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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第6期90卷 2000-2007页

作者： Ntokozo MALAZA liu ken ZHAO Baojin Department of Geology University of Fort Hare Worley Parsons 39 Melrose BoulevardMelrose Arch

The subsidence history of the Soutpansberg Basin was reconstructed by a tectonic subsidence analysis coupled with backstripping calculations based on data of newly interpreted sequence boundaries. Furthermore, burial and time plots were constructed in order to understand the burial and thermal history of the basin. Input data were based on facies, lithostratigraphic models and tectonic interpretations. The studied succession is up to 1000 m and is underlain by the Achaean Limpopo Mobile Belt. The subsidence within the basin supports the primary graben system which must have been centred within the present basins, and later became a region of faulting. The subsidence and burial history curves suggests two phases of rapid subsidence during the Early-Late Permian （300–230 Ma） and Middle Triassic （215–230 Ma）. The areas of greater extension subsided more rapidly during these intervals. Two slow subsidence phases are observed during the Late Triassic （215–198 Ma） and Early Jurassic （198–100 Ma）. These intervals represent the post-rift thermal subsidence and are interpreted as slow flexural subsidence. Based on these observations on the subsidence curves, it is possible to infer that the first stage of positive inflexion （300 Ma） is therefore recognised as the first stage of the Soutpansberg Basin formation.

关键词： Basin subsidence Karoo Supergroup Soutpansberg basin Permian-Jurassic

Exercise in the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease-is more the answer, or is it just one piece of the puzzle?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第2期13卷 329-332页

作者： Emily Nash ken liu AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia Faculty of Medicine and Health University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Liver Injury and Cancer Program Centenary InstituteSydneyNSWAustralia

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome,a rapidly growing clinical and public health issue mirrored by epidemic rates of obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus,hypertension and cardiovascular disease(CVD).Besides MAFLD,nomenclature used to capture fatty liver disease not primarily due to alcohol excess include non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD).Regardless of the terminology used,these diagnoses describe the most common cause of chronic liver disease ***,MAFLD is poised to become the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and end-stage liver disease requiring liver transplantation around the world(1,2).In addition to this,CVD and extra-hepatic cancers are the two main causes of death in the MAFLD ***,MAFLD poses a severe clinical burden which is projected to worsen in the future and intervention is urgently needed.

关键词： Exercise metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease(MAFLD) diet obesity weight loss

High performance electro-optic modulator based on thin-film lithium niobate

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Optoelectronics Letters 2022年第10期18卷 583-587页

作者： liu Leshu liu Ning ZHANG Jianfa ZHU Zhihong liu ken College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies&Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China

Electro-optic(EO) modulator plays a very critical role in the optical communication systems. Here, we report a stimulated thin-film lithium niobate(LN) modulator with a half-wave voltage-length product of 1.8 V·cm, which can successfully achieve modulation and demodulation of a 1 GHz sinusoidal signal with an amplitude of 5 V in experiment. The optical loss caused by metal electrodes is reduced by optimizing the waveguide structure and depositing silica onto the waveguide, and group-velocity matching and characteristic impedance matching are achieved by optimizing the buffer silica layer and the electrode structure for larger bandwidth, which simultaneously improves the modulation efficiency and bandwidth performance. Our work demonstrated here paves a foundation for integrated photonics.

关键词： modulator waveguide lithium

Animal models for hepatocellular carcinoma arising from alcoholic and metabolic liver diseases

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第2期6卷 39-54页

作者： ken liu Jinbiao Chen Geoffrey W.McCaughan A.W.Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSW 2050Australia Sydney Medical School University of SydneySydneyNSW 2050Australia Liver Injury and Cancer Program Centenary InstituteSydneyNSW 2050Australia

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major and increasing cause of clinical and economic burden worldwide. Now that there are effective therapies to control or eradicate viral aetiologies, the landscape of HCC is changing with alcoholic and metabolic liver diseases becoming major catalysts. The pathogenesis of HCC is complex and incompletely understood, hampering improvements in therapy. Animal models are essential tools for advancing study on the cellular and molecular processes in HCC and for screening potential novel therapies. Many models of hepatocarcinogenesis have been established using various methods including genetic engineering, chemotoxic agents and dietary manipulation to direct implantation of tumour cells. However, none of these can accurately replicate all features found in human diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of different mouse models of HCC with a particular focus on cancer arising from alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hereditary haemochromatosis. We also highlight their strengths and limitations and provide perspectives for future study.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma animal models mouse models non-alcoholic fatty liver disease alcohol haemochromatosis

