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Active tuberculosis in inflammatory bowel disease patients under treatment from an endemic area in Latin America

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第44期26卷 6993-7004页

作者： Flora Maria Lorenzo Fortes Ney Boa Sorte Victor d Mariano laila d andrade Fernanda A Oliveira Monique CA Santos Claudia Ivanilda N dos Santos Catharina A Passos Mila P Pacheco Valdiana C Surlo Neogelia P de Almeida Jaciane AM Fontes Andrea M Pimentel Raquel Rocha Genoile Oliveira Santana Pharmaceutical Sciences Pos-graduation Program State University of BahiaSalvadorBA 40460-120Brazil Outpatient Gastroenterology Unit General Hospital Roberto SantosSalvadorBA 40286-901Brazil Life Sciences department State University of BahiaSalvadorBA 41150-000Brazil department of Medicine FTC UniversitySalvadorBA 41741-590Brazil department of Sciences of Nutrition School of NutritionFederal University of BahiaSalvadorBA 41701-035Brazil

BACKGROUNd There has been an increase in cases of inflammatory bowel disease(IBd)in recent years.There is also greater access and availability of immunosuppressive and biological agents,which increase the risk of opportunistic infection despite improving the quality of life and promoting mucosal healing.Tuberculosis(TB)remains a public health problem,and it has a high incidence in several countries.Therefore,knowledge of the risk of developing TB in patients with IBd is important.AIM To evaluate the risk of active TB in patients with IBd under treatment from an endemic area in Latin America.METHOdS A standard questionnaire included demographic variables,clinical aspects of IBd disease,history of active TB during treatment,active TB characteristics and evolution,initial screening and results and time from the start of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFα)to TB development.RESULTS Azathioprine,anti-TNFα and the combination of these two drugs were associated with a higher risk of active TB incidence.The TNFα blockers increased the relative risk of developing active TB compared to other treatments.All four multivariable models showed that the use of TNFα blockers alone or in combination with azathioprine was an important risk factor for the incidence of active TB.After adjustment for sex,age,type of IBd and latent TB,anti-TNFα with azathioprine increased the relative risk to 17.8 times more than conventional treatment.Late TB,which was diagnosed 3 mo after the start of anti-TNFα,was the most frequent.CONCLUSION Treatment with anti-TNFα increased the risk of active TB in IBd patients from an endemic area in Latin America.This risk was increased when anti-TNFα was combined with azathioprine.The time from the beginning of the treatment to the active TB diagnosis suggests a new TB infection.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Therapy Tumor necrosis factor alpha Relative risk Tuberculosis Latent tuberculosis

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Nitrogen-doped Amorphous Carbon Homojunction from Palmyra Sugar as a Renewable Solar Cell

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第1期12卷 57-69页

作者： Budhi Priyanto Imam Khambali Irma Septi Ardiani Khoirotun Nadhiyah Anna Zakiyatul laila M.Chasrun Hasani Bima Romadhon Retno Asih Yoyok Cahyono Triwikantoro darminto department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Muhammadiyah MalangKota MalangIndonesia Advanced Materials Research Group Department of PhysicsFaculty of Science and Data AnalyticsInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabayaIndonesia department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of Industrials EngineeringInstitut Teknologi National MalangKota MalangIndonesia

An a-C/a-C:N junction,which used palmyra sugar as the carbon source and ammonium hydroxide(NH4OH)as the dopant source,was successfully deposited on the ITO glass substrate using the nano-spraying method.The current-voltage relationship of the junction was found to be a Schottky-like contact,and therefore the junction shows the characteristic rectifiers.This means the a-C and a-C:N are semiconductors with different types of conduction.Moreover,the samples showed an increase in current and voltage value when exposed to visible light(bright state)compared to the dark condition,thereby,indicating the creation of electron-hole pairs during the exposure.It was also discovered that the relationship between current and voltage for the a-C/a-C:N junction sample formed a curve that satisfies the rule of the photovoltaic effect when exposed to visible light from a light bulb.The exposure of this sample to direct sunlight at AM 1.5 conditions produced a curve that meets the rules for the emergence of the photovoltaic effect with higher characteristics for the current-voltage relationship.Thus,the a-C/a-C:N junction sample is a solar cell successfully fabricated using a sample method and has a maximum efficiency of 0.0013%.

