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Tau in the pancreas:understanding the link between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 6-7页

作者： Wenlu Li steffen Tiedt Eng h.lo Neuroprotection Research Laboratories Departments of Radiology and NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMA02129USA Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l’AVC(CIRCA) BostonUSA Institute for stroke and Dementia Research LMU University HospitalLMU MunichMunichGermany

A recent study published in Molecular Psychiatry proposes a cellular mechanism that may contribute to decreased insulin production in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).1 Using a combination of cell culture experiments,animal models and studies in T2DM patients,the authors show that an up-regulation of tau inβ-islet cells can inhibit pancreatic insulin secretion through changes in microtubule assembly.

关键词： T2DM Alzheimer tau

Post-fontan circulation hepatocellular carcinoma:Open and laparoscopic hepatectomy

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 90-93页

作者： Karin KY ho Wong hoi she simon hY Tsang Kevin s lo Tan To Cheung Department of surgery The University of Hong Kong102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina Department of Anaes.hesiology Queen Mary Hospital102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina

To the Editor:Fontan-associated liver disease shows increasing incidence as advances in pediatric cardiology have prolonged life expectancy in patients with single ventricle congenital heart defects[1].Their unique physiology and procedure-related sequelae present an increasingly relevant challenge in hepatic *** hereby reported a series of patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma(hCC)who successfully underwent open and laparoscopic hepatectomy.

关键词： hepatocellular hepatectomy surgery

Optimizing Average Electric Power During the Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Through the Taguchi Method

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 152-166页

作者： Mohd h.s.Alrashdan Department of Electrical Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMaan 71110Jordan

In recent times, lithium-ion batteries.have been widely used owing to their high energy density, extended cycle lifespan, and minimal self-dis.harge rate. The design of high-speed rechargeable lithium-ion batteries faces a significant challenge owing to the need to increase average electric power during charging. This challenge results from the direct influence of the power level on the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the battery electrodes. In this study, the Taguchi optimization method was used to enhance the average electric power during the charging process of lithium-ion batteries. The Taguchi technique is a statistical strategy that facilitates the systematic and efficient evaluation of numerous experimental variables. The proposed method involved varying seven input factors, including positive electrode thickness, positive electrode material, positive electrode active material volume fraction, negative electrode active material volume fraction, separator thickness, positive current collector thickness, and negative current collector thickness. Three levels were assigned to each control factor to identify the optimal conditions and maximize the average electric power during charging. Moreover, a variance assessment analysis was conducted to validate the results obtained from the Taguchi analysis. The results revealed that the Taguchi method was an eff ective approach for optimizing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries. This indicates that the positive electrode material, followed by the separator thickness and the negative electrode active material volume fraction, was key factors significantly infl uencing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries response. The identification of optimal conditions resulted in the improved performance of lithium-ion batteries, extending their potential in various applications. Particularly, lithium-ion batteries with average electric power of 16 W and 17

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Average electric power during charging Taguchi method COMsOL Multiphysics software C rate L27 orthogonal array

Fault Diagnosis s.heme for Railway switch Machine Using Multi-sensor Fusion Tensor Machine

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4533-4549页

作者： Chen Chen Zhongwei Xu Meng Mei Kai huang siu Ming lo s.hool of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai201804China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina s.hool of Computer Engineering Jimei UniversityXiamen361021China

Railway switch machine is essential for maintaining the safety and punctuality of train operations.A data-driven fault diagnosis s.heme for railway switch machine using tensor machine and multi-representation monitoring data is developed *** existing methods,this approach takes into account the spatial information of the time series monitoring data,aligning with the domain expertise of on-site manual ***,a multi-sensor fusion tensor machine is designed to improve single signal data’s limitations in insufficient ***,one-dimensional signal data is preprocessed and transformed into two-dimensional ***,the fusion feature tensor is created by utilizing the images of the three-phase current and employing the CANDE-COMP/PARAFAC(CP)decomposition ***,the tensor learning-based model is built using the extracted fusion feature *** developed fault diagnosis s.heme is valid with the field three-phase current *** experiment indicates an enhanced performance of the developed fault diagnosis s.heme over the current approach,particularly in terms of recall,precision,and F1-score.

