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分裂与重塑:吐蕃王朝灭亡前后的历史进程

青海师范大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第3期46卷 11-17页

作者：叶拉太青海民族大学民族学与社会学学院青海西宁810007

据新发现资料显示,吐蕃赞普王朝灭亡时间当在贝科赞赞普被杀之后,灭亡之原因主要与此时平民暴动有关。从藏传佛教发展史来看,“前弘期”和“后弘期”只是一种相对的历史分期概念,佛教在卫藏销声匿迹,但在西部阿里、东部多康地区依然流... 详细信息

据新发现资料显示,吐蕃赞普王朝灭亡时间当在贝科赞赞普被杀之后,灭亡之原因主要与此时平民暴动有关。从藏传佛教发展史来看,“前弘期”和“后弘期”只是一种相对的历史分期概念,佛教在卫藏销声匿迹,但在西部阿里、东部多康地区依然流传延续,并未中断。其中,西部阿里作为吐蕃王朝正统世袭王朝赞普所居之地,有其特殊的历史地位和政治社会生态。由于吐蕃王朝兴盛时名门望族在此地传播佛法和处于边地的原因,阿里此时仍然处于一种佛光仍未熄灭、佛事仍未中断的非常时期,传佛活动以小规模、小范围形式继续进行。另外,据《拉喇嘛益西沃广传》所载几份敕令和法敕,基本能肯定他既是赞普,又是“喇嘛”,行使着双重身份的职权,从而出现了后吐蕃时期特殊的政治体制。因此,吐蕃王朝灭亡前后的历史进程是一种政治的分裂与宗教的重塑阶段,统一格局的分裂导致吐蕃王朝分崩离析,而佛教对政治、社会的重塑影响了政教结构,政教合一制度由此形成。

关键词：吐蕃王朝后吐蕃时期社会转型政教合一

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Zr-2.5Sn合金高温腐蚀过程的相场模拟

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物理学报 2024年第14期73卷 258-267页

作者：刘续希高士森喇永孝玉栋梁柳文波西安交通大学核科学与技术学院西安710049 西安交通大学陕西省先进核能技术重点实验室西安710049

本工作利用腐蚀电化学计算腐蚀界面能,构建了锆合金腐蚀过程的相场模型.首先,利用所建立的模型模拟了Zr-2.5Sn合金均匀腐蚀过程,模拟结果显示该合金的腐蚀动力学曲线符合立方规律,与实验结果一致.分析发现,在氧化层生成的初期,氧化层生... 详细信息

本工作利用腐蚀电化学计算腐蚀界面能,构建了锆合金腐蚀过程的相场模型.首先,利用所建立的模型模拟了Zr-2.5Sn合金均匀腐蚀过程,模拟结果显示该合金的腐蚀动力学曲线符合立方规律,与实验结果一致.分析发现,在氧化层生成的初期,氧化层生长速率很高,但是受温度的影响不明显;随着氧化层厚度的增长,温度对氧化层生长曲线的影响变大,温度越高腐蚀速率越快.多晶Zr-2.5Sn合金腐蚀行为的模拟结果表明,在锆合金基体晶界处由于具有更大的氧扩散速率,氧化速率加快,并在金属-氧化层界面朝向金属基体一侧形成了沿晶界的具有更高浓度的O^(2–)带,且对氧化腐蚀速率的影响主要表现在氧化初期,相场模拟获得的腐蚀动力学曲线与实验结果符合非常好.

关键词：相场模拟 Zr-2.5Sn 合金腐蚀动力学晶界腐蚀

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西藏交通警察道路执法工作的风险与防范

时代汽车 2024年第12期 184-186页

作者：尼桑拉西藏警官高等专科学校西藏拉萨850000

西藏自治区自然、地理与气候环境复杂且特殊,道路交通环境相对恶劣,这导致当地交通警察道路执法工作面临诸多风险,包括警员人身安全和执法效能等风险。对此,文章对西藏交通警察道路执法工作风险进行了调查分析,从地区环境、警员安全意... 详细信息

西藏自治区自然、地理与气候环境复杂且特殊,道路交通环境相对恶劣,这导致当地交通警察道路执法工作面临诸多风险,包括警员人身安全和执法效能等风险。对此,文章对西藏交通警察道路执法工作风险进行了调查分析,从地区环境、警员安全意识与技能、执法装备、社会宣传和教育等角度探讨了相关风险的成因,针对性相关风险成因,提出从优化警力配置与道路信息推送、加强警员培训、完善警务装备、加强法治化宣传教育等工作来消除相关风险,以期保障警员安全并改善西藏交通环境。

关键词：西藏道路执法信息推送警用装备法治化 harsh which leads to the local traﬃc police road law enforcement work to face a lot of risks including the personal safety of the police oﬃcers and law enforcement eﬀectiveness and other risks. In this regard this paper investigates and analyzes the risks of road law enforcement work of the Xi Zang traﬃc police discusses the causes of the risks from the perspectives of regional environment police safety awareness and skills law enforcement equipment social publicity and education and proposes to eliminate the risks by optimizing the allocation of police force and road information delivery strengthening police training improving police equipment and strengthening the rule of law publicity and education etc. so as to guarantee the safety of police oﬃcers and improve the eﬀectiveness of law enforcement so as to ensure the safety of police oﬃcers and improve the traﬃc environment in Xi Zang.

