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semantic segmentation of Lumbar vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on spine Magnetic Resonance Images

Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： lakshmi s v v shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DsC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

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Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： siva s.v.P.sakamuri Anil sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

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A comprehensive investigation on nonlinear vibration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite structures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： s.sAURABH R.KIRAN D.sINGH R.vAIsH v.s.CHAUHAN school of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal composite laminates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a promising frontier for enhancing the mechanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study provides a comprehensive investigation into the nonlinear free vibration and nonlinear bending behavior of bio-inspired composite plates. The inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory(IHsDT) of plates is employed to characterize the displacement field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem is modeled using the C0finite element method(FEM), and an in-house code is developed in the MATLAB environment to solve it numerically. various helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recursive(HR), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(Hs), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The model is validated, and parametric studies are conducted. These studies investigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amplitudes on the nonlinear vibration and nonlinear bending behaviors of bio-inspired composite plates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial impact on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behaviors. Moreover, this influence varies across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired composite plate.

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Grain boundary effect on structural, optical, and electrical properties of sol-gel synthesized Fe-doped snO_(2) nanoparticles

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第4期30卷 555-564页

作者： Archana v lakshmi Mohan Kathirvel P saravanakumar s Department of sciences Amrita School of EngineeringCoimbatoreAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamIndia Research and Development Center Bharathiar UniversityCoimbatore-641046TamilnaduIndia GRD Center for Materials Research Department of PhysicsP S G College of TechnologyCoimbatore-641004TamilnaduIndia Department of Physics N S S CollegePandalam-689501KeralaIndia

Tin oxide(snO_(2)) and iron-doped tin oxide(sn_(1-x)Fe_(x)O_(2),x=0.05 wt%,0.10 wt%) nanoparticles are synthesized by the simple sol-gel *** structural characterization using x-ray diffraction(XRD) confirms tetragonal rutile phases of the *** variations in lattice parameters and relative intensity with Fe-doping concentration validate the incorporation of iron into the *** compressive strain present in the lattice estimated by using peak profile analysis through using Williamson-Hall plot also exhibits the influence of grain boundary formation in the *** radiative recombination and quenching observed in optical characterization by using photoluminescence spectrum(PL) and the shift in the band gap estimated from Uv-visible diffused reflectance spectrum corroborate the grain boundary *** spectrum and the morphological analysis by using a field emission scanning electron microscope(FEsEM) also indicate the formation of grain *** compositional analysis by using energy dispersive x-ray spectrum(EDAX) confirms Fe in the snO_(2) *** conductivity studies exhibit that the impendence increases with doping concentration increasing and the loss factor decreases at high frequencies with doping concentration increasing,which makes the sn_(1-x)Fe_(x)O_(2) a potential candidate for device applications.

关键词： sol-gel compressive strain grain boundary AC conductivity

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Convergence of COvID-19 and recurrent stroke:In-hospital mortality risks explored

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World Journal of virology 2025年第1期14卷 5-8页

作者： Basavraj s Nagoba shree v Dhotre Ajay M Gavkare sachin s Mumbre Pradnya s Dhotre Department of Microbiology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and Research(Medical College)Latur 413531India Department of Microbiology Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India Department of Community Medicine Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India Department of Biochemistry Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India

This editorial comments on the article by Desai et al,which investigates the impact of coronavirus disease 2019(COvID-19)on in-hospital mortality among patients with recurrent stroke using data from the 2020 National Inpatient *** findings reveal significantly higher mortality rates in COvID-19-positive patients compared to non-COvID-19 patients,particularly among middle-aged individuals,males,and ethnic *** editorial explores the underlying mechanisms contributing to these outcomes and discusses the clinical implications for targeted management strategies in high-risk *** results emphasize the need for comprehensive approaches to mitigate the heightened risks faced by recurrent stroke patients during the COvID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Recurrent stroke COvID-19 In-hospital mortality Nationwide analysis stroke admissions Infectious diseases Chronic health conditions Hypercoagulability

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A Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Model for skin Cancer Diagnosis

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Computer systems science & Engineering 2021年第5期37卷 233-245页

作者： v.vidya lakshmi J.s.Leena Jasmine Research scholar Anna UniversityChennaiTamil Nadu600025India velammal Engineering college ChennaiTamil Nadu600066India

Melanoma or skin cancer is the most dangerous and deadliest *** the incidence and mortality rate of skin cancer increases worldwide,an automated skin cancer detection/classification system is required for early detection and prevention of skin *** this study,a Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Model(HAIM)is designed for skin cancer *** uses diverse multi-directional representation systems for feature extraction and an efficient Exponentially Weighted and Heaped Multi-Layer Perceptron(EWHMLP)for the *** the wavelet transform is a powerful tool for signal and image processing,it is unable to detect the intermediate dimensional structures of a medical *** the proposed HAIM uses Curvelet(CurT),Contourlet(ConT)and shearlet(sheT)transforms as feature extraction *** MLP is very flexible and well suitable for the classification problem,the learning of weights is a challenging ***,the optimization process does not converge,and the model may not be *** overcome these drawbacks,EWHMLP is *** show that the combined qualities of each transform in a hybrid approach provides an accuracy of 98.33%in a multi-class approach on PH2 database.