关键词： Solar cell amorphous carbon palmyra sugar

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Urban heat mitigation by green and blue infrastructure:drivers,effectiveness,and future needs

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 145-166页

作者： Prashant Kumar Sisay E.debele Soheila Khalili Christos H.Halios Jeetendra Sahani Nasrin Aghamohammadi Maria de Fatima andrade Maria Athanassiadou Kamaldeep Bhui Nerea Calvillo Shi-Jie Cao Frederic Coulon Jill L.Edmondson david Fletcher Edmilson dias de Freitas Hai Guo Matthew C.Hort Madhusudan Katti Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen Steffen Lehmann Giuliano Maselli Locosselli Shelagh K.Malham Lidia Morawska Rajan Parajuli Christopher d.F.Rogers Runming Yao Fang Wang Jannis Wenk Laurence Jones Global Centre for Clean Air Research(GCARE) School of SustainabilityCivil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute for Sustainability University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyUK School of Built Environment University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66BUUK School design and the Built Environment Curtin University Sustainability Policy InstituteKent StBentley 6102Western Australia Harry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Western Australia Atmospheric Sciences department Institute of AstronomyGeophysics and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Met Office FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK department of Psychiatry and Nuffield department of Primary Care Health Sciences Wadham CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of WarwickWarwickUK School of Architecture Southeast University2 SipailouNanjing 210096China Cranfield University School of WaterEnvironment and EnergyCranfield MK430ALUK Plants PhotosynthesisSoil ClusterSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK UK Centre for Ecology&Hydrology Environment Centre WalesDeiniol RoadBangor LL572UWUK Air Quality Studies Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina department of Forestry and Environmental Resources Faculty Excellence Program for Leadership in Public ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityChancellorRaleighNC 27695USA departments of Architecture&Civil Engineering and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK School of Architecture University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA department of Tropical Ecosystems Functioning Center of Nuclear Energy in AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicaba 13416-000Sao PauloBrazil School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeAnglesey LL595 ABUK International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health Science and Engine

The combination of urbanization and global warming leads to urban overheating and compounds the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events due to climate change.Yet,the risk of urban overheating can be mitigated by urban green-blue-grey infrastructure(GBGI),such as parks,wetlands,and engineered greening,which have the potential to effectively reduce summer air temperatures.despite many reviews,the evidence bases on quantified GBGI cooling benefits remains partial and the practical recommendations for implementation are unclear.This systematic literature review synthesizes the evidence base for heat mitigation and related co-benefits,identifies knowledge gaps,and proposes recommendations for their implementation to maximize their benefits.After screening 27,486 papers,202 were reviewed,based on 51 GBGI types categorized under 10 main divisions.Certain GBGI(green walls,parks,street trees)have been well researched for their urban cooling capabilities.However,several other GBGI have received negligible(zoological garden,golf course,estuary)or minimal(private garden,allotment)attention.The most efficient air cooling was observed in botanical gardens(5.0±3.5℃),wetlands(4.9±3.2℃),green walls(4.1±4.2℃),street trees(3.8±3.1℃),and vegetated balconies(3.8±2.7℃).Under changing climate conditions(2070–2100)with consideration of RCP8.5,there is a shift in climate subtypes,either within the same climate zone(e.g.,dfa to dfb and Cfb to Cfa)or across other climate zones(e.g.,dfb[continental warm-summer humid]to BSk[dry,cold semi-arid]and Cwa[temperate]to Am[tropical]).These shifts may result in lower efficiency for the current GBGI in the future.Given the importance of multiple services,it is crucial to balance their functionality,cooling performance,and other related co-benefits when planning for the future GBGI.This global GBGI heat mitigation inventory can assist policymakers and urban planners in prioritizing effective interventions to reduce the risk of urban overheating,filling research gaps,and promoting community resi

关键词： estuary walls extreme

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Concerns about the application of resistance exercise with blood-flow restriction and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 548-558,F0003页

