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Alexa,let's train now!——A systematic review and classification approach to digital and home-based physical training interventions aiming to support healthy cognitive aging

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 30-46页

作者： Fabian Herold Paula Theobald Thomas Gronwald Navin Kaushal Liye Zou Eling D.de Bruin louis Bherer Notger GMüller Research Group Degenerative and chronic Diseases MovementFaculty of Health Sciences BrandenburgUniversity of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine MSH Medical School HamburgHamburg 20457Germany Department of Health Sciences School of Health&Human SciencesIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Health Sciences and Technology Institute of Human Movement Sciences and SportETH ZurichZurich 8093Switzerland Department of Neurobiology Care Sciencesand SocietyKarolinska InstituteStockholm 17177Sweden Department of Health OST-Eastern Swiss University of Applied SciencesSt.Gallen 9001Switzerland Montreal Heart Institute MontrealQC H1T 1C8Canada Department of Medicine Universite de MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal MontrealQC H3W 1W5Canada

Background:There is mounting evidence that regular physical activity is an important prerequisite for healthy cognitive ***,the finding that almost one-third of the adult population does not reach the recommended level of regular physical activity calls for further public health *** this context,digital and home-based physical training interventions might be a promising alternative to center-based intervention ***,this systematic review aimed to summarize the current state of the literature on the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on adult cognitive ***:In this pre-registered systematic review(PROSPERO;ID:CRD42022320031),5 electronic databases(PubMed,web of Science,Psyclnfo,SPORTDiscus,and Cochrane Library)were searched by 2 independent researchers(FH and PT)to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on cognitive performance in *** systematic literature search yielded 8258 records(extra17 records from other sources),of which 27 controlled trials were considered *** reviewers(FH and PT)independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise(TESTEX scale).Results:Of the 27 reviewed studies,15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes(i.e.,performance improvements in measures of executive functions,working memory,and choice stepping reaction test),and a considerable heterogeneity concerning study-related,population-related,and intervention-related characteristics was noticed.A more detailed analysis suggests that,in particular,interventions using online classes and technology-based exercise devices(i.e.,step-based exergames)can improve cognitive performance in healthy older *** one-half of the reviewed studies were rated as having a high risk of bias with respect

关键词： Brain Cognition Digital health Exercise-cognition Physical activity

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Prediabetes in children and adolescents:An updated review

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world Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2023年第5期12卷 263-272页

作者： Hak Yung ng louis Tsz wang chan Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Tseung Kwan O HospitalHong KongChina

Prediabetes,the precursor of type 2 diabetes mellitus,is an intermediate stage between normal glucose homeostasis and overt *** asymptomatic metabolic state is increasingly prevalent in pediatric population and is very difficult to detect without appropriate *** have shown that a certain proportion of children with prediabetes will develop diabetes in a few *** more alarming is the evidence that youth-onset diabetes has a more aggressive clinical course with progressive beta-cell decline and accelerated endorgan *** its importance,several aspects involving prediabetes in childhood are disputed or *** review presents the latest insights into this challenging entity and outlines a simplified screening approach to aid clinical *** summary,childhood prediabetes is an important clinical condition indicating the need for proper screening and timely intervention.

关键词： Prediabetes Screening Diagnosis Management Obesity Type 2 diabetes mellitus children

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Structure and species composition of tree stands on verges and slopes along a major highway in Hong Kong

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第5期34卷 1347-1358页

作者： louis Shing Him Lee Hao Zhang Kathy Tze Kwun ng Shun cheong Lo Alan Siu Lun Yu Faculty of Design and Environment Technological and HigherEducation Institute of Hong KongHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Landscape Division Highways DepartmentHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Greening Landscape and Tree Management SectionDevelopment BureauHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Arboricultural research focusing on transport land use was lacking in Hong *** highway slopes were registered in the Systematic Identification of Maintenance Responsibility of Slopes in the Territory(SIMAR),abbreviated as SIMAR *** aimed to analyze patterns in the structure and species composition of the tree stock along a highway in Hong Kong and examined how a slope registration system could help explain the characteristics of urban *** 53 slopes and 52 verges along San Tin Highway,Hong Kong were randomly *** trees on each slope and verge were collectively sampled as a tree *** variables,namely tree abundance,species richness,maximum tree height,Shannon-wiener diversity,Simpson's dominance,and Pielou's evenness were measured for each *** addition,a limited visual tree risk assessment was *** 7,209 trees in 23 species were *** richness was low,ranging from one to eight species per *** and non-SIMAR slopes were *** slopes had significantly higher species richness,diversity,evenness but lower dominance,with mean difference of 1.41 species,0.17,0.17 *** slopes were associated with lower tree risk *** training regression models,boosting as an ensemble method arbitrarily raised the explanatory power and the predictive accuracy of some *** height,length,angle and area could be significant predictors of the biodiversity-related *** research can sample more habitat characteristics related to the structure and species composition of slopes and verges which were important components of urban forestry.

