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Mitigation of black carbon emissions could immediately reduce 6.3% of glacier melting in the Qilian Mountains

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 725-736页

作者： Ji-Zu CHEN Wen-tao DU Shi-Chang KANG Xiang QIN Wei-Jun SUN Li-Hui luo Yang LI Jun-Hua YANG You-Yan JIANG Qilian Shan Station of Glaciology and Eco-environment Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil EngineeringNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Geography and Environment Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Zhangye Meteorological Bureau Zhangye 734000China Lanzhou Regional Climate Center Lanzhou 730020China institute of International Rivers and Eco-security Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Gansu Provincial Industry Technology Center of Inteligent Equipment and Big Data for Disaster Prevention Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of ScienceLanzhou 730000China

Global warming in tandem with surface albedo reduction caused by black carbon(BC)deposition on glaciers accelerated glacier melting;however,their respective contributions remain *** in the Qilian Mountains are crucial for the development of oases in the Hexi Corridor;however,their area has decreased by more than 20%over the past ***,this study developed a dynamic deposition model for light-absorbing particles(LAPs),coupled with a surface energy and mass balance *** comprehensively assessed the effects of BC and warming on the melting of a typical glacier in the Qilian Mountains based on the coupled *** on the glacier surface caused 13.1%of annual glacier-wide melting,of which directly deposited atmospheric BC reduced the surface albedo by 0.02 and accounted for 9.1%of glacier *** air temperature during 2000-2010 has increased by 1.5°C relative to that during the 1950s,accounting for 51.9%of current glacier ***,BC emission have increased by 4.6 times compared to those of the early Industrial Revolution recorded in an ice core,accounting conservatively for 6.3%of current glacier *** BC emissions has a limited influence on current glacier melting;however,in the long-term,mitigation should exert a noteworthy impact on glacier melting through the self-purification of glaciers.

关键词： Glacier Melting Black carbon Simulation Qilian Mountains

Detection of a mud volcano in the Weitan Banks area of the northern South china Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第05期 1450-1469页

作者： Wei luo Pin YAN Yanlin WANG Junhui YU Qionghua WAN Zhenbo ZHANG tao XUE Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences CNOOC International Energy Services (beijing) Co. Ltd. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Oilfield Engineering Research institute of Geophysics CNOOC Energy Technology and Services

Situated between the petroliferous Cenozoic Zhujiang(Pearl) River Mouth Basin and the mud volcano-rich Mesozoic Dongsha Basin in the middle sector of the northern South china Sea, the Weitan Banks area has been previously mapped as a basement high that is composed of Mesozoic magmatic rocks. In this study, we present several favorable indicators for petroleum geology that were detected from geophysical profiling and benthic sampling in the area. A conspicuous hill was discovered,named “Zhongwei Hill”, ～80 m high above the ～340 m deep seafloor and ～1 km broad, in a depression with more than 7 km thick sedimentary strata. The Zhongwei Hill was seismically imaged with a mushroom-shaped structure and containing a cake-like crown, fluid flow pipes, and an ～10 km broad anticline at depth. Thus, the hill represents a source-plumbing-eruption system. Shallow gas zones linked to deep fracture were found at or near the hill. Stratigraphic correlation indicates that the deep strata comprise the Jurassic and Paleogene strata, the major hosts of hydrocarbon source rocks. In addition to the hill, there are number of mounds from which three bottom water samples were collected and the samples are rich in dissolved methane with concentrations high up to ～900 nmol/L, much higher than the background level(0.5–2 nmol/L). The benthic samples are rich in coarse sediment clastics, authigenic carbonate nodules, and deep-water habitats likely feeding on methanotrophic community. Given these observations and the context, we propose that the Zhongwei Hill represents a mud volcano, likely thermally driven, that seeps methane from Jurassic and Paleogene source layers, thus poses a favorable clue for significant hydrocarbon generation capacity in transitional zone of the Zhujiang River Mouth Basin and the Dongsha Basin.

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Immunomodulatory potential of exopolysaccharides from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum YY-112

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Mengfan luo Wanyi Zhou Wenyang tao Jianrong Xing Jingrui Li Yuxing Guo Ying Yang institute of Food Science， Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering， Nanjing Normal University

In vitro simulated colonic fermentation studies have shown the prebiotic potential of exopolysaccharides from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum YY-112 (YEPS). Its immunomodulatory effects and related mechanisms were systematically investigated in this study. We observed that YEPS intervene in immune responses and improve intestinal microbial structure in normal mice， including significantly increasing the relative abundance of Enterorhabdus and norank＿f＿＿norank＿o＿＿Clostridia UCG-014 as well as decreasing that of unclassified＿c＿＿Bacilli (P < 0.05). In the immunocompromised mouse model， YEPS decreased IL-6 levels (P < 0.05) and protected the spleen by regulating lymphocyte levels. YEPS preserved the intestinal barrier by improving Mucin 2， Zonula occludens protein 1， and Occludin expression. Moreover， YEPS significantly reduced the relative abundance of Bacillus， unclassified＿c＿＿Bacilli， Lachnoclostridium， Eubacterium＿xylanophilum＿group， and Desulfovibrio (P < 0.05)， potentially enhancing mice immunity by improving the intestinal microbiota associated with immune function. In conclusion， YEPS can be used as a natural functional extract with prebiotic effects that may improve host immunity. This provided the basis for the application of YEPS as a novel potential food additive.

