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Two-dimensional materials for future information technology: status and prospects

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1-147页

作者： Hao QIU Zhihao YU Tiange ZHAO Qi ZHANG Mingsheng XU Peifeng LI Taotao LI Wenzhong BAO Yang CHAI Shula CHEN Yiqi CHEN Hui-Ming CHENG Daoxin DAI Zengfeng DI Zhuo DONG Xidong DUAN Yuhan FENG Yu FU Jingshu GUO Pengwen GUO Yue HAO jun HE Xiao HE Jingyi HU Weida HU Zehua HU Xinyue HUANG Ziyang HUANG Ali IMRAN Ziqiang KONG Jia LI Qian LI Weisheng LI Lei LIAO Bilu liu Can liu Chunsen liu Guanyu liu Kaihui liu Liwei liu Sheng liu Yuan liu Donglin LU Likuan MA Feng MIAO Zhenhua ni Jing niNG Anlian PAN Tian-Ling REN Haowen SHU Litao SUN Yue SUN Quanyang TAO Zi-Ao TIAN Dong WANG Hao WANG Haomin WANG Jialong WANG junyong WANG Wenhui WANG Xingjun WANG Yeliang WANG Yuwei WANG Zhenyu WANG Yao WE... School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University School of Integrated Circuits Interdisciplinary Research Center for Future Intelligent Chips (Chip-X)Nanjing University School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications State key laboratory of Infrared physics Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of physics and key Lab of Quantum Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education School of Electronic Science & EngineeringSoutheast University College of Integrated Circuits State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor MaterialsZhejiang University Suzhou laboratory State key laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems School of MicroelectronicsFudan University Shaoxin laboratory department of Applied physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University key laboratory for Micro-Nano physics and Technology of Hunan Province College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University College of Integrated Circuits Zhejiang University Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Layered Materials for Value-Added ApplicationsTsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials ResearchTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University State key laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZijingang CampusZhejiang University National key laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences CAS key laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & key laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications i-LabSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO)Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University key laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation (Ministry of Education) Department of PhysicsRenmin University of China School

Over the past 70 years, the semiconductor industry has undergone transformative changes,largely driven by the miniaturization of devices and the integration of innovative structures and materials. Two-dimensional(2D) materials like transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs) and graphene are pivotal in overcoming the limitations of silicon-based technologies, offering innovative approaches in transistor design and functionality, enabling atomic-thin channel transistors and monolithic 3D integration. We review the important progress in the application of 2D materials in future information technology, focusing in particular on microelectronics and optoelectronics. We comprehensively summarize the key advancements across material production, characterization metrology, electronic devices, optoelectronic devices, and heterogeneous integration on silicon. A strategic roadmap and key challenges for the transition of 2D materials from basic research to industrial development are outlined. To facilitate such a transition, key technologies and tools dedicated to 2D materials must be developed to meet industrial standards, and the employment of AI in material growth, characterizations, and circuit design will be essential. It is time for academia to actively engage with industry to drive the next 10 years of 2D material research.

关键词： two-dimensional (2D) materials information technology production technology standardization of characterization microelectronicdevices optoelectronic devices multi-functional integration

Study of tree shrew biology and models: A booming and prosperous field for biomedical research

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 877-909页

作者： Yong-Gang Yao Li Lu Rong-jun ni Rui Bi Ceshi Chen Jia-Qi Chen Eberhard Fuchs Marina Gorbatyuk Hao Lei Hongli Li Chunyu liu Long-Bao Lv Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara Michinori Kohara Claudia Perez-Cruz Gregor Rainer Bao-Ci Shan Fang Shen An-Zhou Tang Jing Wang Wei Xia Xueshan Xia Ling Xu Dandan Yu Feng Zhang Ping Zheng Yong-Tang Zheng Jumin Zhou Jiang-ning Zhou key laboratory of Genetic Evolution and Animal Models Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease MechanismsKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China National Research Facility for Phenotypic&Genetic Analysis of Model Animals(Primate Facility) and National Resource Center for Non-Human PrimatesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650107China KIZ-CUHK Joint laboratory of Bioresources and molecular Research in Common Diseases Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China Mental Health Center and Psychiatric laboratory West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders ChengduSichuan 610044China German Primate Center Leibniz Institute of Primate ResearchGöttingen 37077Germany department of Optometry and Vision Science School of OptometryUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA State key laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and atomic and molecular physics Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430071China Wuhan National laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074China Soong Ching Ling Institute of Maternity and Child Health International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200030China Transboundary Animal Diseases Center Joint Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKagoshima UniversityKagoshima-cityKagoshima 890-8580Japan department of Microbiology and Cell Biology Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyo 156-8506Japan Pharmacology department CinvestavMexico City 07360Mexico department of Medicine University of FribourgFribourg CH-1700Switzerland beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiog

The tree shrew(Tupaia belangeri)has long been proposed as a suitable alternative to non-human primates(NHPs)in biomedical and laboratory research due to its close evolutionary relationship with *** recent years,significant advances have facilitated tree shrew studies,including the determination of the tree shrew genome,genetic manipulation using spermatogonial stem cells,viral vector-mediated gene delivery,and mapping of the tree shrew brain ***,the limited availability of tree shrews globally remains a substantial challenge in the ***,determining the key questions best answered using tree shrews constitutes another *** shrew models have historically been used to study hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection,myopia,and psychosocial stress-induced depression,with more recent studies focusing on developing animal models for infectious and neurodegenerative *** these efforts,the impact of tree shrew models has not yet matched that of rodent or NHP models in biomedical *** review summarizes the prominent advancements in tree shrew research and reflects on the key biological questions addressed using this *** emphasize that intensive dedication and robust international collaboration are essential for achieving breakthroughs in tree shrew *** use of tree shrews as a unique resource is expected to gain considerable attention with the application of advanced techniques and the development of viable animal models,meeting the increasing demands of life science and biomedical research.