关键词： skin cancer multi-directional systems curvelet contourlet shearlet multi-layer perceptron

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

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Prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation restores the balance between A_(2A)R-and A_(1)R-mediated adenosine signaling in the 6-hydroxidopamine model of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2053-2067页

作者： Milica Zeljkovic Jovanovic Jelena stanojevic Ivana stevanovic Milica Ninkovic Tihomir v.Ilic Nadezda Nedeljkovic Milorad Dragic Laboratory for Neurobiology Department of General Physiology and BiophysicsFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy University of DefenceBelgradeSerbia

An imbalance in adenosine-mediated signaling,particularly the increased A_(2A)R-mediated signaling,plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's *** therapeutic approaches fail to alter disease progression,demonstrating the need for novel approaches in *** transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive approach that has been shown to improve motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's ***,the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation remain *** purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the beneficial effects of prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of experimental parkinsonism are based on modulation of adenosine-mediated *** with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions underwent intermittent theta burst stimulation for 3 weeks and were tested for motor skills using the Rotarod ***,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and biochemical analysis of components of adenosine-mediated signaling were performed on the synaptosomal fraction of the lesioned caudate *** intermittent theta burst stimulation improved motor symptoms in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned animals.A 6-hydroxydopamine lesion resulted in progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the caudate *** with intermittent theta burst stimulation began 7 days after the lesion,coinciding with the onset of motor *** treatment with prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation,complete motor recovery was *** improvement was accompanied by downregulation of the e N/CD73-A_(2A)R pathway and a return to physiological levels of A_(1)R-adenosine deaminase 1 after 3 weeks of intermittent theta burst *** results demonstrated that 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration reduced the expression of A_(1)R and elevated the expression of A_(2A)***

关键词： A_(1)R A_(2A)R adenosine receptors adenosine ecto-5′-nucleotidase intermittent theta burst stimulation non-invasive brain stimulation Parkinson's disease purinergic signalling

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Design of a robust PID-Pss for an uncertain power system with simplified stability conditions

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Protection and Control of Modern Power systems 2020年第1期5卷 222-237页

作者： vijaya lakshmi A.s.v Ramalinga Raju Manyala siva Kumar Mangipudi Department of EEE G.V.P College of Engineering for WomenVisakhapatnamIndia Department of EEE JNTU KakinadaKakinadaIndia Department of EEE Gudlavalleru Engineering CollegeGudlavalleruAndhra PradeshIndia

In a deregulated power system uncertainty exists and lack of sufficient damping can lead to Low FrequencyOscillations (LFO). The problem can be addressed using robust Power system stabilizers (Pss). In this paper, anoptimal procedure to design a robust PID-Pss using interval arithmetic for the single Machine Infinite Bus (sMIB)power system is proposed. The interval modelling captures the wide variations of operating conditions in boundsof system coefficients. In the proposed design procedure, simple and new closed loop stability conditions for ansMIB interval system are developed and are used to design an optimum PID-Pss for improving the performance ofan sMIB system. The optimum PID-Pss is attained by tuning the parameters using the FMINCON tool provided inMATLAB. The robustness of the proposed PID-Pss design is validated and compared to other notable methods inthe literature when the system is subjected to different uncertainties. The simulation results and performance errorvalues show the effectiveness of the proposed robust PID-Pss controller.

关键词： Low frequency oscillations Uncertainty Power system stabilizer Robust controller Interval systems

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AssEssMENT OF AIR CHANGE EFFECTIvENEss AND THERMAL COMFORT IN A NATURALLY vENTILATED KITCHEN WITH INsECT-PROOF sCREEN UsING CFD

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Journal of Green Building 2021年第3期16卷 37-56页

作者： Jayasree T K Jinshah B s lakshmi visakha v srinivas Tadepalli Department of Architecture National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalliIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalliIndia

Many dwellings in warm-humid climates attain a comfortable environment by natural *** opening of exterior windows for ventilation allows the entry of insects along with the *** a remedy,occupants install insect-proof screens on windows resulting in reduced airflow into the *** study attempts to evaluate the air change effectiveness and thermal comfort in a residential kitchen with insect-proof screens.A kitchen with insect-proof screens on the windows is compared with a case without insect-proof *** simulation was conducted using ANsYs Fluent 2019 *** insect-proof screen is modelled as a porous *** air velocity and temperature measurements were validated by measurements in a real *** presence of insect-proof screens reduced the air velocity inside the space by 82%.However,the airflow pattern in the case with screens was more uniformly *** mean age of the air was considerably higher in the case with insect-proof screens,which in turn resulted in a reduced *** presence of an insect-proof screen resulted in a Predicted Mean vote(PMv)of 2.79 indicating a‘hot’sensation,whereas in the other case,the comfort vote is only 1.93 indicating a‘warm’*** presence of insect-proof screens on windows reduced the air velocity and ventilation efficiency,contributing to increased thermal discomfort in the kitchen.

关键词： thermal comfort air change effectiveness insect-proof screen kitchen computational fluid dynamics age of air

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