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Potential effects of automated driving on vehicle travel demand: A comparison of three case cities

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第2期11卷 348-361页

作者： Jingchen Dai Ruimin Li zhiyong liu School of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Hang Lung Center for Real Estate Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

Automated vehicles(AVs)hold the potential to reduce road accidents,mitigate traffic congestion,and improve travel ***,the possible countervailing impacts from the changes in underserved populations’vehicle travel demand tend to be *** determine the vehicle travel demand changes that resulted from underserved populations aged between 6 and 80,this paper explores the latent effect of AVs on vehicle kilometers traveled(VKT)in a fully AV environment using person trip survey data from the cities of Sanya,Shijiazhuang,and Shenzhen in *** paper uses the natural decline hypothesis of travel demand and proposes a regression model to investigate the difference among the cities’latent vehicle travel *** show that the average VKT of the overall population in Sanya,Shijiazhuang,and Shenzhen increased by 33.4%,47.0%,and46.8%,*** analysis of the regression model confirms that the current travel behavior of individuals can affect the degree of increase in their average *** AVs into public transport,increasing the acceptance of automated shared mobility options,transforming road space use type,and prototyping AV designs with various features and needs are potential methods to cope with the countervailing *** total VKT of the overall population increased by approximately 10%-25%depending on the *** conclusions of this paper provide informative insights into the evaluation of VKT for underserved populations and contribute to the deployment of AVs to address equity and inclusion issues.

关键词： Automated vehicles Vehicle kilometers traveled Aging population Travel behavior Natural decline hypothesis

Stability of water yield in watersheds

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 483-496页

作者： Yu YAN zhiyong liu Xiaohong CHEN Liyan HUANG Center for Water Resources and Environment School of Civil EngineeringSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai519082China

The hydrological system of a watershed is intricately influenced by both underlying characteristics and climate *** the variability in water yield is essential for effective water resources management and water security in the context of changing *** this study,we adopted the Budyko framework and leveraged simulations from the CMIP6 model to investigate the compensation effects of climate and underlying characteristics on watershed water *** on Taylor expansion and Budyko framework,we estimated the sensitivity of watershed water yield to climate and underlying characteristics(the first-and second-order partial derivatives).By combining external watershed characteristics(e.g.,water yield ratios and underlying characteristics)with internal sensitivity coefficients,this study further used vine copula and principal component analysis to quantify the stability of watershed water *** findings show:(1)Water-yield changes related to underlying characteristics could be offset by climate-related water-yield changes across all climate zones,maintaining the water yield ratio steady(i.e.,the compensation effects).(2)However,global watersheds will turn more sensitive to underlying characteristics and less sensitive to climate variation in the *** climate-and underlying-related sensitivities increase in watersheds with arid climates.(3)The stability of watershed water yield will gradually diminish in the *** 1901–1950to 2051–2100,the global stability of 280 watersheds drops from 0.054 to 0.021(i.e.,stability index identified by the joint probability).Particularly,the largest change in stability of water yield reaches-0.347±0.18 in arid *** semi-arid,semihumid,and humid regions,the changes are-0.039±0.010,-0.028±0.005,and-0.005±0.002,*** findings provide a reference for the future sustainable water resources development under climate change,highlighting the vulnerability of the water resources in ari

关键词： Hydrological system stability Compensation effects on water yield Sensitivities Budyko-Fu decomposition framework Global watersheds

Effect of helmet-wearing regulation on electric-bike riders:a case study of two cities in China

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第3期6卷 62-70页

作者： Wenxin Ma zhiyong liu Ruimin Li Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

Objectives:Electric bikes(e-bikes)are widely used for commuting and delivery in *** the rapid increase in e-bikes on the road,related accidents have become crucial issues threatening the *** research aims to explore the protective effect of helmet-wearing regulation and to investigate some factors influencing head injury with reference to two case cities in China,obtaining information to protect e-bike ***:The traffic police-reported crash data cover the periods before and after the implementation of helmet-wearing regulations in Taizhou(with data from 2017 to 2019)and Nanning(with data in 2020)of *** statistical analysis,logistic regression and chi-square test with a Bonferroni correction were applied in the ***:A lack of helmets was common among victims in the context of a high helmet-wearing rate among general e-bike riders in Taizhou,indicating that fatality could be avoided to some extent by wearing ***,helmet wearing could reduce the probability of suffering fatal head injury by 6.4%.After the regulation implementation in Taizhou,the proportion of fatal head injuries decreased from 89%to 79%,remaining at a high level,which indicates that other measures in addition to helmet-wearing regulations should be *** to the results from Nanning,mandatory regulation worked more effectively than encouraged regulation in terms of reducing head ***:Mandatory helmet-wearing regulations are highly recommended to policymakers to reduce head injury among e-bike *** in addition to helmet-wearing regulation,*** law-abiding awareness and improving road infrastructure,should be considered to further protect e-bike riders.