关键词： Highway greenery Roadside tree management Tree risk assessment Monospecific urban forest Slope geophysical environment Urban forests

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Closed-loop Control Using High Power Hexapole Magnetic Tweezers for 3D Micromanipulation

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第1期17卷 113-122页

作者： Xiao Zhang louis wRogowski Min Jun Kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Southern Methodist UniversityDallasTX 75275USA

This paper presents the design,modeling,integration,and application of 3D printed high power hexapole magnetic tweezers for 3D micromanipulation *** sharp-tipped magnetic poles were configured with electromagnetic coils and mounted on 3D printed magnetic yokes to form a tilted Cartesian coordinate system for actuation.A closed loop control algorithm was developed to automatically manipulate external power supplies connected to the magnetic tweezers,by using 3D positional information obtained from real-time image processing *** compared against other designs of magnetic tweezers,our system has a larger working space and can generate higher magnetic field *** allows for more diverse applications regarding small scale manipulation,including cell manipulation and cell *** and analytics explained in this paper demonstrate the closed-loop manipulation of microswimmers can provide a magnetic force as high as 800 pN while maintaining a positional error below 4μm in 3D and 1.6μm in *** the desired location as the control input,the microswimmers investigated were able to achieve arbitrary 2D and 3D *** also show that the implemented hexapole magnetic tweezers have adequate power to control microswimmers in Newtonian fluid *** system will later be optimized and deployed to control microswimmers in non-Newtonian fluid environments.

关键词： magnetic tweezers micromanipulation magnetic gradient control 3D motion control microswimmers

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Strong variation in frequencies of male and female determiners between neighboring housefly populations

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1470-1482页

作者： Xuan Li Fangfei Lin louis van de Zande Leo w.Beukeboom Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands

Sex-determination mechanisms evolve rapidly and vary between ***,polymorphic systems are found,like in the *** the dynamics and stability of such systems can provide a better understanding of the evolution of sex-determination *** the housefly,dominant male-determining loci(M)can lie not only on the Y chromosome(M^(Y)),but also on autosomes(M^(A))or the X chromosome(M^(X)).M enforces male development by inhibiting the female-determining gene transformer(tra).A mutant tra allele,tra^(D),is insensitive to M and is a dominant female determiner.M^(Y) prevails at high latitudes and polymorphic M loci together with tra^(D) at low *** get more insight into the stability and frequencies of these sex determiners with mutually exclusive dominance,we investigated 5 regional Spanish *** found strong variation among *** populations with hemizygous M^(III) were found,2 contained homozygous M^(X) with additional hemizygous MI and M^(II) in 1 *** population contained homozygous and hemizygous M^(X) with additionally hemizygous M^(II).All females in populations with homozygous M,had tra^(D),whereas no tra^(D) was found in populations without homozygous *** results indicate locally stable systems may either harbor a single hemizygous M and no tra^(D),corresponding to a male heterogametic system,or homozygous and/or multiple M and heterozygous tra^(D),reminiscent of a female heterogametic *** support that M loci can accumulate in the presence of a dominant female *** migration between populations may contribute to the stability of these systems.

关键词： aneuploidy housefly polymorphic sex determination recombination regional variation sex-determining loci

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Role of the epididymis in sperm competition

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 493-499页

作者： Russell C. Jones Jean-louis Dacheux Brett Nixon Heath w. Ecroyd Discipline of Biological Sciences University of Newcastle Callaghan 2308 Australia UMR INRA-CNRS 6073 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements Nouzilly 37380 France Department of chemistry University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia

Although it is generally understood that the testes recruited kidney ducts for reproductive function during the evolution of vertebrates, little is understood of the biological significance of the adaptation. In the context of the evolution of the mammalian epididymis, this report provides evidence that a major role of the epididymis is to enhance a male＇s chance of achieving paternity in a competitive mating system. A unique example of sperm cooperation in monotremes is used as evidence that the epididymis produces sperm competition proteins to form groups of 100 sperm into bundles that have a forward motility nearly thrice that of individual spermatozoa. As it required 3-h incubation in vitro under capacitation conditions to release motile sperm from the bundles, it is suggested that the monotremes provide an example of capacitation that is quite different from capacitation in higher mammals. It is suggested that variation between species in the intensity of sperm competition could explain the variation that occurs between species in the amount of post-testicular sperm maturation and storage in the epididymis, an explanation of why the human epididymis does not play as important a role in reproduction as the epididymis of most mammals. （Asian J Androl 2007 July; 9： 493-499）

关键词： epididymis sperm maturation sperm storage capacitation sperm competition sperm cooperation

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Practice of breast self-examination among high risk chinese women in Hong Kong

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chinese Medical Journal 2000年第12期000卷 44-47页

作者： Kelvin K C ng, Fung S Y and louis w C chow DepartmentofSurgery (ngKKCandchowLwC)&NursingStudies (FungSY ) ,TheUniversityofHongKong ,QueenMaryHospital ,HongKong ,china Department of SurgeryThe University of Hong Kong Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Nursing Studies The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Department of Surgery The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina

