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Local phenomena at grain boundaries:An alternative approach to grasp the role of oxygen vacancies in metallization of VO_(2)

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Journal of Materiomics 2018年第4期4卷 360-367页

作者： Wanheng Lu lai-mun wong Shijie Wang Kaiyang Zeng Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1117576Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for ScienceTechnologyand Research(A*STAR)Fusionopolis WayInnovis#08-03138634Singapore

Vanadium dioxide(VO_(2))undergoes an insulator to metal transition(MIT)and an accompanied phase transition from a monoclinic(M)structure to rutile(R)structure near room temperature,forming the basis for many VO_(2)-based functional *** MIT transition of VO_(2)and the functionality of VO_(2)-based devices can be controlled by a variety of chemical and physical *** these external stimuli,defects,such as oxygen vacancies,are often inevitably ***,due to the VeO systeminduced challenge to synthesize stable VO_(2)with different oxygen vacancy concentrations,the impact of oxygen vacancies on the resistance and transition of the VO_(2)is not fully *** vacancy,as one of the typical defects in VO_(2),is expected to concentrate at grain boundaries,and hence a concentration gradient of oxygen vacancies may exist between the grains interior and the boundaries,and this suggests a possibility to study the effects of oxygen vacancies on the transition of VO_(2)by probing local phenomena at the grain *** investigating local phenomena at the grain boundaries,Scanning Probe Microscopy(SPM)techniques are effective,which allows probing the structure and various properties at the *** this work,a series of SPM techniques,including Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM),conductive-AFM(c-AFM),Electrochemical Strain Microscopy(ESM),and Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy(KPFM),are employed to measure variations of the surface structure,the resistance,the oxygen vacancy concentration,and the work function between the grain interior and the grain *** has been demonstrated that,for most cases,both the resistance and the work function are lower at the grain boundaries as a result of the accumulation of oxygen vacancies at those *** addition,the resistance change induced by the electric field has been observed in the deposited VO_(2)thin films,which may be associated with the generation/annihilation of the oxygen vacancies,rather

关键词： Fermi level VO_(2)thin film c-AFM KPFM ESM

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Effects of oxygen and moisture on the I-V characteristics of TiO_(2) thin films

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Journal of Materiomics 2018年第3期4卷 228-237页

作者： Wanheng Lu lai-mun wong Shijie Wang Kaiyang Zeng Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1117576Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis WayInnovis#08-03138634Singapore

Current-voltage(I-V)characteristics well reveal the resistive switching performance of materials promising for the next-generation memory-resistance random access memory(ReRAM).It has been observed that the atmospheric environment can affect the resistive switching performance,but the origin of this effect is still under *** Atomic Force Microscopy(c-AFM)is widely used to study the resistive switching performance because of its capability to realize the resistive switching at the nanoscale that is becoming attractive as the miniaturization of memory *** study therefore aims to understand the effects of oxygen and moisture on the I-V characteristics of the TiO_(2)thin film by performing c-AFM measurements in ambient air,synthetic air,and argon *** is found that the oxygen in the environment can reduce the set and the reset voltages for the resistive switching,and it can also reduce the resistance at the low resistance state(LRS).Where the moisture in the environment can increase the set and reset voltages,and increase the resistance at *** effects of oxygen and moisture in the environment can be attributed to the modification of the effective electric field during the resistive switching processes,which have been further confirmed by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy(KPFM)*** addition,it is found that the local ionic dynamics of TiO_(2)during the resistive switching are strongly dependent of the environments by performing the FORC-IV(First Order Reversal Curve-Current-Voltage)measurements in the three gas *** in this work can provide a new perspective on the effect of environments on the resistive switching of materials,that is,the modulation of the effective electric field due to the adsorption of oxygen and moisture under the c-AFM tip.

