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Prevention and management of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with hematological malignancies treated with anticancer therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6484-6500页

作者： Man Fai Law Rita Ho Carmen KM Cheung Lydia HP tam Karen Ma Kent CY so Bonaventure Ip Jacqueline so Jennifer lai Joyce Ng Tommy HC tam Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales HospitalHong Kong China Department of Medicine North District HospitalHong Kong China

Hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation can be severe and potentially fatal, but is preventable. HBV reactivation is most commonly reported in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy, especially rituximabcontaining therapy for hematological malignancies and those receiving stem cell transplantation. All patients with hematological malignancies receiving anticancer therapy should be screened for active or resolved HBV infection by blood tests for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag) and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen(antiHBc). Patients found to be positive for HBs Ag should be given prophylactic antiviral therapy to prevent HBV reactivation. For patients with resolved HBV infection, no standard strategy has yet been established to prevent HBV reactivation. There are usually two options. One is pre-emptive therapy guided by serial HBV DNA monitoring, whereby antiviral therapy is given as soon as HBV DNA becomes detectable. However, there is little evidence regarding the optimal interval and period of monitoring. An alternative approach is prophylactic antiviral therapy, especially for patients receiving highrisk therapy such as rituximab, newer generation of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, obinutuzumab or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This strategy may effectively prevent HBV reactivation and avoid the inconvenience of repeated HBV DNA monitoring. Entecavir or tenofovir are preferred over lamivudine as prophylactic therapy. Although there is no well-defined guideline on the optimal duration of prophylactic therapy, there is growing evidence to recommend continuing prophylactic antiviral therapy for at least 12 mo after cessation of chemotherapy, and even longer for those who receive rituximab or who had high serum HBV DNA levels before the start of immunosuppressive therapy. Many novel agents have recently become available for the treatment of hematological malignancies, and these agents may be associated with HBV reactivation. Although ther

关键词： Hepatitis B virus reactivation Hematological malignancies Rituximab Hematopoietic stem cell transplant Prophylactic antiviral therapy

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Pathological mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 543-549页

作者： Yaojun Ju Kin Yip tam Faculty of Health sciences University of MacaoAvenida de UniversidadeTaipaMacao Special Adiministrative RegionChina

Alzheimer's disease is a rather complex neurodegenerative disease,which is attributed to a combination of multiple *** the many pathological pathways,synaptic dysfunctions,such as synapses loss and deficits in synaptic plasticity,were thought to be strongly associated with cognitive *** deficiencies in various sorts of neurotransmissions are responsible for the multifarious neurodegenerative symptoms in Alzheimer's disease,for example,the cholinergic and glutamatergic deficits for cognitive decline,the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission dyshomeostasis for synaptic plasticity deficits and epileptiform symptoms,and the monoamine neurotransmission for neuropsychiatric *** cascade hypothesis is the most popular pathological theory to explain Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and attracts considerable *** lines of genetic and pathological evidence support the predominant role of amyloid beta in Alzheimer's disease *** tangles assembled by microtubule-associated protein tau are other important histopathological characteristics in Alzheimer's disease *** of tau toxicity was proved to lead to neuron damage,neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in *** is the main risk factor of neurodegenerative diseases,and is associated with inflammation,oxidative stress,reduced metabolism,endocrine insufficiencies and organ *** aging related risk factors were also proved to be some of the risk factors contributing to Alzheimer's *** Alzheimer's disease drug development,many good therapeutic strategies have been investigated in clinical ***,complex mechanism of Alzheimer's disease and the interplay among different pathological factors call for the come out of allpowerful therapies with multiple curing *** review seeks to summarize some of the representative treatments targeting different pathological pathways currently under clinical ***

关键词： Alzheimer's disease pathological pathways drug development multiple pathologies

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The mutual interaction between the host spinal cord and grafted undifferentiated stem cells fosters the production of a lesion-induced secretome

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第10期15卷 1844-1845页

作者： Krisztián Pajer tamás Bellák Antal Nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged

Pathophysiology of spinal cord injury:Injury to the spinal cord results in loss of gray and white matter i.e.,it produces a segmental spinal cord lesion and,as a consequence leads to a fatal loss of motor,sensory and autonomic *** cord injuries in humans and other mammals are not followed by the replacement of lost neurons and oligodendrocytes and regrowth of injured axons,instead they lead to permanent,fatal and incurable functional *** primary physical injury is followed by a cascade of tissue-decaying events,called secondary injury,which leads to ischemia,vascular disruption,neuroinflammation,excitotoxicity,demyelination and death of neurons and glial cells(silva et al.,2014;Figure 1A).The direct mechanical disruption of the vasculature results in the increased permeability of the blood-spinal cord *** to the leakiness of blood-spinal cord barrier and production of cytokines by activated microglia,a number of various immune cells(T lymphocytes,neutrophils and monocytes)invade the injury *** macrophages generate a set of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1α,IL-1β,and IL-6,which may further augment the secondary events(Ahuja et al.,2017).In addition,a number of other disruptive processes contribute to the heterogeneous and time-sensitive pathophysiology of spinal cord injury.