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SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL BLOCK COPOLYMERS OF POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID)WITH POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)THROUGH ANIONIC POLYMERISATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2000年第1期18卷 19-23页

作者： Xin-tao Shuai Zbigniew Jedlinski Qiang luo Nozirow Farhod institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100080, china institute of Polymer Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland institute of Synthetic Fibre, Chinese Academy of Textile Sciences, beijing 100025, china Chinese Acad Sci Inst Chem Beijing 100080 Peoples R China Polish Acad Sci Inst Polymer Chem PL-41800 Zabrze Poland Chinese Acad Text Sci Inst Synthet Fibre Beijing 100025 Peoples R China

A novel kind of copolymer with ABA-type block structure was synthesized by anionic ring-opening polymerization of beta-butyrolactone (beta-BL) in the presence of a PEG-based dicarboxylates as macroinitiators which were prepared by the esterification of aliphatic cyclic anhydride and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) oligomers (M-n = 2000, 4000 and 6000) and conversion of potassium dicarboxylates. The resultant copolymers as well as the intermediates were characterized by IR, H-1-NMR and GPC.

关键词： block copolymer poly(ethylene glycol) poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid)

A cell transcriptomic profile p ovides insights into adipocytes of porcine mammary gland across development

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 182-200页

作者： Yongliang Fan Long Jin Zhiping He Tiantian Wei Tingting luo Jiaman Zhang Can Liu Changjiu Dai Chao A Yan Liang Xuan tao Xuebin Lv Yiren Gu Mingzhou Li State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Key Laboratory of Qinghai‑Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animal Science AcademyChengdu 610000China

Background Studying the composition and developmental mechanisms in mammary gland is crucial for healthy growth of newborns. The mammary gland is inherently heterogeneous, and its physiological function dependents on the gene expression of multiple cell types. Most studies focused on epithelial cells, disregarding the role of neighboring *** Here, we constructed the largest transcriptomic dataset of porcine mammary gland cells thus far. The dataset captured 126,829 high-quality nuclei from physiological mammary glands across five developmental stages(d 90 of gestation, G90;d 0 after lactation, L0;d 20 after lactation, L20;2 d post natural involution, PI2;7 d post natural involution, PI7). Seven cell types were identified, including epithelial cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts cells, immune cells, myoepithelial cells and precursor cells. Our data indicate that mammary glands at different developmental stages have distinct phenotypic and transcriptional signatures. During late gestation(G90), the differentiation and proliferation of adipocytes were inhibited. Meanwhile, partly epithelial cells were completely differentiated. Pseudo-time analysis showed that epithelial cells undergo three stages to achieve lactation, including cellular differentiation, hormone sensing, and metabolic activation. During lactation(L0 and L20), adipocytes area accounts for less than 0.5% of mammary glands. To maintain their own survival, the adipocyte exhibited a poorly differentiated state and a proliferative capacity. Epithelial cells initiate lactation upon hormonal stimulation. After fulfilling lactation mission, their undergo physiological death under high intensity lactation. Interestingly, the physiological dead cells seem to be actively cleared by immune cells via CCL21-ACKR4 pathway. This biological process may be an important mechanism for maintaining homeostasis of the mammary gland. During natural involution(PI2 and PI7), epithelial cell populatio

关键词： Adipocytes Cell–cell interaction Development Mammary gland snRNA-seq

Strategies for improving crop comprehensive benefits via a decision-making system based on machine learning in the rice‒rape,rice‒wheat and rice‒garlic rotation systems in Southwest china