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Corrigendum to'Cancer chemotherapy and beyond:Current status,drug candidates,associated risks and progress in targeted therapeutics'[Genes&Diseases 10(2023)1367-1401]

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 426-427页

作者： Uttpal Anand Abhijit Dey Arvind K.Singh Chandel Rupa Sanyal Amarnath Mishra Devendra Kumar Pandey Valentina De Falco Arun Upadhyay Ramesh Kandimalla Anupama Chaudhary Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal Saikat Dewanjee Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu Jose M.Perez de la lastra Department of Life Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 84105Israel Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest Bengal 700073India Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Botany Bhairab Ganguly College(affliated to West Bengal State University)KolkataWest Bengal 700056India Faculty of Science and Technology Amity Institute of Forensic SciencesAmity University Uttar PradeshNoida 201313India Department of Biotechnology School of Bioengineering and BiosciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjab 144411India Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology(IEOS) National Research Council(CNR)Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology(DMMBM)University of Naples FedericoⅡNaples 80131Italy Department of Biochemistry School of Life SciencesCentral University of RajasthanBandar SindariKishangarhAjmerRajasthan 305817India CSiR-indian Institute of Chemical Technology HyderabadTelangana 500007India Department of Biochemistry Kakatiya Medical CollegeWarangalTelangana 506007India Orinin-BioSystems LE-52Lotus Road 4CHD CityKarnalHaryana 132001India Department of Computational Biology Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi(ⅢT-D)Okhla Industrial EstatePhaseⅢNew Delhi 110020India Advanced Pharmacognosy Research laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyJadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India Department of Physics National Institute of Technology-WarangalWarangalTelangana 506004India Biotechnology of Macromolecules Research Group Instituto de Productos Naturales y AgrobiologiaIPNA-CSICSan Cristobal de La Laguna 38206TenerifeSpain

In the published article,there was an error in the affiliation information about the first author Uttpal Anand[a].Instead of"Department of Life Sciences,Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva 84105,Israel",it should be"CytoGene Research&Development LLP,K-51,UPSIDA Industrial Area,Kursi Road(Lucknow),***,225001,Uttar Pradesh,India".The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of thearticle inanyway.

关键词： Cancer Cor targeted

Camalote Grass (Paspalum fasciculatum Willd) as a Sustainable Raw Material for the Production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2024年第2期14卷 23-33页

作者： María Luz May-Reyes Cintya Valerio-Cárdenas Gloria Ivette Bolio-López Manuel Mateo Hernández-Villegas Miguel Ángel Velázquez-Carmona Patricia De la Cruz-Burelo Research and Postgraduate Coordination Universidad Popular de la Chontalpa Crdenas Tabasco Mexico

The current trend of replacing a percentage of gasoline with ethanol has promoted the development of new processes for its production from lignocellulosic biomass. This work reports the production of ethanol from the Camalote grass (Paspalum fasciculatum Willd). The lignocellulosic biomass was subjected to acid hydrolysis at 125C and 15 psi with H2SO4 concentrations at 5%, 10%, and 20%, obtaining an average of reducing sugars (pentoses and hexoses) from the hydrolyzed juice with 12.3%, 10%, and 17% Brix, respectively. The sugars were fermented using yeast of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30C for 48 hours. Finally, the ethanol was distilled at 78C, and the average yields were obtained through analysis of variance with a 95% confidence level. The values indicate that there is a significant difference (p > 0.05), the Tukey study shows that all the % v/v averages are different from each other. For H2SO4 concentration at 5% (10.33 ± 2), H2SO4 at 10% (9.33 ± 1.8), and H2SO4 at 20% (6.33 ± 2). The acidity analysis for the ethanol obtained from each treatment gave a value of 1.8 mg/L of acetic acid in all cases.

关键词： Lignocellulosic Ethanol Lignocellulosic Biomass Camalote Grass Acid Hydrolysis Energy Crops

城市应急韧性能力评价及提升路径研究——以山西省为例

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防灾科技学院学报 2024年第2期26卷 20-28页

作者：喇娟娟李曼新疆大学政治与公共管理学院新疆乌鲁木齐830046

基于韧性理论,从经济、社会、生态和基础设施4个韧性维度构建应急能力指标体系。首先运用熵值法确定权重,其次运用线性加权和法对2020—2022年期间山西省城市的韧性建设水平进行综合韧性、分维度韧性评价,并运用相等间隔法进行韧性等级... 详细信息

基于韧性理论,从经济、社会、生态和基础设施4个韧性维度构建应急能力指标体系。首先运用熵值法确定权重,其次运用线性加权和法对2020—2022年期间山西省城市的韧性建设水平进行综合韧性、分维度韧性评价,并运用相等间隔法进行韧性等级分类。综合考虑自然灾害、事故灾难等突发事件对城市的影响,分析山西省城市韧性建设现状及存在问题。结果显示:山西省城市韧性水平逐年提升,但城市间存在显著差异;11个地级市在经济韧性和社会韧性方面表现优异,生态韧性和基础设施韧性有待提高。因此,山西省应从发展区域经济、完善政策体系、推动绿色发展和注重科技与人才培养4方面提升城市应急韧性能力。