关键词： Resistive switching Environmental control c-AFM KPFM FORC-IV

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Selective hydrogenation improves interface properties of high-k dielectrics on 2D semiconductors

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Nano Research 2022年第5期15卷 4646-4652页

作者： Yulin Yang Tong Yang Tingting Song Jun Zhou Jianwei Chai lai mun wong Hongyi Zhang Wenzhang Zhu Shijie Wang Ming Yang Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Devices School of Optoelectronic and Communication EngineeringXiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361024China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARChina College of Physics and Space Science China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637002China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis WayInnovis 138634Singapore

The integration of high-k dielectrics with two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors is a critical step towards high-performance nanoelectronics,which however remains challenging due to the high density of interface states and the damage to the monolayer 2D *** this study,we propose a selective hydrogenation strategy to improve the interface properties while the 2D semiconductors are not *** the interface of monolayer molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))and silicon nitride as an example,we show substantially improved interface properties for electronic applications after the interfacial hydrogenation,as evidenced by reduced inhomogeneous charge redistribution,increased band offset,and nearly intact electronic properties of MoS_(2).Importantly,this hydrogenation process selectively occurs only at the silicon nitride surface and is compatible with the current semiconductor fabrication *** further show that this strategy is general and applicable to other interfaces between high-k dielectrics and 2D semiconductors such as hafnium dioxide(HfO_(2))on the monolayer MoS_(2).Our results demonstrate a simple yet viable way to improve the integration of high-k dielectrics on a broad range of 2D transition metal disulfide semiconductors,shedding light on practical electronic and optoelectronic applications.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)materials high-k dielectrics molybdenum disulfide interfacial properties transition metal disulfide(TMD)

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Thermal pyrolysis conversion of methane to hydrogen(H_(2)):A review on process parameters,reaction kinetics and techno-economic analysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 62-73页

作者： Yi Herng Chan Zhe Phak Chan Serene Sow mun Lock Chung Loong Yiin Shin Ying Foong Mee Kee wong Muhammad Anwar Ishak Ven Chian Quek Shengbo Ge Su Shiung Lam PETRONAS Research Sdn.Bhd.(PRSB) Kawasan Institusi BangiLot 3288&3289Off Jalan Ayer ItamKajang 43000Malaysia PETRONAS Carbon Capture&Storage(CCS)Enterprise PETRONAS Twin TowersKuala Lumpur City CentreKuala Lumpur 50088Malaysia CO_(2)Research Center(CO2RES) Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar 32610Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia Sarawak(UNIMAS)Kota Samarahan 94300Malaysia Institute of Sustainable and Renewable Energy(ISuRE) Universiti Malaysia Sarawak(UNIMAS)Kota Samarahan 94300Malaysia Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE) Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries(AKUATROP)Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala Nerus 21030Malaysia Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Center for Global Health Research(CGHR) Saveetha Medical CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)Saveetha UniversityChennai 602105India

Hydrogen(H_(2))is a promising renewable energy which finds wide applications as the world gears toward low-carbon ***,current H_(2) production via steam methane reforming of natural gas or gasification of coal are laden with high CO_(2) ***,methane(CH_(4))pyrolysis has emerged as a potential technology to generate low-carbon H_(2) and solid *** this review,the current state-of-art and recent progress of H_(2) production from CH_(4) pyrolysis are reviewed in *** such as funda-mental mechanism and chemistry involved,effect of process parameters on the conversion efficiency and reaction kinetics for various reaction media and catalysts are elucidated and critically ***-ature,among other factors,plays the most critical influence on the methane pyrolysis *** metal/salt could lower the operating temperature of methane pyrolysis to1000℃.Based on the reaction kinetics,metal-based cata-lysts were more efficient in lowering the activation energy of the reaction to 29.5-88 kJ/mol from that of uncatalyzed reaction(147-420.7 kJ/mol).Besides,the current techno-economic performance of the pro-cess reveals that the levelized cost of H_(2) is directly influenced by the sales price of carbon(by-product)generated,which could offset the overall ***,the main challenges of reactor design for efficient product separation and retrieval,as well as catalyst deactivation/poisoning need to be debottlenecked.