关键词： Railway switch machine tensor machine fault diagnosis

Autolysosomal acidification impairment as a mediator for TNFR1 induced neuronal necroptosis in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1869-1870页

作者： Evridiki Asimakidou Richard Reynolds Anna M.Barron Chih hung lo Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Department of Brain sciences Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK Lee Kong Chian s.hool of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Neuronal necroptosis-an emerging form of regulated cell death associated with neuroinflammatory signaling:Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is characterized by the presence of extracellular amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and intracellular tau neurofibrillary tangles as well as progressive neuronal *** evidence has suggested that prolonged neuroinflammation with increased levels of cytokines,arising from neuronal injury,innate immune responses from glial cells,and peripheral inflammation,leads to neuronal death and AD progression.

关键词： Alzheimer death tau Aβ

how Can Practitioners support Citizen Volunteers in Disaster Risk Reduction? Insight from “Good and Ready” in Aotearoa New Zealand

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2024年第03期15卷 374-387页

作者： lo?c Le Dé steve Ronoh Ei Mon Thinn Kyu Brigitte Rive s.hool of Public health and Interdisciplinary studies Auckland University of Technology Pacific health Research Centre Auckland University of Technology New Zealand Red Cross

Global and national policy frameworks emphasize the importance of people's participation and volunteers' role in disaster risk reduction. While research has extensively focused on volunteers in disaster response and recovery, less attention has been paid on how organizations involved in disaster risk management can support volunteers in leading and coordinating communitybased disaster risk reduction. In 2019, the New Zealand Red Cross piloted the Good and Ready initiative in Auckland,Aotearoa New Zealand, with the objective to empower local people in resilience building with a focus on volunteers and community participation. This research examined the positive and negative outcomes of Good and Ready and investigated volunteers' experiences in the disaster resilience initiative. It involved the codesign of a questionnaire-based survey using participatory methods with Good and Ready volunteers, the dissemination of the survey to gather volunteers' viewpoints, and a focus group discussion with participatory activities with Red Cross volunteers. The findings.highlight that a key challenge lies in finding a balance between a program that provides flexibility to address contextual issues and fosters communities' ownership, versus a prescriptive and standardized approach that leaves little room for creativity and self-initiative. It pinpoints that supporting volunteers with technical training is critical but that soft skills training such as coordinating, communicating,or facilitating activities at the local level are needed. It concludes that the sustainability of Good and Ready requires understanding and meeting volunteers' motivations and expectations and that enhancing partnerships with local emergency management agencies would strengthen the program.

关键词： Community-based approach Disaster risk reduction New Zealand Participation Volunteers

A Comprehensive Review on Charging Topologies and Power Electronic Converter solutions for Electric Vehicles

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 675-694页

作者： Abdelfatah Ali hossam h.h.Mousa Mostafa F.shaaban Maher A.Azzouz Ahmed s.A.Awad the Department of Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah26666 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates the Department of Electrical Engineering South Valley University83523 QenaEgypt the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4 Canada Electrical Engineering Department Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat123Oman

Electric vehicles(EVs)are becoming more popular worldwide due to environmental concerns,fuel security,and price *** performance of EVs relies on the energy stored in their batteries,which can be charged using either AC(slow)or DC(fast)***,EVs can also be used as mobile power storage devices using vehicle-to-grid(V2G)*** electronic converters(PECs.have a constructive role in EV applications,both in charging EVs and in ***,this paper comprehensively investigates the state of the art of EV charging topologies and PEC solutions for EV *** examines PECs from the point of view of their classifications,configurations,control approaches,and future research prospects and their impacts on power *** can be classified into various topologies:DC-DC converters,AC-DC converters,DC-AC converters,and AC-AC *** address the limitations of traditional DC-DC converters such as switching losses,size,and high-electromagnetic interference(EMI),resonant converters and multiport converters are being used in high-voltage EV ***,power-train converters.have been modified for high-efficiency and reliability in EV *** paper offers an overview of charging topologies,PECs,challenges with solutions,and future trends in the field of the EV charging station applications.