关键词：韧性城市应急能力韧性理论熵值法山西省

民国时期边政人才培养的缩影:蒙藏政治训练班及其季刊研究

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四川民族学院学报 2024年第2期33卷 6-13页

作者：马睿群拉中央民族大学北京100081 国防科技大学江苏南京210039

20世纪30年代初,为应民族危机加深及边疆不靖的局面,国民政府开设了多所边疆语文教育机构,蒙藏委员会蒙藏政治训练班就是其中之一。本文拟利用同一时期相关文献还原蒙藏政治训练班及其所办刊物《蒙藏委员会蒙藏政治训练班季刊》的历史样... 详细信息

20世纪30年代初,为应民族危机加深及边疆不靖的局面,国民政府开设了多所边疆语文教育机构,蒙藏委员会蒙藏政治训练班就是其中之一。本文拟利用同一时期相关文献还原蒙藏政治训练班及其所办刊物《蒙藏委员会蒙藏政治训练班季刊》的历史样貌,并在此基础上,试对这一边疆语文教育机构在我国边政人才培养以及促进汉、蒙、藏、维等民族间频繁交往、密切交流、深入交融等方面的历史贡献加以论述。

关键词：蒙藏政治训练班季刊边政人才边疆调查

Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li Brittney O Baumert Nikos Stratakis Jesse A Goodrich Hao-Tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max T Aung Hong-Xu Wang Sandrah P Eckel Douglas I Walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A la Merrill Justin R Ryder Thomas H Inge Todd Jenkins Stephanie Sisley Rohit Kohli Stavra A Xanthakos Andrea A Baccarelli Rob McConnell David V Conti Lida Chatzi Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States Barcelona Institute of Global Health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Environmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Department of Surgery Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and *** ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with *** microRNA(miRNA)levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD,but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains *** analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in *** To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with *** This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery ***-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of *** samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling.A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG EdgeSeq *** examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age,sex,race,and other key *** Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of *** We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p,and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p,in adolescents with ***,52,16,15,and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH,fibrosis,ballooning degeneration,and lobular inflammation,***,16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of *** those miRNAs,miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH,ballooning,and fibrosis,while miR-122-5p,miR-1343-5p,miR-193a-5p,miR-193b-5p,and miR-7845-5p were consistently and posi

关键词： MicroRNA Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver fibrosis Lobular inflammation Ballooning degeneration

Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of lawsonia inermis Leaf Extracts from Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 552-576页

作者： Ollo Youl Soumaïla Konaté Ernest N. Sombié Rainatou Boly Boukaré Kaboré Moumouni Koala Arouna Zoungrana Saybou Savadogo Christian Marc Tahita Innocent Valea Halidou Tinto Adama Hilou Maminata Traoré-Coulibaly laboratoire de Biochimie et de Chimie Applique (laBIOCA) Universit de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Agence Nationale Pour la Scurit Sanitaire de lEnvironnement de lAlimentation du Travail et des Produits de Sant (ANSSEAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire de Recherche-Dveloppement de Phytomdicaments et Mdicaments (L-RD/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS-CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire de Chimie Organique et de Physique Applique (LCOPA) cole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (laSVT) cole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Unit de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS-CNRST) Nanoro Burkina Faso

lawsonia inermis is a hairless plant growing in various regions of North Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and the Middle East. It possesses many medicinal attributes, including curative properties against infectious dermatoses. This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical profile of the crude ethanolic extract of the plant leaves and its fractions as well as their antimicrobial activities. The phytochemical profile was performed using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, the phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric and the aluminum trichloride methods. Antimicrobial activity was tested using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The presence of flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and triterpenes was revealed. GC-MS detected twelve compounds main compounds consisting of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and phenolic and terpenoid compounds among twenty-seven components. HPLC also detected high contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The most abundant triterpene and sterols were ursolic acid (around 43.14 g/100g DW, 13.9 g/100g dry weight (DW), and 0.68 g/100g DW) in the crude ethanolic extract of leaves (FeLi), hexane fraction (FHLi) and dichloromethane fraction (FDLi), respectively and, β-sitosterol in FeLi (56.7 mg/100g DW), FHLi (10.55 g/100g DW), FDLi (106.1 mg/100g DW) and butanol fraction (FBLi) (357.4 mg/100g DW). Among the flavonoids, rutin = 3.24 g/100g and quercetin = 0.63 g/100g in the ethanolic extract, rutin = 15.73 g/100g in the dichloromethane fraction, and rutin = 0.23 g/100g) in the aqueous fraction;and among phenolic compounds, caffeic acid (37.65 g/100g DW) and vanillic acid (22.70 g/100g DW) were the most important in the ethyl acetate fraction (FAeLi). All organic fractions exhibited interesting antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested s

关键词： lawsonia inermis Phytochemical Profile HPLC GC-MS Analysis Antimicrobial Activity