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2970-2988页

作者： Xinrui Li Xiafei Li tao Liu Huilai Yin Hao Fu Yongheng luo Yanfu Bai Hongkun Yang Zhiyuan Yang Yongjian Sun Jun Ma Zongkui Chen Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Rice Research institute/State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest china/Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130China College of Grassland Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Rice‒rape,rice‒wheat and rice‒garlic rotations are common cropping systems in Southwest china,and they have played a significant role in ensuring ecological and economic benefits(EB)and addressing the challenges of china’s food security in the ***,the crop yields in these rotation systems are 1.25‒14.73%lower in this region than the national *** decision-making with machine learning can analyze the key factors for obtaining better benefits,but it has rarely been used to enhance the probability of obtaining such benefits from rotations in Southwest ***,we used a data-intensive approach to construct an intelligent decision‒making system with machine learning to provide strategies for improving the benefits of rice-rape,rice-wheat,and rice-garlic rotations in Southwest *** results show that raising the yield and partial fertilizer productivity(PFP)by increasing seed input under high fertilizer application provided the optimal benefits with a 10%probability in the rice-garlic *** high yields and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions by increasing the N application and reducing the K application provided suboptimal benefits with an 8%probability in the rice-rape *** N and P to enhance PFP and yield provided optimal benefits with the lowest probability(8%)in the rice‒wheat *** on the predictive analysis of a random forest model,the optimal benefits were obtained with fertilization regimes by reducing N by 25%and increasing P and K by 8 and 74%,respectively,in the rice-garlic system,reducing N and K by 54 and by 36%,respectively,and increasing P by 38%in rice-rape system,and reducing N by 4%and increasing P and K by 65 and 23%in rice-wheat *** strategies could be further optimized by 17‒34%for different benefits,and all of these measures can improve the effectiveness of the crop rotation systems to varying ***,these findings provide insights into optimal agricultural inputs for higher be

关键词： rice rotation agricultural management greenhouse gas emissions comprehensive benefits fertilizer management

Effect of trace oxygen on plasma nitriding of titanium foil

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 548-551页

作者：周海涛熊希雅马可欣罗炳威罗飞申承民 beijing institute of Aeronautical Materials Aero Engine Corporation of ChinaBeijing 100095China beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Titanium nitride films are prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method on titanium foil using N_(2) as precursor. In order to evaluate the effect of oxygen on the growth of titanium nitride films, a small amount of O_(2) is introduced into the preparation process. The study indicates that trace O_(2) addition into the reaction chamber gives rise to significant changes on the color and micro-morphology of the foil, featuring dense and long nano-wires. The as-synthesized nanostructures are characterized by various methods and identified as TiN, Ti_(2) N, and TiO_(2) respectively. Moreover, the experiment results show that oxide nanowire has a high degree of crystallinity and the nitrides present specific orientation relationships with the titanium matrix.

关键词： nitride oxide nanostructure crystalline plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition system(PECVD)

A treatment recommendation for trichoepithelioma:Thoughts on selection of treatment timing and method

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2024年第1期6卷 37-40页

作者： Shenying luo Shuchen Gu Ruoqing Xu En Yang Liying Tu Hsin Liang Xin Huang Jieyi Ren tao Zan Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China

In this report,we present the case of a 55-year-old woman with a 30-year history of multiple familial trichoe-pithelioma(MFT),with facial surface tumors that progressively worsened,causing ventilation *** order to improve the patient’s appearance and functional impairment,we performed a two-step surgical excision and skin grafting procedure post diagnosis through genetic *** 18-month follow-up confirmed that the effect was satisfactory without obvious *** on this outcome,we have developed a diagnosis and treat-ment process for patients with MFT,aiming to provide a reference for standardized treatment of this rare disease.

关键词： Multiple familial trichoepithelioma Trichoepithelioma CYLD gene

Lindqvist-type Polyoxometalates Act as Anti-breast Cancer Drugs via Mitophagy-induced Apoptosis

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Current Medical Science 2024年第4期44卷 809-819页

作者： Chen-guang YAO Zi-jia ZHAO Ting TAN Jiang-ning YAN Zhong-wei CHEN Jun-tao XIONG Han-luo LI Yan-hong WEI Kang-hong HU Sino-German Biomedical Center Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation(Ministry of Education&Hubei Province)Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering(Ministry of Education)National“111”Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular PharmaceuticsHubei University of TechnologyWuhan430068China Center for Evaluation of Hubei Medical Products Administration Wuhan430068China

Objective Lindqvist-type polyoxometalates(POMs)exhibit potential antitumor *** study aimed to examine the effects of Lindqvist-type POMs against breast cancer and the underlying *** Using different cancer cell lines,the present study evaluated the antitumor activities of POM analogues that were modified at the body skeleton based on molybdenum-vanadium-centered negative oxygen ion polycondensations with different side *** colony formation assay,autophagy detection,mitochondrial observation,qRT-PCR,Western blotting,and animal model were used to evaluate the antitumor activities of POMs against breast cancer cells and the related *** MO-4,a Lindqvist-type POM linking a proline at its side strain,was selected for subsequent experiments due to its low half maximal inhibitory concentration in the inhibition of proliferation of breast cancer *** was found that MO-4 induced the apoptosis of multiple types of breast cancer ***,MO-4 activated intracellular mitophagy by elevating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels and resulting in *** vivo,breast tumor growth and distant metastasis were significantly reduced following MO-4 *** Collectively,the results of the present study demonstrated that the novel Lindqvist-type POM MO-4 may exhibit potential in the treatment of breast cancer.

关键词： antitumor breast cancer polyoxometalate mitochondria mitophagy