关键词： mutual Figure injuries

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Phase-field lattice Boltzmann model for dendrites growing and moving in melt flow

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 140-149页

作者： LászlóRátkai tamás Pusztai LászlóGránásy Wigner Research Centre for Physics P.O.Box 49H-1525 BudapestHungary Brunel Centre of Advanced solidification Technology Brunel UniversityUxbridgeMiddlesex UB83PHUK

The phase-field and lattice Boltzmann methods have been combined to simulate the growth of solid particles moving in melt *** handle mobile particles,an overlapping multigrid scheme was developed,in which each individual particle has its own moving grid,with local fields attached to *** this approach we were able to simulate simultaneous binary solidification,solute diffusion,melt flow,solid motion,the effect of gravity,and collision of the *** method has been applied for describing two possible modes of columnar to equiaxed transition in the Al–Ti system.

关键词： solidification moving lattice

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HIGHER-ORDER DUALITY FOR A CLAss OF NONDIFFERENTIABLE MULTIOBJECTIVE PROGRAMMING PROBLEMs INVOLVING GENERALIZED TYPE I AND RELATED FUNCTIONs

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Journal of systems science & Complexity 2011年第5期24卷 883-891页

作者： s. K. MIsHRA shouyang WANG Kin Keung lai Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India Institute of systems science Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Management sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Hong Kong China

This paper extends the class of generalized type I functions introduced by Aghezzaf and Hachimi（2000） to the context of higher-order case and formulate a number of higher-order duals to a non-differentiable multi-objective programming problem and establishes higher-order duality results under the higher-order generalized type I functions introduced in the present paper, A special case that appears repeatedly in the literature is that the support function is the square root of a positive semi-definite quadratic form. This and other special cases can be readily generated from these results.

关键词： Generalized convexity higher order duality non-differentiable nonlinear programming support function.

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Endangered lowland oak forest steppe remnants keep unique bird species richness in Central Hungary

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 343-355页

作者： GáborÓnodi Zoltán Botta‑Dukát Dániel Winkler tamás Rédei Institute of Ecology and Botany Centre for Ecological ResearchVácrátótHungary Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of ViennaViennaAustria Institute of Wildlife Management and Wildlife Biology University of SopronSopronHungary

The biodiversity of natural or semi-natural native,old oak woodlands have high conservation importance,especially in landscapes of monocultural forest plantations and arable *** a wider variety of microhabitats and foraging sources,such old oak forests can provide essential habitat for native forest bird *** conducted a study using bird point counts to compare the forest bird communities of old pedunculate oak(Quercus robur)remnants with native and non-native plantations in central Hungary in a landscape of mostly arable fields,settlements,and monocultural *** surveys were carried out in old oak forest remnants,middle-aged oak,white poplar(Populus alba),hybrid poplar(Populus×euramericana),black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia),and pine(Pinus spp.)*** has been carried out in nine study sites,where all six habitat types were represented(with a few exceptions),to determine total abundance,species richness,shannon–Wiener diversity,species evenness,dominant and indicator species,and guild *** found that old oak forest remnants were the most diverse habitats among the studied forest types,while hybrid poplar and pine plantations exhibited the lowest avian *** avian guilds most sensitive to the loss of old oak forest remnants were ground foragers,bark foragers,cavity-nesters,residents,and Mediterranean migratory *** habitats were more diverse than non-native *** results suggest that it is important to conserve all remaining high biodiversity old oak stands and to avoid clear-cutting of monocultural plantations in favour of practices such as mixed-species plantations,longer rotation lengths,or retention forestry.

关键词： Forest bird community Bird conservation Old oak forest-steppe remnant Plantation forestry Forest conservation Non-native plantation

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Knowledge-driven decision analytics for commercial banking

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Journal of Management Analytics 2020年第2期7卷 209-230页

作者： K.s.Law Fu-lai Chung Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Although the corporate relationship manager seems to be the key enabler in commercial banking,the personal relationship sales model is not a sustainable model for the paradigm shift in digital financial *** this research,we propose a knowledge-driven decision analytics approach to improve the decision ***,most of the corporate client documents processed in banks are not well-structured and the traditional analysis approach does not consider the document structure,which carries rich semantic *** propose a document structure-based text representation approach with incorporating auxiliary information in the predictive analytics of unstructured data to improve the performance in the document classification *** proposed approach significantly outperforms the traditional whole document approach which does not take into considerations of the document *** the proposed approach,knowledge can be effectively and efficiently used for business decisions and planning to improve the competitive advantage and substantiality of banks.