Background The incidence of breast cancer in Hong Kong is increasing and breast serf-examination (BSE)as a screening tool is becoming mere popular,especially among first-dsgree relatives (FDR) of breast cancer victims. BSE may be mere applicable to chinese women as their breast size is smaller. This study explores the BSE practice in this group of *** A cross sectional study was conducted by sending questionnaires to 330 FDR of breast cancer patients treated in the Department of Surgeory,Univeisity of Hong Kong. BSE behavior was studied with respect to its frequency,awareness,completeness and confidence of *** 110 subjects returned the questionnaires with a response rate of 33%.The mean age of the respondent was 37 years. Only 57 women (52%)were practicers. The practicers have a stronger BSE awareness (p＜0.01) and a lower mean score on thought barriers (P=0.002) than the non-practicers.40% of the practicers gain their BSE knowledge through clinicians and their mean period of practica was 3.2 yeara. 68% of the practicers performed BSE *** overall confidence rate was 35%, but the rate was 43% among those who performled complete *** factors possibly related to the completeness and rate of confidence of BSF examination were *** only factor that significantly deternined completenass was the time spent for each examination (P=0.002).The complete practicers required a longer time than the incomplete practicers(6.60 and 2.96 min,respectively).women with a stronger BSE intention (P=0.001)and a lower mean score on thought barrers(P=0.001)performed the examination *** Slightly over half of the FDR practice *** majority perform a complete BSE but they are not confident in finding abnormalities. women spending more time on BSE are associated with a higher rate of completeness. However,only those with a stronger DSE: intention and lesser thought barriers are more confident in their practice.

关键词： breast self-examination first-degree relative chinese

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Absence of complementary sex determination in two Leptopilina species(Figitidae,Hymenoptera)and a reconsideration of its incompatibility with endosymbiont-induced thelytoky

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 900-914页

作者： Fangying chen Martijn Schenkel Elzemiek Geuverink louis van de Zande Leo w.Beukeboom Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of GroningenP.O.Box 11103 Groningen9700 CCthe Netherlands

Complementary sex determination(CSD)is a widespread sex determination mechanism in haplodiploid *** CSD,sex is determined by the allelic state of one or multiple CSD *** at one or more loci leads to female development,whereas hemizygosity of haploid eggs and homozygosity of diploid eggs results in male ***(arrhenotokous)reproduction normally yields haploid male and diploid female *** asexual reproduction(thelytoky),diploidized unfertilized eggs develop into *** is often induced by bacterial endosymbionts that achieve egg diploidization by gamete *** gamete duplication leads to complete homozygosity,endosymbiont-induced thelytokous reproduction is presumed to be incompatible with CSD,which relies on heterozygosity for female ***,we excluded CSD in four Asobara(Braconidae)species and proposed a two-step mechanism for wolbachia-induced thelytoky in Asobara ***,we conclusively reject CSD in two cynipid wasp species,Leptopilina heterotoma and Leptopilina *** further show that thelytoky in *** depends on wolbachia titer but that diploidization and feminization steps cannot be separated,unlike in *** discuss what these results reveal about the sex determination mechanism of *** and the presumed incompatibility between CSD and endosymbiont-induced thelytoky in the Hymenoptera.

关键词： arrhenotoky haplodiploidy inbreeding sex determination thelytoky wolbachia bacteria

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Use of the reported Edmonton frail scale in the assessment of patients for transcatheter aortic valve replacement： a possible selection tool in very high-risk patients？

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第6期15卷 463-466页

作者： louis Koizia Sarosh Khan Angela Frame Ghada w Mikhail Sayan Sen Neil Ruparelia Geriatric Medicine St Mary's Hospital Praed Street London UK Department of Cardiology Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust West Sussex UK Department of Cardiology lmperial College Healthcare NHS Trust London UK

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement （TAVR） has revolutionised the treatment of patients with aortic stenosis （AS） over the last 15 *** is a well-established procedure for the treatment of patients considered high risk for open surgery. Results from the PARTNER （Placement of AoRTic traNscathetER） trial showed that inoperable patients randomly assigned to TAVR, had a 20% reduction in all-cause mortality, as well as hospitalisation, at one year compared to best medical management.

关键词： Edmonton frail scale Frailty Transcatheter aortic valve replacement

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Reshaping Global Order in the 21st Century:G-Plus Leadership in a Multiplex world

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china & world Economy 2019年第5期27卷 63-78页

作者： Amitav Acharya Antoni Estevadeordal louis w.Goodman School of International Service American University USA Integration and Trade Sector Inter-American Development Bank Washington DC

This article identifies divergent views on the nature of the changing order and argues that collaborative rather than hegemonic leadership is necessary to sustain global peace, prosperity and justice. This collaborative leadership would increase the number of actors with effective *** calls the evolving order "multiplex" because of the overlapping yet divergent interests of the actors involved and "G-Plus" signaling the importance of the increasing number and diversity of *** does so in the context of two of the many challenges facing this multiplex G-Plus world: sustaining economic prosperity and coordinating global trade.

关键词： economic growth G-Plus leadership global order global trade multiplex world

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