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Pathogen-induced methylglyoxal negatively regulates rice bacterial blight resistance by inhibiting OsCDR1.protease activity

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 325-341页

作者： Zheng-wei Fu Jian-Hui Li Xiang Gao Shi-Jia {1. Ting-Ting Yuan Ying-Tang lu State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice College of Life SciencesRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of OilCrops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOilCrops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China

Xanthomonas oryzae ***(Xoo)causes bacterial blight(BB),a globally devastating disease of rice(Oryza sativa)that is responsible for significant crop *** and sugar metabolites are important for pathogen infection,providing energy and regulating events associated with defense responses;howev-er,the mechanisms by which they regulate such events in BB are *** an inevitable sugar metabolite,methylglyoxal(MG)is involved in plant growth and responses to various abiotic stresses,but the underlying mechanisms remain *** and how MG functions in plant biotic stress responses is almost completely ***,we report that the Xoo strain PXO99 induces OsWRKY62.1.to repress transcrip-tion of OsGLY Il genes by directly binding to their promoters,resulting in overaccumulation of *** negatively regulates rice resistance against Pxo99:osglyll2 mutants with higher MG levels are more sus-ceptible to the pathogen,whereas OsGLYIl2-overexpressing plants with lower MG content show greater resistance than the wild *** of OsGLYll2 to prevent excessive MG accumulation confers broad-spectrum resistance against the biotrophic bacterial pathogens Xoo and Xanthomonas oryzae *** and the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani,which causes rice sheath *** evidence shows that MG reduces rice resistance against PXO99 through CONSTITUTIVE DISEASE RESISTANCE 1.OsCDR1..MGmodifies the Arg97 residue of OsCDR1.o inhibit its aspartic protease activ-ity,which is essential for OsCDR1.enhanced *** together,these findings illustrate how Xoo promotes infection by hijacking a sugar metabolite in the host plant.

关键词： Oryza sativa bacterial blight OsWRKY62.1 methylglyoxal OsCDR1

Vitamin A deficiency suppresses CEACAM1.to impair colonic epithelial barrier function via downregulating microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 1066-1081页

作者： Junyan Yan lu {1. Di Feng Baolin Chen Ting Yang Bei Tong Ruifang luo Yuting wang Jie Chen Children Nutrition research {1. Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and HealthMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersChongqing 401122China Department of Gastroenterology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401122China

Vitamin A (VA) plays an essential role in modulating both the gut microbiota and gut barrier ***-chain fatty acids (SCFAs),as metabolites of the gut microbiota,protect the physiological intestinal barrier;however,they are compromised when VA is ***,there is an urgent need to understand how and which SCFAs modulate colonic epithelial barrier integrity in VA deficiency (VAD).Herein,compared with normal VA rats (VAN),at the beginning of pregnancy,we confirmed that the colonic desmosome junction was impaired in the VAD group,and the amounts of acetate,propionate,and butyrate declined because of the decreased abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria (Romboutsia ,Collinsella ,and Allobaculum ).The differentially expressed genes correlated with the gut barrier and the histone deacetylase complex between the VAD and VAN groups were enriched by RNA *** the VAD group,the expression levels of colonic CEA cell adhesion molecule 1.(CEACAM1. were down-regulated,and the levels of histone deacetylase 1.(HDAC1. and HDAC3 were ***,the above changes in the VAD groups were rescued by VA supplementation in the early postnatal *** study indicated that in Caco-2 cells,butyrate treatment significantly repressed the enrichment of HDAC3 on the promoter of the CEACAM1.gene to induce its *** findings support that butyrate intervention can alleviate the impairment of colonic barrier function caused by VAD,and timely postnatal VA intervention may reverse the damage caused by VAD on gut barrier integrity during pregnancy.

关键词： CEACAM1 Colonic epithelial barrier HDAC3 Short-chain fatty acids Vitamin A deficiency

Impaired Spatial Firing Representations of Neurons in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex of the Epileptic Rat Using Microelectrode Arrays

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research 2024年第2期2023卷 541-552页