关键词： e-bike safety accident analysis helmet-wearing regulation head injury

Advances in memristor based artificial neuron fabrication-materials,models,and applications

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 27-50页

作者： Jingyao Bian zhiyong liu Ye Tao Zhongqiang Wang Xiaoning Zhao Ya Lin Haiyang Xu Yichun liu Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology(Northeast Normal University) Ministry of Education5268 Renmin StreetChangchunPeople’s Republic of China

Spiking neural network(SNN),widely known as the third-generation neural network,has been frequently investigated due to its excellent spatiotemporal information processing capability,high biological plausibility,and low energy consumption *** to the working mechanism of human brain,the SNN system transmits information through the spiking action of ***,artificial neurons are critical building blocks for constructing SNN in *** are drawing growing attention due to low consumption,high speed,and nonlinearity characteristics,which are recently introduced to mimic the functions of biological *** have proposed multifarious memristive materials including organic materials,inorganic materials,or even two-dimensional *** advantage of the unique electrical behavior of these materials,several neuron models are successfully implemented,such as Hodgkin–Huxley model,leaky integrate-and-fire model and integrate-and-fire *** this review,the recent reports of artificial neurons based on memristive devices are *** addition,we highlight the models and applications through combining artificial neuronal devices with sensors or other electronic ***,the future challenges and outlooks of memristor-based artificial neurons are discussed,and the development of hardware implementation of brain-like intelligence system based on SNN is also prospected.

关键词： artificial neuron memristor memristive materials neuron model micro-nano manufacturing spiking neural network

Indium-doped perovskite-related cesium copper halide scintillator films for high-performance X-ray imaging

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 369-376页

作者： RUI liu zhiyong liu CHENGXU LIN GUANGDA NIU XUNING ZHANG BO SUN TIELIN SHI GUANGLAN LIAO State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Aerospace Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Scintillators are widely utilized in high-energy radiation detection in view of their high light yield and short fluorescence decay ***,constrained by their current shortcomings,such as complex fabrication procedures,high temperature,and difficulty in the large scale,it is difficult to meet the increasing demand for costeffective,flexible,and environment-friendly X-ray detection using traditional ***-related cesium copper halide scintillators have recently received multitudinous research due to their tunable emission wavelength,high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),and excellent optical ***,we demonstrated a facile solution-synthesis route for indium-doped all-inorganic cesium copper iodide(Cs_(3)Cu_(2)I_(5))powders and a high scintillation yield flexible film utilizing indium-doped Cs_(3)Cu_(2)I_(5)*** large area flexible films achieved a PLQY as high as 90.2%by appropriately adjusting the indium doping concentration,much higher than the undoped one(73.9%).Moreover,benefiting from low self-absorption and high PLQY,the Cs_(3)Cu_(2)I_(5):In films exhibited ultralow detection limit of 56.2 n Gy/s,high spatial resolution up to 11.3 lp/mm,and marvelous relative light output with strong stability,facilitating that Cs_(3)Cu_(2)I_(5):In films are excellent candidates for X-ray medical *** work provides an effective strategy for developing environment-friendly,low-cost,and efficient scintillator films,showing great potential in the application of highperformance X-ray imaging.

关键词： properties copper halide

Stress-assisted corrosion mechanism of 3Ni steel by using gradient boosting decision tree machining learning method

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1311-1321页

作者： Xiaojia Yang Jinghuan Jia Qing Li Renzheng Zhu Jike Yang zhiyong liu Xuequn Cheng Xiaogang Li Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China AECC Key Laboratory of Advanced Corrosion and Protection of Aeronautical Materials AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical MaterialsBeijing 100095China Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology BeijingFoshan 528399China

Traditional 3Ni weathering steel cannot completely meet the requirements for offshore engineering development,resulting in the design of novel 3Ni steel with the addition of microalloy elements such as Mn or Nb for strength enhancement becoming a *** stress-assisted corrosion behavior of a novel designed high-strength 3Ni steel was investigated in the current study using the corrosion big data *** information on the corrosion process was recorded using the galvanic corrosion current monitoring *** gradi-ent boosting decision tree(GBDT)machine learning method was used to mine the corrosion mechanism,and the importance of the struc-ture factor was *** exposure tests were conducted to verify the calculated results using the GBDT *** indic-ated that the GBDT method can be effectively used to study the influence of structural factors on the corrosion process of 3Ni ***-ferent mechanisms for the addition of Mn and Cu to the stress-assisted corrosion of 3Ni steel suggested that Mn and Cu have no obvious effect on the corrosion rate of non-stressed 3Ni steel during the early stage of *** the corrosion reached a stable state,the in-crease in Mn element content increased the corrosion rate of 3Ni steel,while Cu reduced this *** the presence of stress,the increase in Mn element content and Cu addition can inhibit the corrosion *** corrosion law of outdoor-exposed 3Ni steel is consistent with the law based on corrosion big data technology,verifying the reliability of the big data evaluation method and data prediction model selection.