作者： Hugo de Luca Correa Lysleine Alves deus dahan da Cunha Nascimento Nicholas Rolnick Rodrigo Vanerson Passos Neves Andrea Lucena Reis Thais Branquinho de Araujo Carmen Tzanno-Martins Fernanda Silveira Tavares Luiz Sinesio Silva Neto Claudio Avelino Rodrigues Santos Paolo Lucas Rodrigues-Silva Fernando Honorato Souza Vitoria Marra da Motta Vilalva Mestrinho Rafael Lavarini dos Santos Rosangela Vieira andrade Jonato Prestes Thiago dos Santos Rosa Post-graduate Program of Physical Education Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil The Human Performance Mechanic Lehman CollegeNew YorkNY 10011USA Clinical Group Home dialysis Center and RenalClass Sao Paulo 01239-040Brazil department of Medicine Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil Faculty of Medicine Federal University of TocantinsTocantins 77001-090Brazil Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Brasılia 70770-917Brazil Graduate Program of Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Brasılia 71966-700Brazil

Background:Hemodialysis(Hd)per se is a risk factor for thrombosis.Considering the growing body of evidence on blood-flow restriction(BFR)exercise in Hd patients,identification of possible risk factors related to the prothrombotic agent d-dimer is required for the safety and feasibility of this training model.The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors associated with higher d-dimer levels and to determine the acute effect of resistance exercise(RE)with BFR on this molecule.Methods:Two hundred and six Hd patients volunteered for this study(all with a glomerular filtration rate ofd of 50%arterial occlusion pressure during 50 min sessions of Hd(intradialytic exercise).RE repetitions included concentric and eccentric lifting phases(each lasting 2 s)and were supervised by a strength and conditioning specialist.Results:Several variables were associated with elevated levels of d-dimer,including higher blood glucose,citrate use,recent cardiovascular events,recent intercurrents,higher inflammatory status,catheter as vascular access,older patients(>70 years old),and Hd vintage.Furthermore,RE+BFR significantly increases d-dimer after 4 h.Patients with borderline baseline d-dimer levels(400-490 ng/mL)displayed increased risk of elevating d-dimer over the normal range(-500 ng/mL).Conclusion:These results identified factors associated with a heightened prothrombotic state and may assist in the screening process for Hd patients who wish to undergo RE+BFR.d-dimer and/or other fibrinolysis factors should be assessed at baseline and throughout the protocol as a precautionary measure to maximize safety during RE+BFR.

关键词： Blood-flow restriction Chronic kidney disease Coagulation Hemodialysis Vascular occlusion exercises

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Generalized Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity in presence of Block brane-like models

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第12期46卷 258-270页

作者： I.andrade d.Bazeia A.S.Lobão Jr. R.Menezes departamento de Física Universidade Federal da Paraíba58051-970 João PessoaPBBrazil Escola Técnica de Saúde de Cajazeiras Universidade Federal de Campina Grande58900-000 CajazeirasPBBrazil departamento de Ciências Exatas Universidade Federal da Paraíba58297-000 Rio TintoPBBrazil

We investigate generalized Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity,coupling the dilaton field with two scalar matter fields.We obtain the equations of motion for the fields and investigate a linear perturbation of the solutions in general.We study two specific situations that allow for analytic solutions with topological behavior and check how the dilaton field,the warp factor and the Ricci scalar behave.In particular,we show how the parameters can be used to modify the structure of the solutions.Moreover,the perturbations are,in general,described by intricate coupled differential equations,but in some specific cases,we can construct the corresponding zero modes analytically.

关键词： dilaton 2d gravity Multifield

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Effects of drinking water supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri,and a mixture of reuterin and microcin J25 on the growth performance,caecal microbiota and selected metabolites of broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1209-1221页

作者： Liya Zhang laila Ben Said Nadège Hervé Séverine Zirah Moussa Sory diarra Ismail Fliss Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods UniversitéLavalQCQuébecCanada Sollio Agriculture MontréalQCCanada Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleParisFrance Guelph Research and development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaGuelphONCanada.