Genetics of alcohol-related hepatocellular carcinoma - its role in risk prediction

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第7期6卷 54-65页

作者： ken liu Gontran Verset Eric Trepo Devanshi Seth Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Department of Gastroenterology Hepatopancreatology and Digestive OncologyCUB Hôpital ErasmeUniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrussels 1070Belgium Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology UniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrussels 1070Belgium Drug Health Services Royal Prince Alfred HospitalMissenden RoadCamperdownNSW 2050Australia.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common primary liver malignancy,with increasing incidence ***-related cirrhosis(AC)accounts for 30%of the global incidence of HCC and HCC-related *** the decline of hepatitis C virus(HCV)and decreasing HCV-related HCC,AC will soon become the leading cause of *** alcohol consumption(>80 g per day for>10 years)increases the risk of HCC by ***,only up to 35%of excessive drinkers develop cirrhosis and its associated HCC *** variation in susceptibility to HCC is known,but there is limited information to predict who among the patients is at high risk of progressing to *** risk factors for HCC include male gender,older age,severity of cirrhosis,obesity and presence of type 2 *** addition to ethnic variability in HCC risk,genetic variants are known to alter the risk of alcohol-related *** example,single nucleotide polymorphisms in PNPLA3(rs738409,C>G)and TM6SF2(rs58542926,C>T)increase the risk of AC-related HCC,whereas HSD17B13(T>A)reduces the risk for *** have also confirmed PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 to be independent risk factors for AC-related(but not HCV-related)*** genetic risk factors with phenotypic/clinical risk factors has been explored for stratification of patients for HCC *** allele rs378409-G in PNPLA3 when combined with phenotypic/clinical risk factors(BMI,age,sex)has enabled HCC risk stratification of AC patients into low-,intermediate-and high-risk ***,a combination of the two genetic variants PNPLA3-G and TM6SF2-T has been independently associated with risk of HCC *** a polygenic risk score approach of incorporating several genetic variants,prognostic performance of polygenic risk score that included PNPLA3 rs378409 and TM6SF2 rs58542926 improved HCC prediction better than with either variant *** new variants and risk factors has the potential to build better algorithms/models to pre

关键词： Alcohol-related cirrhosis PNPLA3 HSD17B13 TM6SF2 risk prediction

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related hepatotoxicity:A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第32期27卷 5376-5391页

作者： Devika Remash David S Prince Catriona Mckenzie Simone I Strasser Steven Kao ken liu AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney 2050NSWAustralia Sydney Medical School University of SydneySydney 2006NSWAustralia Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney 2050NSWAustralia New South Wales Health Pathology New South Wales HealthSydney 2050NSWAustralia Medical Oncology Chris O’Brien LifehouseSydney 2050NSWAustralia

The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI)in advanced cancer has been a major development in the last *** indications for ICIs are constantly expanding into new territory across different cancers,disease stages and lines of *** this increased use,adverse events including immune checkpoint inhibitor-related hepatotoxicity(ICH)have emerged as an important clinical *** along with the introduction of ICI as first-and second-line treatments for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma makes ICH very relevant to gastroenterologists and *** incidence of ICH varies between 1%-20%depending on the number,type and dose of ICI *** and management generally involve excluding differential diagnoses and following a stepwise escalation of withholding or ceasing ICI,corticosteroid treatment and adding other immunosuppressive agents depending on the severity of *** majority of patients with ICH recover and some may even safely recommence ICI *** recommendations are largely based on evidence derived from retrospective case series which highlights a priority for future research.

关键词： Immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitors Hepatitis Adverse drug event Drug-induced liver injury Immunosuppression

Aligning Fe_(2)O_(3)photo-sheets on TiO_(2)nanofibers with hydrophilic and aerophobic surface for boosting photoelectrochemical performance

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Nano Research 2023年第3期16卷 4178-4187页