关键词： weathering steel stress-assisted corrosion gradient boosting decision tree machining learning

A novel integrated microfluidic chip for on-demand electrostatic droplet charging and sorting

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 31-42页

作者： Jinhui Yao Chunhua He Jianxin Wang Canfeng Yang Ye Jiang zhiyong liu Guanglan Liao Tielin Shi State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

On-demand droplet sorting is extensively applied for the efficient manipulation and genome-wide analysis of individual ***,state-of-the-art microfluidic chips for droplet sorting still suffer from low sorting speeds,sample loss,and labor-intensive preparation ***,we demonstrate the development of a novel microfluidic chip that integrates droplet generation,on-demand electrostatic droplet charging,and high-throughput *** charging electrode is a copper wire buried above the nozzle of the microchannel,and the deflecting electrode is the phosphate buffered saline in the microchannel,which greatly simplifies the structure and fabrication process of the ***,this chip is capable of high-frequency droplet generation and sorting,with a frequency of 11.757 kHz in the drop *** chip completes the selective charging process via electrostatic induction during droplet ***-demand charged microdroplets can arbitrarilymove to specific exit channels in a three-dimensional(3D)-deflected electric field,which can be controlled according to user requirements,and the flux of droplet deflection is thereby significantly ***,a lossless modification strategy is presented to improve the accuracy of droplet deflection or harvest rate from 97.49% to 99.38% by monitoring the frequency of droplet generation in real time and feeding it back to the charging *** chip has great potential for quantitative processing and analysis of single cells for elucidating cell-to-cell variations.

关键词： Copper wire Droplet generation Droplet sorting Microfluidic chips On-demand charging

Spontaneous hierarchical surface engineering of minerals through coupled dissolution-precipitation chemistry

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 460-472页

作者： Jinyang Jiang Jiawen Zhang Lanxin Wang Zeyu Lu Fengjuan Wang zhiyong liu Hongbo Zeng Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Construction Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChinal 2Chemical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Peculiar hierarchical microstructures in creatures inspire modern material design with distinct *** can effortlessly construct sophisticated yet long-range ordered microstructure across bio-membrane through ion secretion and ***,microstructure biomimicry in current technology generally requires elaborate,point-by-point ***,a spontaneous yet controllable strategy is developed to achieve surface microstructure engineering through a natural surface phenomenon similar to ion secretion-precipitation,that is,coupled dissolution-precipitation.A series of hierarchical microstructures on mineral surfaces in fluids with tunable morphology,orientation,dimension,and spatial distribution are achieved by simply controlling initial dissolution and fluid *** seawater,long-range ordered film of vertically aligned brucite flakes forms through interfacial dissolution,nucleation,and confinement-induced orientation of flakes with vertically grown{110}plane,on the edge of which,fusiform aragonite epitaxially *** negligible initial surface dissolution,prismatic aragonite epitaxially grows on a calcite polyhedron-packed *** tuning fluid chemistry,closely packed calcite polyhedron and loosely packed calcite micro-pillars are engineered through rapid and retarded precipitation,***,the spontaneously grown microstructures resemble those deliberately created by human or found in nature,and tremendously modulate surface *** findings open new possibilities for facile and customizable engineering of microstructural surfaces,hierarchical heterostructures,and biomimetic materials.

关键词： directional crystallization dissolution-precipitation chemistry hierarchical microstructures spontaneous growth surface engineering

Flexoelectricity in oxide thin films

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2024年第1期14卷 1-24页

作者： Guoyang Shen Renhong Liang Zhiguo Wang zhiyong liu Longlong Shu School of Physics and Materials Science Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 P.R.China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063P.R.China

Flexoelectric effect describes the electromechanical coupling between the strain gradient and its internal polarization in all *** this universality,the resulting flexoelectric field remains small at the macroscopic ***,in nanosystems,the size-dependent effect of flexoelectricity becomes increasingly significant,leading to a notable flexoelectric field that can strongly influence the material’s physical *** review aims to explore the flexoelectric effect specifically at the *** achieve this by examining strain gradients generated through two distinct methods:internal inhomogeneous strain and external *** addition,advanced synthesis techniques are utilized to enhance the properties and functionalities associated with ***,we delve into other coupled phenomena observed in thin films,including the coupling and utilization of flexomagnetic and flexophotovoltaic *** review presents the latest advancements in these areas and highlights their role in driving further breakthroughs in the field of flexoelectricity.

关键词： Flexoelectric effect strain gradient polarization nano-thin film flexomagnetic flexophotovoltaic