关键词： Tree shrew Animal model Neurodegenerative diseases Infectious diseases Neuroscience Phenome

Wavelength Dependence of atomic Excitation for Ar Subject to Intense Midinfrared Laser Pulses

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Chinese physics Letters 2023年第10期40卷 44-48页

作者：刘阳妮许松坡朱穆峰肖峥嵘余少刚华林强赖炫扬全威杨文星柳晓军 School of physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434022China State key laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and atomic and molecular physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology Wuhan 430206China

We report experimental and theoretical investigations of wavelength dependence of Rydberg state excitation(RSE)process of Ar subject to intense laser *** simultaneously measuring ionization and RSE yields of Ar atoms subject to strong laser fields at a series of wavelengths,we obtain the wavelength scaling law of the ratio of Ar^(*)over Ar^(+)with respect to the laser intensity,and this result can be well reproduced by a nonadiabatic model,but not by the classical-trajectory Monte Carlo *** results indicate that the nonadiabatic corrections of the photoelectron tunneling exit and tunneling probability play a significant role at shorter *** shows that the wavelength dependence phenomenon is due to the interplay of the nonadiabatic effect,wave-packet diffusion and Coulomb focusing effect of the liberated electron.

关键词： tunneling effect correction

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固体表面填隙H的诱导电矩对催化的重要贡献

分子催化 2021年第5期35卷 415-427,I0001,I0002页

作者：尤峻汉丁文江邹建新刘当波高海翔李新昊上海交通大学物理与天文学院天文系上海200240 上海交通大学上海粒子物理和宇宙学重点实验室上海200240 上海交通大学致远学院上海200240 上海交通大学氢科学中心上海200240 上海交通大学化学系上海200240

我们在近期发表的工作中曾经指出,固体表面对填隙氢常施加泡利排斥作用,造成H原子性质的改变,增加其化学活性.简称为‘填隙H的泡利激活’.我们撰写此文目的是进一步定量地确认这一激活的真实性.着重说明,泡利激活产生填隙H的诱导电矩,... 详细信息

我们在近期发表的工作中曾经指出,固体表面对填隙氢常施加泡利排斥作用,造成H原子性质的改变,增加其化学活性.简称为‘填隙H的泡利激活’.我们撰写此文目的是进一步定量地确认这一激活的真实性.着重说明,泡利激活产生填隙H的诱导电矩,它对催化起到关键作用.我们首先以简单双原子分子为例详细说明,形成分子共价键必须满足两个前提条件,即两原子密接时,必须满足‘基态能量趋同’和‘宇称匹配’(两个原子波固有的空间反演对称性相互适配)的要求.进而论证,泡利激活的表面填隙H充分满足这两个条件,原因是填隙H的诱导电矩对外来参与成键的原子(分子)的空间取向和能量具有显著的调制作用.经过严格论证,正是这种双重调制作用,使两个原子在碰撞时刻的基态能量必然趋同,同时达到宇称匹配.我们还强调,固体表面孔穴的尺寸必须和填隙H原子半径相匹配,才能保证泡利激活机制的成功运作.由此提供了对指定的化学反应如何选择催化剂的明确标准,这在应用中具有参考价值.我们将此泡利激活机制应用于一个实际而简单的化学反应,对以镍(ni)为多相催化剂合成二氢化镁(MgH_(2))做出计算和定量分析.具体说明在这一反应中选择有效催化剂的办法.形象地演示了正是泡利激活填隙H电矩的双重调制作用促成了共价键Mg-H的形成,从而在理论上确认了泡利激活催化机制的合理性.最后提出一些预期的结论,期待得到实验的检验.

关键词：多相催化机制泡利激活表面/表面下的填隙H 诱导电矩氢化反应

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依据不同波段光谱诊断闪电回击通道温度

物理学报 2022年第10期71卷 446-450页

作者：刘国荣朱维君褚润通王伟袁萍安婷婷万瑞斌孙对兄马云云郭志艳兰州理工大学理学院物理系兰州730050 西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院甘肃省原子分子物理与功能材料重点实验室兰州730070 兰州城市学院电子与信息工程学院兰州730070

利用高速无狭缝光栅摄谱仪捕获到的一次闪电光谱资料,结合等离子体光谱理论,选用不同波段的光谱信息估算了闪电回击通道温度.结果表明:用不同波段的谱线组—单电离氮原子(niI)、中性氧原子(OI)和中性氮原子(ni),基于玻尔兹曼图法估算的... 详细信息

利用高速无狭缝光栅摄谱仪捕获到的一次闪电光谱资料,结合等离子体光谱理论,选用不同波段的光谱信息估算了闪电回击通道温度.结果表明:用不同波段的谱线组—单电离氮原子(niI)、中性氧原子(OI)和中性氮原子(ni),基于玻尔兹曼图法估算的闪电回击通道平均温度分别为43270 K,17660 K和17730 K;同时用niI和ni两个谱线组,基于萨哈-玻尔兹曼图法估算得到的闪电回击通道平均温度为24770 K.依据闪电通道电晕鞘模型和光谱辐射理论推断,单独选用niI谱线组获得的温度应该是闪电回击通道核心的温度,单独选用ni或OI谱线组获得的温度应该是围绕在闪电回击通道核心周围电晕鞘的温度;同时选用niI和ni谱线组,获得的温度应该是在曝光时间内整个通道截面(包括通道核心和电晕鞘)的平均温度.

关键词：光谱诊断闪电回击通道温度玻尔兹曼图法萨哈-玻尔兹曼图法