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Remodeling of astrocyte secretome in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:uncovering novel targets to combat astrocyte-mediated toxicity

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 84-97页

作者： Winanto ng Shi-yan ng Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology A*STAR Research EntitiesSingapore 138673Singapore

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is an adult-onset paralytic disease characterized by progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in the motor cortex,brainstem and spinal *** neuron degeneration is typically caused by a combination of intrinsic neuronal(cell autonomous)defects as well as extrinsic(non-cell autonomous)factors such as astrocyte-mediated *** are highly plastic cells that react to their microenvironment to mediate relevant *** neurodegeneration,astrocytes often turn reactive and in turn secrete a slew of factors to exert pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic *** efforts have been carried out to characterize the diseased astrocyte secretome over the years,revealing that pro-inflammatory chemokines,cytokines and microRNAs are the main players in mediating neuronal *** metabolomic technologies mature,these studies begin to shed light on neurotoxic metabolites such as secreted *** this focused review,we will discuss changes in the astrocyte secretome during *** particular,we will discuss the components of the reactive astrocyte secretome that contribute to neuronal death in ALS.

关键词： Motor neuron disease Astrocyte Astrocyte-mediated toxicity Secretome

Jetting-based bioprinting:process,dispense physics,and applications

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 771-799页

作者： Wei Long ng Viktor Shkolnikov Singapore Centre for 3D Printing(SC3DP) School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University(NTU)Singapore 639798Singapore HP Inc. Palo AltoCA 94304USA

Jetting-based bioprinting facilitates contactless drop-on-demand deposition of subnanoliter droplets at well-defined positions to control the spatial arrangement of cells,growth factors,drugs,and biomaterials in a highly automated layer-by-layer fabrication *** to its immense versatility,jetting-based bioprinting has been used for various applications,including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,wound healing,and drug development.A lack of in-depth understanding exists in the processes that occur during jetting-based *** review paper will comprehensively discuss the physical considerations for bioinks and printing conditions used in jetting-based *** first present an overview of different jetting-based bioprinting techniques such as inkjet bioprinting,laser-induced forward transfer bioprinting,electrohydrodynamic jet bioprinting,acoustic bioprinting and microvalve ***,we provide an in-depth discussion of various considerations for bioink formulation relating to cell deposition,print chamber design,droplet formation and droplet ***,we highlight recent accomplishments in jetting-based *** present the advantages and challenges of each method,discuss considerations relating to cell viability and protein stability,and conclude by providing insights into future directions of jetting-based bioprinting.

关键词： 3D bioprinting Biofabrication Jetting-based Dispense physics Machine learning

Potential Hydrodynamic Performance Enhancement of Hydrokinetic Turbine with Hydrophobic Coatings

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China Ocean Engineering 2021年第6期35卷 924-932页

作者： CHEN Long ng Kai-Wern School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China

Hydrokinetic energy is a promising technology to harness predictable renewable energy from free-flowing water,tides and ocean *** studies have been conducted by researchers and engineers to find out ways to enhance the performance of the hydrokinetic *** current paper reports the experimental study of using hydrophobic coating as an alternative way to improve the performance of hydrokinetic turbine.A hydrophobic coating can lower the friction drag of a surface that is in contact with *** hydrokinetic turbine blade,reduction in friction drag may allow a blade section to have a better lift/drag ratio and have its efficiency *** this study,a formula to predict the pattern of drag reduction over a hydrophobic surface has been *** hydrophobic coatings were applied on NACA 63418 hydrofoils and their performances were *** was found that NACA 63418 hydrofoil with the hydrophobic coatings had its drag reduced by an average of 3%−4.0%.When the coatings were applied on a 350 mm diameter three-bladed turbine,the maximum increment of rotational speed of the turbine was found to be 2.5%.The performance of the two coatings against marine fouling was also *** weight of plate with and without the coatings increased by 10%and 100%,respectively.

关键词： hydrophobic coating hydrokinetic energy marine fouling

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Trans-bis(acesulfamato-O)tetraaquazinc(Ⅱ)

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2010年第7期29卷 1047-1050页

作者： SAHIN Onur ICBUDAK Hasan B(U|¨)y(U|¨)KG(U|¨)ng(O|¨)R Orhan Department of Physics Faculty of Arts and SciencesOndokuz Mayis UniversitySamsunTurkey Department of Chemistry Faculty of Arts and SciencesOndokuz Mayis UniversitySamsunTurkey

The title compound, trans-bis（acesulfamato-O）tetraaquazinc（Ⅱ）（I, C8H16N2O12S2Zn）, crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 5.1638（5）, b = 8.5338（9）, c = 9.9583（9）A, α = 74.325（8）, β = 81.112（7）, γ = 75.800（8）°, V= 407.77（7） A3, Z = 1, F（000） = 236, Rint = 0.085, T= 296 K, the final R = 0.029 and wR = 0.078 for 1832 observed reflections with I〉 2σ（0. The ZnⅡcentre resides on a centre of symmetry and has a distorted octahedral geometry. The basal plane is defined by two carbonyl O atoms of two monodentate trans-oriented acesulfamato ligands and two trans-aqua ligands. The axial positions in the octahedron are occupied by two trans-aqua ligands. Intermolecular O-H…O hydrogen bonds produce R22（8） and R22（16） rings, which lead to two- dimensional polymeric chains.