作者： Zhaojie Xu Fan Mo Gucheng Yang Penghui Fan Botao lu {1. Liang Fanli Kong luyi Jing {1. Xu Juntao Liu Mixia wang Yirong Wu Xinxia Cai State Key Laboratory of Transducer technology Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Epilepsy severely impairs the cognitive behavior of *** remains unclear whether epilepsy-induced cognitive impairment is associated with neuronal activities in the medial entorhinal cortex(MEC),a region known for its involvement in spatial *** explore this neural mechanism,we recorded the spikes and local field potentials from MEC neurons in lithium-pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats using self-designed microelectrode *** the open field test,we identified spatial cells exhibiting spatially selective firing properties and assessed their spatial representations in relation to the progression of ***,we analyzed theta oscillations and theta modulation in both excitatory and inhibitory ***,we used a novel object recognition test to evaluate changes in spatial cognitive ability of epileptic *** the epilepsy modeling,the spatial tuning of various types of spatial cells had suffered a rapid and pronounced damage during the latent period(1.to 5 d).Subsequently,the firing characteristics and theta oscillations were *** the chronic period(>1. d),the performance in the novel object experiment *** conclusion,our study demonstrates the detrimental effect on spatial representations and electrophysiological properties of MEC neurons in the epileptic latency,suggesting the potential use of these changes as a"functional biomarker"for predicting cognitive impairment caused by epilepsy.

关键词： epilepsy impaired involvement

Bioactive phytochemicals and associated multifunctional health-promoting effects of Polygonati Rhizoma

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Shuzhen wang Feng He Yunli {1. Fu Xiang Lan lu wei Wu Chi-Tang Ho Shiming Li College of Biology and Agricultural Resources， Huanggang Normal university School of Computer and information {1.， Beijing Jiaotong university Department of Food Science， Rutgers university New Brunswick

Polygonati Rhizoma， a functional food and a traditional Chinese medicine broadly used in china and several Southeast Asia countries， possesses effective health-promoting activities. Prepared from three plants in Polygonatum family (P. kingianum， P. sibiricum， and P. cyrtonema)， Polygonati Rhizoma has drawn increasing attention due to its remarkable immune-enhancing and metabolic regulatory activities in recent years. In this review， we summarized the updated {1. of chemical constituents and biological activities of Polygonati Rhizoma， especially the metabolic regulation， immunomodulatory effects， and anti-fatigue activities， aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding， broaden the usage and promote more in-depth exploration of Polygonati Rhizoma as a functional food.

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Human disturbance exacerbated erosion and deposition in the karst peak-cluster depressions during the Ming and Qing dynasties

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Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3550-3561页

作者： Shuai YUAN Yuemin YUE Xinbao ZHANG lu {1. lu ZHAI Kelin {1. Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Huanjiang Observation and research Station for Karst Ecosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Ministry of Water Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Under the background of large-scale ecological restoration, china's southwestern karst region has become a hotspot of global vegetation cover “greening” in the past 20 years. However, because of geological constraints, it is difficult to restore the forest landscapes in some areas. It is urgent to understand the impacts of human disturbances during the historical period on the difficult-to-forestation rocky-desertification areas of the karst region in order to guide future afforestation. In this study, we quantified the changes of specific sediment yield in typical karst depressions over the past 500 years by using1.7Cs,21.Pb, and1.C dating methods in karst depressions, and identified the main human disturbances related to historical erosion and sedimentation by combining with historical data. The results showed that the erosion and sedimentation of the three depressions in 1.21.1.63 were significantly higher than that in 1.63–2021. and the sedimentation rate(0.64–1.33 cm a-1. and the specific sediment yield(2.51.1..1. t ha-1.-1. during Ming and Qing dynasties（1.04–1.1.） were higher than the sedimentation rate(0.26–0.95 cm a-1. and specific sediment yield(0.95–6.99 t ha-1.-1. in the recent century（1.21.2021.. Reconstruction data and literature from the Ming and Qing dynasties show an empirical link between changes in population, arable land, food, forest area,and deforestation events during the same period. It was found that the population and arable land in Guangxi increased more than three-fold and the forest area decreased significantly in the 1.th century after the migration of the Yao ethnic group and the introduction of maize to the region, which may be the main reason for intensifying the erosion of depressions. This study is of great significance to understanding the evo{1.tion history of rocky desertification in this region and to answer the potential of afforestation.

关键词： Karst region 1.C dating Peak-cluster depressions Ethnic minirity migration Specific sediment yield

RAD51.-AS1.promotes the malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer through upregulation of RAD51.

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Journal of Zhejiang university-Science B(Biomedicine & Bio{1.) 2024年第7期25卷 581-593页

作者： Xinyi wei Conghui {1. Sangsang TANG Qian YANG Zhangjin SHEN Jiawei ZHU xiaodong CHENG Xinyu {1. Xing XIE Junfen XU weiguo lu Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province Women�s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006China Department of Gynecologic Oncology Women�s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006China Cancer center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Zhejiang Provincial Clinical research {1. for Obstetrics and Gynecology Hangzhou 310006China

