen was weakly correlated (r = 0.18) with sperm chromatin decondensation. Conclusion: The level of sperm chromatin condensation is, on the one hand, a parameter independent of the age of the subject; on the other hand, allows to evaluate male infertility, like the classic parameters of the spermogram and spermocytogram. However, in view of the high probability of changes in the nuclear quality of sperm intrinsic to the analysis process and sperm concentration, an improvement of the toluidine blue test using the swim-up technique and associated with image processing software is possible.

关键词： Male Infertility Decondensation Spermatic Chromatin Toluidine Blue

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Formulation, stability testing, and analytical characterization of melatonin-based preparation for clinical trial

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第4期7卷 237-243页

作者： Samira Filali Charlotte Bergamelli Mamadou Lamine Tall Damien Salmon Diane laleye Carole Dhelens Elhadji Diouf Christine Pivot Fabrice Pirot Service pharmaceutique Plateforme FRIPHARMGroupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot5 Place d′ArsonvalF-69437 Lyon Cedex 03France Laboratoire de Recherche et Développement de Pharmacie Galénique Industrielle Plateforme FRIPHARMFaculté de PharmacieLaboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique – UMR 5305Université Claude Bernard Lyon 18 Avenue RockefellerF-69373 Lyon Cedex 08France

A new institutional clinical trial assessed the improvement of sleep disorders in 40 children with autism treated by immediate-release melatonin formulation in different regimens(0.5 mg, 2 mg, and 6 mg daily) for one month. The objectives of present study were to(i) prepare low-dose melatonin hard capsules for pediatric use controlled by two complementary methods and(ii) carry out a stability study in order to determine a use-bydate. Validation of preparation process was claimed as ascertained by mass uniformity of hard *** analysis by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared(ATR-FTIR) of melatonin/microcrystalline cellulose mixture allowed to identify and quantify relative content of active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients. Absolute melatonin content analysis by high performance liquid chromatography in 0.5 mg and 6 mg melatonin capsules was 93.6% ± 4.1% and 98.7% ± 6.9% of theoretical value, respectively. Forced degradation study showed a good separation of melatonin and its degradation products. The capability of the method was 15, confirming a risk of false negative < 0.01%. Stability test and dissolution test were compliant over 18 months of storage with European Pharmacopoeia. Preparation of melatonin hard capsules was completed manually and melatonin in hard capsules was stable for 18 months, in spite of low doses of active ingredient. ATR-FTIR offers a real alternative to HPLC for quality control of highdose melatonin hard capsules before the release of clinical batches.

关键词： Melatonin Stability-indicating method High-performance liquid chromatography Multicomponent infrared analysis Clinical trial Autism

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Gastric Cancer Revealed by a Perforated Ulcer: A Case Report and Review

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Surgical Science 2020年第12期11卷 399-404页

作者： Sètondji G. R. Attolou Christel M. laleye Djifid M. Seto Ismaïl Lawani Dansou G. Gbessi Delphin K. Mehinto University Clinic for Visceral Surgery Hubert-Koutoukou-Maga National University Medical Center Cotonou Benin Regional Medical Center of Allada Allada Benin University Hospital Center of Oueme-Plateau Porto-Novo Benin

Introduction: Gastric cancer is not typically a surgical emergency. However, it can evolve into urgent complications such as a perforation. We report a case of a perforated gastric ulcer that turned out to be a cancer. Observation: A 52-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department of Hubert-Koutoukou-Maga National University Medical Center in Cotonou for generalized abdominal pain. He was diagnosed with acute generalized peritonitis with perforated gastric ulcer, establishing a surgical indication. An antral perforation was found and a simple closure was performed. Anatomopathological examination of the surgical piece revealed a gastric adenocarcinoma within the granulation tissue. Following the impact assessment, he underwent a second surgery where a distal gastrectomy was performed with D2 lymphadenectomy followed by gastrojejunostomy. He developed an anastomotic gastrointestinal fistula during the postoperative period but was successfully medically treated. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy with Epirubicin, Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil. The patient is still alive, 3 years after the gastrectomy. Conclusion: When faced with a perforated gastric ulcer, one must also consider a neoplastic cause. The emergency surgical treatment depends on the general condition of the patient and the pre-existing co-morbidities, the choice being made between a one-stage versus two-stage gastrectomy.

关键词： Gastric Ulcer Perforation Cancer Simple Closure Gastrectomy

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Availability, Accessibility and Contribution of Infant Flours to the Diet of Children Aged 6-59 Months in Benin

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1766-1787页

作者： Flora T. F. laleye Nadia Fanou-Fogny Yann E. Madode Flora J. Chadare Marius S. Kanhounnon Bernadette H. Boyiako Mourichide M. Achamou Djidjodo J. Hounhouigan School of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Technologies Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Food and Bioresource Sciences and Technologies and Human Nutrition School of Sciences and Techniques of Conservation and Transformation of Agricultural Products University Center of Sakété National University of Agriculture Sakété Benin

This study assesses the nutritional composition as well as the availability and affordability of infant flour found on the market and in the households of Benin. To do that assessment, a two-step cross-sectional survey based on food ethnography methods was used. A total of 61 marketplaces were visited in seven towns and rural districts as part of the availability and affordability survey, while 400 children (aged 6 to 59 months) were surveyed to track the uses of infant flours at the household level. The results obtained reveal that pre-manufactured infant flour is sold more in urban areas (Cotonou, Porto-Novo and Parakou) than in rural ones. The average infant flours price did not vary (p = 0.985) in any given year (regardless of abundance or lean periods) nor does it vary (p = 0.133) from one point of sale to another (drugstore or supermarkets). However, the average price is found to be expensive considering the purchasing power of the households surveyed. On the other hand, the amount of ingredients used in the production of the flour types found on the market complies with the recommendations of the Codex Alimentarius, unlike the homemade ones. Pre-manufactured infant flour is found to be outside of the economic reach of most households (92%) who rely heavily on the homemade ones to feed their children. In light of the above, public authorities should help improve geographic access and pricing affordability to quality infant flour for low-income households in urban and remote areas. Moreover, awareness should be raised among mothers relative to the importance of complementary feeding through education on good nutrition practices.

关键词： Infant Flour Complementary Feeding Nutritional Composition Children Food Ethnography

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Gastric Cancer Revealed by a Perforated Ulcer: A Case Report and Review

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Surgical Science（外科学） 2020年第12期

作者： Sètondji G. R. Attolou Christel M. laleye Djifid M. Seto Ismaïl Lawani Dansou G. Gbessi Delphin K. Mehinto

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Availability, Accessibility and Contribution of Infant Flours to the Diet of Children Aged 6 - 59 Months in Benin

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Agricultural Sciences（农业科学） 2023年第12期

作者： Flora T.F.laleye Nadia Fanou-Fogny Yann E.Madode Flora J.Chadare Marius S.Kanhounnon Bernadette H.Boyiako Mourichide M.Achamou Djidjodo J.Hounhouigan

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