关键词： crystal structure zinc(Ⅱ) octahedral complex hydrogen bonds

Indexing Non-merohedrally Twinned Crystals by Bruker'sAPEX2 and Agilent's CrysAlis^(PRO), an Example of a Crystal Structure That Can Be Refined through Either the PLATONRoute or the ‘HKLF 5' Route, and, Simultaneous Data Collection of Two Crystals in a Two-in-one Run

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2014年第2期33卷 294-303页

作者： ng Seik Weng Department of Chemistry University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Chemistry Department King Abdulaziz University

The first part of this report describes the data reduction of non-merohedrally twinned crystals measured on Bruker and Agilent area-detector diffractometers. The image frames of methyl-2-aminopyrazine-3-carboxylate were processed with APEX2 to furnish a set of overlapping diffraction indices that were used for solution and refinement. CrysAlisPRO was used for processing the frames of bis（diethyldicarbamato）nickel, which exists in monoclinic and tetragonal polymorphs, and in untwinned and twinned forms. In the second part, the crystal structure of [（3-formyl-4- hydroxyphenyl）methyl]triphenylphosphanium chloride was refined through the ‘HKLF 5＇（based on a combined set of diffraction indices） and PLATON（based on one set of diffraction indices） routes to give identical outcomes because the amount of overlap of the twin domains is small. For the third part, in a proof-of-concept investigation, the diffraction pattern of untwinned and twinned 4-{（E）-（4-aminophenyl）diazenyl]phenylamine was recorded simultaneously in one run; the three domains could be indexed and the crystal structure satisfactorily refined. The refinement was identical to those derived from independent measurements; the crystal structure features two independent centrosymmetric molecules, one of which is ordered and the other whole-molecule-disordered. This two-in-one run opens up the possibility that two or more crystals having different atomic compositions can be measured simultaneously if their reciprocal lattices do not overlap significantly.

关键词： merohedral non-merohedral twin APEX2 Crys Alis^PRO two-in-one data collection

A Nonstandard Lévy-Khintchine Formula and Lévy Processes

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2008年第2期24卷 241-252页

作者： Siu Ah ng School of Mathematical Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa

We use methods from nonstandard analysis to obtain a short and simple derivation of the Levy-Khintchine formula via an explicit construction of certain laws of the infinitesimal increments. Consequently, any arbitrary... 详细信息

关键词： Levy processes Levy-Khintchine formula nonstandard analysis infinitesimal hyperfinite

Microstructure and mechanical behavior of laser aided additive manufactured low carbon interstitial Fe_(49.5)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Cr_(10)C_(0.5)multicomponent alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第18期77卷 38-46页

作者： y.Chew Z.G.Zhu F.Weng S.B.Gao F.L.ng B.y Lee G.J.Bi Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology 73 Nanyang Drive637662Singapore School of Mechanical Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 N any ang Avenue639798Singapore

Laser aided additive manufacturing(LAAM)was used to fabricate bulk Fe_(49.5)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Cr_(10)C_(0.5)interstitial multicomponent alloy using pre-alloyed *** room temperature yield strength(σ_y),ultimate tensile strength(σ_(UTS))and elongation(ε_(UTS))were 645 MPa,917 MPa and 27.0%*** asbuilt sample consisted of equiaxed and dendritic cellular structures formed by elemental *** cellular structures together with oxide particle inclusions were deemed to strengthen the *** other contributing components include dislocation strengthening,friction stress and grain boundary *** highε_(UTS)was attributed to dislocation motion and activation of both twinning and transformation-induced plasticity(TWIP and TRIP).Tensile tests performed at-40℃and-130℃demonstrated superior tensile strength of 1041 MPa and 1267 MPa ***,almost no twinning was observed in the fractured sample tested at-40℃and-130℃.Instead,higher fraction of strain-induced hexagonal close-packed(HCP)εphase transformation of 21.2%were observed for fractured sample tested at-40℃,compared with 6.3%in fractured room temperature sample.

关键词： Multicomponent alloys Laser aided additive manufacturing Additive manufacturing Microstructure Mechanical property

Ground state energy of excitons in quantum dot treated variationally via Hylleraas-like wavefunction

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第4期18卷 1578-1585页

作者： S. Sakiroglu . Dogan A. yιldιz K. Akgngr H. Epik y. Ergn H. Sarι . Skmen Physics Department Dokuz Eyll University Physics Department Anadolu University Physics Department Cumhuriyet University

In this work, the effects of quantum confinement on the ground state energy of a correlated electron-hole pair in a spherical and in a disc-like quantum dot have been investigated as a function of quantum dot size. Under parabolic confinement potential and within effective mass approximation Ritz＇s variational method is applied to Hylleraas-like trial wavefunction. An efficient method for reducing the main effort of the calculation of terms like τekh exp （-λτeh） is introduced. The main contribution of the present work is the introduction of integral transforms which provide the calculation of expectation value of energy and the related matrix elements to be done analytically over single-particle coordinates instead of Hvlleraas coordinates.

关键词： exciton parabolic confinement variational method Hylleraas coordinates

WAVE INDUCED OSCILLATORy AND STEADy FLOWS IN THE ANNULUS OF A CATHETERIZED VISCOELASTIC TUBE

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2010年第5期22卷 605-617页

作者： ng Chiu-On CHAng yin-yee Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

A perturbation analysis based on equations of motion in Lagrangian form is presented for the oscillatory and time-mean viscous flows induced by a propagating wave of small amplitude in an annulus with a viscoelastic outer wall. Owing to the steady streaming effect, the existence of a catheter in a blood vessel brings in an additional steady pressure gradient, a correction to that predicted by the linear theory, and an additional steady shear stress, which may increase the possibility of hemolysis of red blood cells.

关键词： annulus flow steady streaming catheterized artery