Background:Since the overuse of antibiotics in animal production has led to a selection of antibiotic-resistant pathogens that affect humans and animals as well.Scientists are therefore searching for novel natural alternatives to antibiotics.In this study Lactobacillus reuteri and a combination of reuterin and microcin J25(RJ)were evaluated as promoters of growth and modulators of the cecal microbiota and metabolite profiles in broiler chickens.Oneday-old Cobb 500 male broilers were distributed to 8 treatments:negative control(without antibiotic),positive control(bacitracin),three concentrations of RJ and three doses of L.reuteri plus glycerol.The birds(2176,34 per pen,8 pens per treatment)were reared for 35 d.Results:The body weight of the bacitracin and 5 mmol/L reuterin combined with 0.08μmol/L microcin J25(10RJ)treatment group was significantly higher than that of the negative control group(Pd no significant effect on broiler growth.MiSeq high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA showed clustering of cecal microbial operational taxonomic unit diversity according to treatment.The influence of bacitracin and 10RJ on bacterial community overall structure was similar.They promoted Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae,increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and decreased the abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes,while the negative control condition favored Bacteroidaceae and Rikenellaceae.Furthermore,10RJ increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acid in the cecum and changed the metabolome overall.Conclusions:These overall suggest that 10RJ can promote a host-friendly gut environment by changing the cecal microbiome and metabolome.This combination of natural antimicrobial agents in the drinking water had a positive effect on broiler growth and may be suitable as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters.

关键词： Broiler chicken Lactobacillus reuteri Metabolome Microbiome Microcin J25 Reuterin SCFA

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Machine Learning Techniques for Software Maintainability Prediction:Accuracy Analysis

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第5期35卷 1147-1174页

作者： Sara Elmidaoui laila Cheikhi Ali Idri Alain Abran Softtrare Project Management TeamEcole Nationale Superieure d'Informattique et d'Analyse des SystemesMadinate Al IrfaneMohammed V University in Rabat.Agdal RabatBP 713Morocco department of Software Engineering&Infonnation Technology Ecole de Technologie Superieure(ETS)Montreal HSC IKSCanada

Maintaining software once implemented on the end-user side is laborious and,over its lifetime,is most often considerably more expensive than the initial software development.The prediction of software maintainability lias emerged as an important research topic to address industry expectations for reducing costs,in particular,maintenance costs.Researchers and practitioners have been working on proposing and identifying a variety of techniques ranging from statistical to machine learning(ML)for better prediction of software maintainability.This review has been carried out to analyze the empirical evidence on the accuracy of software product maintainability prediction(SPMP)using ML techniques.This paper analyzes and discusses the findings of 77 selected studies published from 2000 to 2018 according to the following criteria:maintainability prediction techniques,validation methods,accuracy criteria,overall accuracy of ML techniques,and the techniques offering the best performance.The review process followed the well-known syslematic review process.The results show that ML techniques are frequently used in predicting maintainability.In particular,artificial neural network(ANN),support vector machine/regression(SVM/R).regression&decision trees(dT),and fuzzy neuro fuzzy(FNF)techniques are more accurate in terms of PREd and MMRE.The N-fold and leave-one-out cross-validation methods,and the MMRE and PREd accuracy criteria are frequently used in empirical studies.In general,ML techniques outperformed non-machine learning techniques,e.g.,regression analysis(RA)techniques,while FNF outperformed SVM/R.dT.and ANN in most experiments.However,while many techniques were reported superior,no specific one can be identified as the best.

关键词： accuracy criterion accuracy value machine learning technique maintainability prediction

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deposition of Phosphate Nanoparticles onto Textile Fabrics via Sol-gel Method and Their Kinetics desorption Studies

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2020年第5期36卷 877-884页

作者： Mohamed El MESSOUdI Aicha BOUKHRISS laila SAdALLAH laila SAJId M'hamed El KOUALI Said GMOUH Laboratory REMTEX ESITHHigher School of Textile and Clothing Industties(ESITH)Kni8Route d'EL JADIDACasablancaMorocco Laboratory LIN1AT Faculty of Sciences Ben M'SikHassan II University of CasablancaB.P 5366 KiaarifCasablancaMorocco Laboratory LCAPCM Faculty of Sciences Ben M'SikHassan II Universityof CasablancaB.P 5366 MaarifCasablancaMorocco Laboratory L3GIE Mohamntadia School of EngineersMohammad V UniversityBP.765 Av.Ibn SinaAgdalRabatMorocco Laboratory LEC Higher School of Textile and Clothing Industries(ESITH)Km 8Route d'EL JADIDACasablancaMorocco