关键词： Pyrolysis Methane Hydrogen Reaction kinetics Techno-economic analysis

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Prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function among Asian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 241-248页

作者： Chao Sun George Boon-Bee Goh Wan-Cheng Chow Wah-Kheong Chan Grace lai-Hung wong Wai-Kay Seto Yi-Hsiang Huang Han-Chieh Lin I-Cheng Lee Hye Won Lee Seung Up Kim Vincent Wai-Sun wong Jian-Gao Fan Center for Fatty Liver Disease Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai 200092China Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Faculty of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic ***,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function in patients with NAFLD remain *** objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal impairment in NAFLD ***:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD and transient elastography examination from eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective *** fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 *** renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)with value of<90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) and<60 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),respectively,as estimated by the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)***:Among 529 included NAFLD patients,the prevalence rates of impaired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,*** multivariate analysis,a moderate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(P<0.05).Furthermore,increased fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with impaired renal function after controlling for the other components of metabolic syndrome(P<0.05).Compared with patients with normoglycemia,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 mmol/L or hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were more likely to have impaired renal function(P<0.05).Conclusions:Agile 3+and Agile 4 are reliable for identifying NAFLD patients with high risk of *** glycemic control in the prediabetic stage might have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Impaired renal function Agile 3+ Agile 4 Metabolic syndrome

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Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on incidence and treatment strategies of hepatocellular carcinoma in people with chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 211-228页

作者： Lung-Yi Mak Matthew Shing Hin Chung Xue Li Francisco Tsz Tsun lai Eric Yuk Fai Wan Celine Sze Ling Chui Franco Wing Tak Cheng Esther Wai Yin Chan Ching Lung Cheung Ivan Chi Ho Au Xi Xiong Wai-Kay Seto Man-Fung Yuen Carlos King Ho wong Ian Chi Kei wong Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health(D24H) Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongChina Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Nursing The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Department of Practice and Policy University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom Aston School of Pharmacy Aston UniversityBirmingham B47ETUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease(CLD)was associated with adverse clinical outcomes among people with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** To determine the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the incidence and treatment strategy of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)among patients with *** A retrospective,territory-wide cohort of CLD patients was identified from an electronic health database in Hong *** with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection[coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)+CLD]between January 1,2020 and October 25,2022 were identified and matched 1:1 by propensity-score with those without(COVID-19-CLD).Each patient was followed up until death,outcome event,or November 15,*** outcome was incidence of *** outcomes included all-cause mortality,adverse hepatic outcomes,and different treatment strategies to HCC(curative,non-curative treatment,and palliative care).Analyses were further stratified by acute(within 20 d)and post-acute(21 d or beyond)phases of SARS-CoV-2 *** rate ratios(IRRs)were estimated by Poisson regression *** Of 193589 CLD patients(>95%non-cirrhotic)in the cohort,55163 patients with COVID-19+CLD and 55163 patients with COVID-19-CLD were included after 1:1 propensity-score *** 249-d median follow-up,COVID-19+CLD was not associated with increased risk of incident HCC(IRR:1.19,95%CI:0.99-1.42,P=0.06),but higher risks of receiving palliative care for HCC(IRR:1.60,95%CI:1.46-1.75,P<0.001),compared to *** both acute and post-acute phases of infection,COVID-19+CLD were associated with increased risks of allcause mortality(acute:IRR:7.06,95%CI:5.78-8.63,P<0.001;post-acute:IRR:1.24,95%CI:1.14-1.36,P<0.001)and adverse hepatic outcomes(acute:IRR:1.98,95%CI:1.79-2.18,P<0.001;post-acute:IRR:1.24,95%CI:1.13-1.35,P<0.001),compared to *** Although CLD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were not associated with increased risk of HCC,they

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 infection Chronic liver disease Long COVID Post-COVID-19 syndrome Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Assessment of Pb uptake,translocation and immobilization in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) for phytoremediation of sand tailings