关键词： document classification information retrieval informatics document structure analysis auxiliary information

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Exacerbated VEGF up-regulation accompanies diabetes-aggravated hemorrhage in mice after experimental cerebral ischemia and delayed reperfusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1566-1575页

作者： Angela Ka Wai lai Tsz Chung Ng Victor Ka Lok Hung Ka Cheung tam Chi Wai Cheung sookja Kim Chung Amy Cheuk Yin Lo Department of Ophthalmology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Department of Anesthesiology Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for PainThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Macao University of science and Technology TaipaMacao Special Administration RegionChinaSchool of Biomedical SciencesThe State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina

Reperfusion therapy is the preferred treatment for ischemic stroke,but is hindered by its short treatment window,especially in patients with diabetes whose reperfusion after prolonged ischemia is often accompanied by exacerbated *** mechanisms underlying exacerbated hemorrhage are not fully *** study aimed to identify this mechanism by inducing prolonged 2-hour transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion in diabetic Ins2Akita/+mice to mimic patients with diabetes undergoing delayed mechanical *** results showed that at as early as 2 hours after reperfusion,Ins2Akita/+mice exhibited rapid development of neurological deficits,increased infarct and hemorrhagic transformation,together with exacerbated down-regulation of tight-junction protein ZO-1 and upregulation of blood-brain barrier-disrupting matrix metallopeptidase 2 and matrix metallopeptidase 9 when compared with normoglycemic Ins2+/+*** indicated that diabetes led to the rapid compromise of vessel integrity immediately after reperfusion,and consequently earlier death and further aggravation of hemorrhagic transformation 22 hours after *** observation was associated with earlier and stronger up-regulation of pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and its downstream phospho-Erk1/2 at 2 hours after reperfusion,which was suggestive of premature angiogenesis induced by early VEGF up-regulation,resulting in rapid vessel disintegration in diabetic *** reticulum stress-related pro-apoptotic C/EBP homologous protein was overexpressed in challenged Ins2Akita/+mice,which suggests that the exacerbated VEGF up-regulation may be caused by overwhelming endoplasmic reticulum stress under diabetic *** conclusion,the results mimicked complications in patients with diabetes undergoing delayed mechanical thrombectomy,and diabetes-induced accelerated VEGF up-regulation is likely to underlie exacerbated hemorrhagic transformat

关键词： blood-brain barrier brain injury diabetes mellitus hemorrhagic transformation infarct ischemia/reperfusion injury middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model stroke vascular endothelial growth factor

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Recent advancement of flow-induced piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting techniques:principles,structures,and nonlinear designs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第7期43卷 959-978页

作者： Dongxing CAO Junru WANG Xiangying GUO s.K.lai Yongjun sHEN Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Beijing Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Vibrations and strength of Mechanical structures Beijing 100124China school of Automation Beijing Information Science and Technology UniversityBeiing 100192China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Branch of National Rail Transit Electrification and Automation Engineering Technology Research Center The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina state Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and system safety of Traffic Engineering structures Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China

Energy harvesting induced from flowing fluids(e.g.,air and water flows)is a well-known process,which can be regarded as a sustainable and renewable energy *** addition to traditional high-efficiency devices(e.g.,turbines and watermills),the micro-power extracting technologies based on the flow-induced vibration(FIV)effect have sparked great concerns by virtue of their prospective applications as a self-power source for the microelectronic devices in recent *** article aims to conduct a comprehensive review for the FIV working principle and their potential applications for energy ***,various classifications of the FIV effect for energy harvesting are briefly introduced,such as vortex-induced vibration(VIV),galloping,flutter,and wake-induced vibration(WIV).Next,the development of FIV energy harvesting techniques is reviewed to discuss the research works in the past three *** application of hybrid FIV energy harvesting techniques that can enhance the harvesting performance is also ***,the nonlinear designs of FIV-based energy harvesters are reported in this study,e.g.,multi-stability and limit-cycle oscillation(LCO)***,advanced FIV-based energy harvesting studies for fluid engineering applications are briefly ***,conclusions and future outlook are summarized.

关键词： vibration-driven energy harvesting flow-induced vibration(FIV) piezoelectric approach nonlinear design

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seeing Human Weight from a single RGB-D Image

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Journal of Computer science & Technology 2014年第5期29卷 777-784页

作者： tam V. Nguyen 冯佳时颜水成 ARTIC Centre Department for TechnologyInnovation and Enterprise Singapore Polytechnic Singapore 139651 Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeley CA 94720 U.S.A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583 Singapore Senior MemberIEEE

Human weight estimation is useful in a variety of potential applications, e.g., targeted advertisement, entertainment scenarios and forensic science. However, estimating weight only from color cues is particularly challenging since these cues are quite sensitive to lighting and imaging conditions. In this article, we propose a novel weight estimator based on a single RGB-D image, which utilizes the visual color cues and depth information. Our main contributions are ***, we construct the W8-RGBD dataset including RGB-D images of different people with ground truth weight. second,the novel sideview shape feature and the feature fusion model are proposed to facilitate weight estimation. Additionally, we consider gender as another important factor for human weight estimation. Third, we conduct comprehensive experiments using various regression models and feature fusion models on the new weight dataset, and encouraging results are obtained based on the proposed features and models.

关键词： RGB-D image depth information human weight estimation

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