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play an indispensable role in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer(OC).However,the potential involvement of lncRNAs in the progression of OC is largely *** investigate the detailed roles and mechanisms of RAD51.homolog B-antisense 1.RAD51.-AS1.,a novel lncRNA in OC,reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was performed to verify the expression of *** proliferation,metastasis,and apoptosis were detected using the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8),colony-formation,transwell,and flow cytometry *** xenograft models were established for the detection of *** results revealed that RAD51.-AS1.was significantly upregulated in a highly metastatic human OC cell line and OC ***51.-AS1.significantly increased the proliferation and metastasis of OC cells and enhanced their resistance to *** prediction analysis revealed that the only target gene of RAD51.-AS1.was *** gene function experiments revealed that RAD51. exerts the same biological effects as *** experiments demonstrated that the malignant biological behaviors promoted by RAD51.-AS1.overexpression were partially or completely reversed by RAD51. silencing in vitro and in ***,RAD51.-AS1.promotes the malignant biological behaviors of OC and activates the protein kinase B(Akt)/B cell lymphoma protein-2(Bcl-2)signaling pathway,and these effects may be associated with the positive regulation of RAD51. ***51.-AS1.is expected to serve as a novel molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of poor prognosis in OC,and as a potential therapeutic target for disease management.

关键词： Ovarian cancer(OC) Long non-coding RNA(LncRNA) Metastasis Anoikis

Characteristics of genetic basis copy number variation in production and adaptation traits of Chinese indigenous sheep

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第5期51卷 566-569页

作者： Meilin Jin Gang Liu Jian lu Zhiqiang Chen Huihua {1. Taotao Li Caihong wei State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100193China College of Animal Science and technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China National Animal Husbandry Service National Center of Preservation&Utilization of Animal Genetic ResourcesBeijing 100125China Glbizzia Biosciences Beijing 102629China

Copy number variations(CNVs)range in size from 50 base pairs(bp)to several megabases(Mb)and encompass various types of structural variations,such as insertions,deletions,duplications,and complex multiallelic events(MacDonald et al.,201.).These genomic alterations modulate phenotype by altering gene dosage and transcriptional regulation,and are key drivers of biological evolution and determinants of genetic diversity and phenotypic *** recent years,CNVs have been detected in the genomes of various livestock species(Yuan et al.,2021.Chen et al.,2022).Upadhyay et al.(201.)conducted a comprehensive analysis of CNV distribution in the European cattle genome and determined that the Kit gene is associated with color-sidedness in English longhorn *** study presented extensive genome-wide {1. on CNVs in wild,commercial,and local chicken breeds to gain an integrated understanding of the domestication process and exclusively identified the genes involved(Chen et al.,2022).

关键词： sided number dosage

Realtime observation of “spring fracture” like AlGaN/GaN HEMT failure under bias

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Science china({1. Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 303-305页

作者： Qing ZHU Zhenni wang Yuxiang {1. Ling YANG xiaoli lu Jiejie ZHU Peng ZHONG Yimin LEI xiaohua MA School of Microelectronics Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor technology Xidian University School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Xidian University

The AlGaN/GaN HEMTs have been considered promising candidates for high-frequency and high-power applications,while the reliability issues greatly limit the commercialization of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. In the past, the research on the reliability of devices was often based on Raman spectroscopy, cathodo{1.minescence, and TEM after fai{1.re of the devices, which is often considered to be the laborious and complicated “archaeological” kind of analysis [1..

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Synthesis-temperature-dependent phase composition manipulation toward high thermoelectric performance in tetrahedrites

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2024年第1期168卷 124-130页

作者： Yiqing wei Jiaqi Liu Zien Cheng Pengfei Jiang Zizhen Zhou Bin Zhang Guoyu {1. Guang Han Xu lu xiaoyuan Zhou center of Quantum Materials and Devices College of PhysicsChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China Analytical and Testing center Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

Tetrahedrite,an Earth-abundant natural mineral,has attracted extensive research interest because of its excellent thermoelectric ***,tetrahedrite samples comprising Cu-poor Cu_(1.)Sb_(4)S_(1.)and Cu-rich Cu_(1.)Sb_(4)S_(1.)phases have been synthesized using a colloidal method,in which the ratio of two phases is manipulated by {1.ling the synthesis temperature to improve the thermoelectric *** is found that an ultralow total thermal conductivity of∼0.3 W m^(−1.K^(−1.at 723 K is realized in the sample with a Cu-rich phase fraction of∼50%,which can be attributed to maximized phonon scattering by phase *** a result,combined with a decent power factor,this sample obtains an optimal zT of 1.1.,which is about 85%higher than that of the sample with a Cu-rich phase fraction of∼64%and comparable to zT values of other eco-friendly,abundant Cu-based thermoelectric *** work demonstrates an effective synthesis-temperature-dependent phase composition manipulation strategy toward enhanced thermoelectric performance in tetrahedrites.

关键词： Tetrahedrite Thermoelectric Colloidal method Phase manipulation Thermal conductivity