作者： Xiangyu Meng Qi Zhan Yanan Wu Mengmeng Zhu ken liu Na Wang Kuibo Yin Yueming Sun Shuai Dong Yunqian Dai School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China School of Physics Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of EducationSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Photoelectrochemical(PEC)nanomaterials are critical to producing clean oxygenation or value-added chemical production by utilizing sustainable solar energy,but are always limited by simultaneous integration of architectural engineering and electronic regulation in one *** by density functional theory(DFT)calculations and finite element analysis(FEA),the bioinspired ivy-like Fe_(2)O_(3)heterostructures with enriched oxygen defects on TiO_(2)nanofibers are designed for boosting PEC ***-like Fe_(2)O_(3)photo-sheets remarkably enhanced the light harvesting by multiple light-mater *** oxygen vacancies on Fe_(2)O_(3)photo-sheets could aid the photons catching and promote the reactivity at active *** importantly,demonstrated by a well-designed dynamic observation,the abundant tip-edges within ivy-like Fe_(2)O_(3)photo-sheets enabled the surface of heterostructure with hydrophilic and aerophobic *** functionalized surface allowed the rapid desorption of produced bubbles and thus ensured a high density of unoccupied active sites for electrolyte *** by these attributes,the Fe_(2)O_(3)@TiO_(2)nanofibers delivered an excellent photocurrent of 40.8 mA/mg,high donor density(1.2×10^(18)cm^(−3)),and rapid oxygen production rate(1 mmol/(L∙h)).This work demonstrates a new strategy on nano-structural design for enhancing light-harvesting and making a hydrophilic/aerophobic surface on low-dimensional oxide nanomaterial,holding great potential on designing high-performance PEC devices for producing survival source gas,carbon-neutral fuel,and valuedchemicals.

关键词： electrospinning nanofibers TiO2 Fe2O3 light harvesting photoelectrochemical

Evaluation and outcomes of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2014年第4期5卷 479-486页

作者： Cositha Santhakumar ken liu Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Level 1 West Concord Repatriation General Hospital

Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB) is defined as recurrent or persistent bleeding or presence of iron deficiency anaemia after evaluation with a negative bidirectional endoscopy. OGIB accounts for 5% of gastrointestinal bleeding and presents a diagnostic challenge. Current modalities available for the investigation of OGIB include capsule endoscopy, balloon assisted enteroscopy, spiral enteroscopy and computed tomography enterography. These modalities overcome the limitations of previous techniques. Following a negative bidirectional endoscopy, capsule endoscopy and double balloon enteroscopy remain the cornerstone of investigation in OGIB given their high diagnostic yield. Longterm outcome data in patients with OGIB is limited, but is most promising for capsule endoscopy. This article reviews the current literature and provides an overview of the clinical evaluation of patients with OGIB, available diagnostic and therapeutic modalities and longterm clinical outcomes.

关键词： Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding Capsuleendoscopy Double balloon enteroscopy Outcomes Anaemia

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The wandering Earth

The wandering Earth

作者： Cixin liu translated by ken liu Elizabeth Hanlon Zac Haluza Adam Lamphier Holger Nahm.

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集成二维材料非线性光学特性研究进展

物理学报 2023年第17期72卷 104-120页

作者：刘宁刘肯朱志宏国防科技大学前沿交叉学科学院长沙410073 国防科技大学新型纳米光电信息材料与器件湖南省重点实验室长沙410073 国防科技大学南湖之光实验室长沙410073

全光信号处理中具有优异非线性光学特性的光子平台对于提升器件的集成度、调制速度以及工作带宽等性能参数至关重要.成熟的硅、氧化硅以及氮化硅光子平台由于材料本身中心对称,基于这些平台的集成光子器件可实现的非线性光学功能受限;... 详细信息

全光信号处理中具有优异非线性光学特性的光子平台对于提升器件的集成度、调制速度以及工作带宽等性能参数至关重要.成熟的硅、氧化硅以及氮化硅光子平台由于材料本身中心对称,基于这些平台的集成光子器件可实现的非线性光学功能受限;二维材料尽管有着优异的非线性光学特性,但只有原子层厚,其非线性潜能无法被充分利用.将二维材料与成熟的光子平台集成,在充分利用光子平台成熟加工工艺的基础上,可以显著提高光与二维材料的相互作用,提升光子平台的非线性光学性能.基于以上背景,本文总结了近年来在基于转移方法和直接生长法制备的多种异质集成二维材料光子器件中进行非线性光学特性研究的最新进展;阐述了相较于传统转移方法,基于直接生长方法进行集成二维材料非线性光学研究的优势以及未来需要解决的技术难点;指明了该领域未来的研究发展趋势;并指出直接在各种成熟的光子平台上生长二维材料进行集成非线性光学特性的研究会对未来光通信、信号处理、光传感以及量子技术等领域的发展产生深远影响.

关键词：硅/氮化硅光子平台二维材料光子集成非线性增强材料生长