In this paper,phosphate nanoparticles were coated on cotton(CO)and polyester(PES)textile surfaces by sol-gel method using tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS)and chloropropyltriethoxysilane(CPTS)as silica precursors.The deposited nanoparticles were observed with scanning electronic microscopy energv-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM-EdX).The release kinetics of phosphorus(P)from these textiles into the aqueous medium(Aq),acid(Ac),and basic(Ba)artificial sweats were then studied.The released amount of phosphorus was evaluated by the inductively coupled plasma(ICP)according to ISO NF EN 16711-2 procedure.The results revealed that the release of P into the aqueous medium is lower than in the artificial sweat.The kinetics data[the phosphoras desorption amount(mg/g)as a iunction of time]were modeled according to five models:the first order,the second order,the third order,simple Elovich and parabolic diffusion.The suitable model was chosen based on the coefficient of determination(R2)and the calculation of the sum of the absolute errors(EABS),which describes the error between the theoretical and experimental values.SEM observations were also carried out on the fabrics after desorption in order to show the impact of desorption on their morphology.Furthermore,the impact of P release on the tensile strength of CO and PES fabrics was investigated using a uniaxial tensile test.The thennal stability of all samples before and after desorption was assessed by thermogravimetric aiialysis(ATG).

关键词： Sol-gel Coating Kinetic desorption Phospliate nanoparticle

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Photopic negative response in diagnosis of glaucoma:an experimental study in glaucomatous rabbit model

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第3期8卷 459-464页

作者： Amal A.El Gohary laila Hassan M.Elshazly department of Ocular Physiology Research Institute of Ophthalmology department of Ophthalmology Memorial Institute of Ophthalmology

AIM: To determine whether the photopic negative response(Ph NR) elicited by transient white flash on white background is characterizing for glaucoma model in rabbits.METHOdS: Glaucoma was induced in twelve rabbits by subconjunctival injection of 0.05 m L of betamethasone in right eyes(each 1 m L contain betamethasone dipropionate5 mg and betamethasone sodium phosphate 2 mg).The intraocular pressure(IOP), electroretinogram(ERG) and visual evoked potential(VEP) were measured successively prior and on the 3, 7d, two weeks and four weeks postglaucoma induction. After four weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the globes were histopathologically examined.RESULTS: The IOP increased significantly after one week(P =0.0001), then it gradually returned to the control level. In ERG examination, the means of a and b wave amplitude and latency were not affected significantly.Ph NR amplitude decreased significantly within one week(P =0.0001), but its latency was not affected significantly(P =0.132). The means of VEP latency and amplitude were significantly affected after two weeks and four weeks of glaucoma induction(P =0.0001 and 0.02,respectively). The histopathologic examination of the globes showed reduced number of cells in the retinal ganglion cell layer with multiple vacuoles in the retinal nerve fibre layer.There was significant positive correlation between ganglion cell layer cells and Ph NR amplitude( r =0.8, P =0.002).CONCLUSION: The rise in IOP resulted in irreversible changes or incomplete recovery of VEP and Ph NR amplitude. Both Ph NR and VEP represented good additional tools in early diagnosis of glaucoma.

关键词： glaucoma electrophysiology photopic negative response rabbits

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Anti-predator behavior along elevational and latitudinal gradients in dark-eyed juncos

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Current Zoology 2020年第3期66卷 239-245页

作者： Madelin andrade daniel T.BLUMSTEIN department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California621 Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA

Flight-initiation distance(FId),the distance between an individual and experimenter when it begins to flee,can be used to quantify risk-assessment.Among other factors,prior studies have shown that latitude explains significant variation in avian FId:at lower latitudes,individuals and species have longer FIds than those living at higher latitudes.No prior studies have focused on the effect of elevation on FId.Given the similar patterns of seasonality,climate,and potentially predator density,that covary between latitude and elevation,birds at higher elevations might tolerate closer approaches.We asked whether elevation or latitude would explain more variation in the FId of a common passerine bird species,dark-eyed juncos(Junco hyemalis).Juncos live in a variety of habitats along both latitudinal and elevational gradients.We found that statistical models containing elevation as a variable explained more of the variation in FId than did models containing latitude.We also found,unexpectedly,that birds at higher elevation fled at greater distances.While more predators were sighted per hour at higher elevations than at lower elevations,the frequency of predator sightings did not explain a significant amount of variation in FId.This result questions whether predator density is the main driver of risk perception along elevational gradients.Nonetheless,because elevation explains more variation in FId than latitude in at least one species,these findings have direct implications on how human impacts on birds are managed.Specifically,those designing set-back zones to reduce human impact on birds may consider modifying them based on both latitude and elevation.

关键词： antipredator behavior FId latitude elevation dark-eyed junco Junco hyemalis

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