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第11期20卷 1341-1347页

作者： HO Wai mun ANG lai Hoe LEE Don Koo Forest Research Institute Malaysia 52109 KepongSelangorMalaysia Department of Forest Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 151-921Korea

The potential of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) for phytoremediation of lead (Pb) on sand tailings was investigated.A pot experiment employing factorial design with two main effects of fertilizer and lead was conducted in a nursery using sand tailings from an ex-tin mine as the growing *** showed that Pb was found in the root,stem,and seed capsule of kenaf but not in the *** of organic fertilizer promoted greater biomass yield as well as higher accumulation capacity of *** Pb-spike...

关键词： kenaf lead fertilizer bioaccumulation capacity phytoremediation

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Enhance of TiO_2 dopants incorporated reduced graphene oxide via RF magnetron sputtering for efficient dye-sensitised solar cells

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Rare Metals 2018年第11期37卷 919-928页

作者： Foo Wah Low Chin Wei lai Kian mun Lee Joon Ching Juan Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre Institute Postgraduate Studies University of Malaya

In particular, the dye-sensitised solar cells(DSSCs) have a high potential in the rational energy conversion efficiency to secure our sustainable energy *** the present study, advanced radio frequency(RF) magnetron sputtering technique was applied to incorporate titanium dioxide(TiO) dopants into reduced graphene oxide(rGO) nanosheet for improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of DSSCs device. An optimum TiOcontent incorporated onto rGO nanosheet plays an important role in improving the PCE of DSSCs by minimising the recombination losses of photo-induced charge *** on the results obtained, 40-s sputtering duration for incorporating TiOdopants onto rGO nanosheet exhibits a maximum PCE of 8.78% than that of pure rGO film(0.68%). In fact, the presence of optimum content of TiOdopants within rGO nanosheet could act as mediators for efficient separation photo-induced charge carriers. However, the excessive of sputtering duration(e.g. 60 s) of TiOdopants onto rGO nanosheet results higher charge recombination and lowers the PCE of DSSCs(5.39%).

关键词： Dye-sensitised solar cell RF magnetron sputtering Titanium dioxide Reduced graphene oxide

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Perioperative and late outcomes of laparoscopic fundoplication for neurologically impaired children with gastro-esophageal reflux disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第21期125卷 3905-3908页

作者： wong Kenneth KY LIU Xue-lai Department of Surgery LKS Faculty of Medicine The Universityof Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

Background Persistent gastro-esophageal reflux （GER） due to various pathological factors often results in overt clinical symptoms and signs, which is termed as gastro-esophageal reflux disease （GERD）. Affected children usually present with failure to thrive, recurrent pneumonia or apnea. Many neurologically impaired children have symptoms related to GERD. Although laparoscopic fundoplication has been established to be an effective treatment modality for children with GERD, data on its role and long-term efficacy for neurologically impaired patients remain sparse. The aim of this study was to review the results of such patients who underwent laparoscopic fundoplication.

关键词： laparoscopic fundoplication gastro-esophageal reflux disease neurological impaired patients outcomes

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Use of graphene-based materials as carriers of bioactive agents

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2021年第5期16卷 577-588页

作者： Wing-Fu lai Wing-Tak wong Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine School of Life and Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong Kong(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518172China Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongSpecial Administrative RegionChina

Graphene possesses a large specific surface area, a high Young’s modulus, high fracture strength, high electrical conductivity, and excellent optical performance. It has been widely studied for biomedical use since its first appearance in the literature. This article offers an overview of the latest advances in the design of graphene-based materials for delivery of bioactive agents. To enhance the translation of these carriers into practical use, the toxicity involved is needed to be examined in future research in more detail. In addition, guidelines for standardizing experimental conditions during the evaluation of the performance of graphene-based materials are required to be established so that candidates showing higher practical potential can be more effectively identified for further development. This can streamline the optimization and use of graphene-based materials in delivery applications.

关键词： Graphene Carbon Nanomaterial Loading Controlled release

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