关键词： Charging station charging topology electric vehicle power electronic converter vehicle-to-grid

Extremely thin but very robust:surprising cryptogam trait combinations at the end of the leaf economics spectrum

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 621-629页

作者： Tana Wuyun Lu Zhang Tiina Tosens Bin Liu Kristiina Mark JoséÁngel Morales-sanchez Jesamine Jöneva Rikis.hedew Vivian Kuusk Ülo Niinemets Institute of Agricultural and Environmental sciences Estonian University of Life SciencesKreutzwaldi 1Tartu 51014Estonia College of Landscape and Architecture Zhejiang A&F University666 Wusu StreetHangzhou 311300China Estonian Academy of sciences Kohtu 6Tallinn 10130Estonia

Leaf economics spectrum(LEs)describes the fundamental trade-offs between leaf structural,chemical,and physiological ***,structurally robust thick leaves with high leaf dry mass per unit area(LMA)exhibit lower photosynthetic capacity per dry mass(Amass).Paradoxically,“soft and thinleaved”mosses and spikemosses.have very low Amass,but due to minute-size foliage elements,their LMA and its components,leaf thickness(LT)and density(LD),have not been systematically ***,we characterized LEs and associated traits in cryptogams in unprecedented details,covering five evolutionarily different *** found that mosses and spikemosses.had the lowest LMA and LT values ever measured for terrestrial *** a broad range of species from different lineages,Amass and LD were negatively *** contrast,Amass was only related to LMA when LMA was greater than 14 g cm^(-2).In fact,low Amass reflected high LD and cell wall thickness in the studied *** conclude that evolutionarily old plant lineages attained poorly differentiated,ultrathin mesophyll by increasing *** plant lineages,LD,not LMA,is the trait that represents the trade-off between leaf robustness and physiology in the LEs.

关键词： Investment strategy Leaf density Leaf structural traits LMA estimation bias Non-seed plants Trait trade-offs

MgO-attached graphene nanosheet(MgO@GNs)reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposite with superior mechanical,corrosion and biological performance

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 2062-2076页

作者： s.Abazari A.shamsipur h.R.Bakhsheshi-Rad M.s.s.heilirad F.Khorashadizade s.s.Mirhosseini Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehran ***Iran Iranian National standards Organization of hormozgan HormozganIran Advanced Materials Research Center Department of Materials EngineeringNajafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabadIran Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are gaining great consideration as body implant materials due to their high biodegradability and ***,they suffer from low corrosion resistance and antibacterial *** this research,semi-powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion was utilized to produce the magnesium oxide@graphene nanosheets/magnesium(MgO@GNs/Mg)composite to improve mechanical,corrosion and cytocompatibility *** have revealed that the incorporation of MgO@GNs nanohybrids into Mg-based composite enhanced microhardness and compressive *** vitro,osteoblast cell culture tests show that using MgO@GNs nanohybrid fillers enhances osteoblast adhesion and apatite *** presence of MgO@GNs nanoparticles in the composites decreased the opening defects,micro-cracks and micro-pores of the composites thus preventing the penetration of the corrosive solution into the *** demonstrated that the MgO@GNs/Mg composite possesses excellent antibacterial properties because of the combination of the release of MgO and physical damage to bacterium membranes caused by the sharp edges of graphene nanosheets that can effectively damage the cell wall thereby facilitating penetration into the bacterial lipid ***,the MgO@GNs/Mg composite with high mechanical strength,antibacterial activity and corrosion resistance is considered to be a promising material for load-bearing implant applications.

关键词： metal matrix composites MgO@GNs nanohybrid strengthening mechanisms antibacterial activity biocompatibility