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Basal defense is enhanced in a wheat cultivar resistant to Fusarium head blight

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1238-1258页

作者： Xinlong Gao Fan Li yikun Sun Jiaqi Jiang Xiaolin Tian Qingwen Li Kaili Duan Jie Lin Huiquan liu Qinhu Wang State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Fusarium head blight(FHB),mainly caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum,is one of the most destructive wheat diseases.Besides directly affecting the yield,the mycotoxin residing in the kernel greatly threatens the health of humans and livestock.Xinong 979(XN979)is a widely cultivated wheat elite with high yield and FHB resistance.However,its resistance mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we studied the expression of genes involved in plant defense in XN979 by comparative transcriptomics.We found that the FHB resistance in XN979 consists of two lines of defense.The first line of defense,which is constitutive,is knitted via the enhanced basal expression of lignin and jasmonic acid(JA)biosynthesis genes.The second line of defense,which is induced upon F.graminearum infection,is contributed by the limited suppression of photosynthesis and the struggle of biotic stress-responding genes.Meanwhile,the effective defense in XN979 leads to an inhibition of fungal gene expression,especially in the early infection stage.The formation of the FHB resistance in XN979 may coincide with the breeding strategies,such as selecting high grain yield and lodging resistance traits.This study will facilitate our understanding of wheat-F.graminearum interaction and is insightful for breeding FHB-resistant wheat.

关键词： Fusarium head blight Xinong 979 lignin jasmonic acid photosynthesis Fusarium graminearum

Recent advances and challenges of nitrogen/nitrate electro catalytic reduction to ammonia synthesis

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第2期18卷 128-140页

作者： Junwen CAO yikun HU Yun ZHENG Wenqiang ZHANG Bo YU Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology(INET) Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Chemical Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Institute of New Energy Materials and Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

The Haber-Bosch process is the most widely used synthetic ammonia technology at present.Since its invention,it has provided an important guarantee for global food security.However,the traditional Haber-Bosch ammonia synthesis process consumes a lot of energy and causes serious environmental pollution.Under the serious pressure of energy and environment,a green,clean,and sustainable ammonia synthesis route is urgently needed.Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia is a green and mild new method for preparing ammonia,which can directly convert nitrogen or nitrate into ammonia using electricity driven by solar,wind,or water energy,without greenhouse gas and toxic gas emissions.Herein,the basic mechanism of the nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)to ammonia and nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)^(-))to ammonia were discussed.The representative approaches and major technologies,such as lithium mediated electrolysis and solid oxide electrolysis cell(SOEC)electrolysis for NRR,high activity catalyst and advanced electrochemical device fabrication for(NO_(3)^(-))RR and electrochemical ammonia synthesis were summarized.Based on the above discussion and analysis,the main challenges and development directions for electrochemical ammonia synthesis were further proposed.

关键词： electrochemical ammonia synthesis nitrogen nitrate nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)to ammonia nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)^(-))RR

A Comprehensive Review on Mechanisms and Applications of Rare-Earth Based Perovskite Nanocrystals

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第9期42卷 1032-1056页

作者： Xiaoshan Zhang yikun Wang Xiang Wu Feilong Wang Qiongrong Ou Shuyu Zhang Academy for Engineering and Technology Institute of Future LightingFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Information Science and Technology Institute for Electric Light SourcesFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Rare earth(RE)ions,with abundant 4f energy level and unique electronic arrangement,are considered as substitutes for Pb^(2+)in perovskite nanocrystals(PNCs),allowing for partial or complete replacement of lead and minimizing environmental impact.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the characteristics of RE-doped PNCs,including up-conversion luminescence,down-conversion luminescence,and quantum confinement effects,etc.Additionally,RE doping has been found to effectively suppress defect formation,reduce nonradiative recombination,enhance photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),and even allow for controlling over the morphology of the nanocrystals.The review also highlights the recent advancements in lead-free RE-based perovskites,especially in the case of Eu-based perovskites(CsEuBr_(3) and CsEuCl_(3)).Furthermore,it briefly introduces the applications of PNCs in various fields,such as perovskite solar cells(PSCs),luminescent solar concentrators(LSCs),photodetectors(PDs),and light-emitting diodes(LEDs).A systematic discussion on the luminescence mechanisms of RE-doped PNCs and lead-free RE-based perovskites is provided,along with an outlook on future research directions.The ultimate goal of this review is to provide guidance for the development of RE-based perovskite optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Perovskite nanocrystals Rare earth Lead-free perovskite lon doping Rare earth-based perovskite nanocrystals

Decoupling Algorithms for the Gravitational Wave Spacecraft

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 325-337页

作者： XueWang Weizhou Zhu Zhao Cui Xingguang Qian Jinke Yang Jianjun Jia yikun Wang Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200083China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Key Laboratory of GravitationalWave Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou310024China

The gravitational wave spacecraft is a complex multi-input multi-output dynamic system.The gravitational wave detection mission requires the spacecraft to achieve single spacecraft with two laser links and high-precision control.Establishing one spacecraftwith two laser links,compared to one spacecraft with a single laser link,requires an upgraded decoupling algorithmfor the link establishment.The decoupling algorithmwe designed reassigns the degrees of freedomand forces in the control loop to ensure sufficient degrees of freedomfor optical axis control.In addressing the distinct dynamic characteristics of different degrees of freedom,a transfer function compensation method is used in the decoupling process to further minimize motion coupling.The open-loop frequency response of the systemis obtained through simulation.The upgraded decoupling algorithms effectively reduce the open-loop frequency response by 30 dB.The transfer function compensation method efficiently suppresses the coupling of low-frequency noise.

关键词： Gravitational waves spacecraft laser acquisition decoupling algorithms dynamical model optical axis control

Near-infrared double-cable conjugated polymers based on alkyl linkers with tunable length for single-component organic solar cells

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 452-456页

作者： yikun Wang Qiaomei Chen Shijie Liang Dongdong Xia Chaowei Zhao Christopher R.McNeill Weiwei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering&State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Institute of Applied Chemistry Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330096China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityWellington RoadClaytonVictoria 3800Australia

The photovoltaic properties of double-cable conjugated polymers are significantly influenced by the length of the alkyl linkers that connect donor backbones and acceptor side units. In this study, a series of 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile(IC)-based double-cable polymers with alkyl linkers ranging from C_8H_(16)to C_(16)H_(32)(Px, x = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16) were synthesized for single-component organic solar cells(SCOSCs). Among these, the linker length x = 12(P12) is found to optimize the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) in SCOSCs. Specifically, PCEs increase from P8 to P12 and then decline from P12to P16. Detailed investigations of optical absorption, charge transport, and morphology provide insights into the underlying factors contributing to these PCE variations. The findings indicate that the exceptional photovoltaic properties observed in P12 can be attributed to three key factors: A delicate balance between enhanced charge separation facilitated by the increased spacer length and reduced crystallinity resulting from longer spacers, higher charge mobilities, and well-balanced hole/electron transport characteristics. This study highlights the critical role of linker length in determining the photovoltaic properties of double-cable conjugated polymer-based SCOSCs and offers valuable guidance for the design of novel double-cable conjugated polymers.

关键词： Single-component organic solar cells Double-cable conjugated polymers Photovoltaic properties Alkyl linkers

Four-dimensional direct detection receiver enabling Jones-space field recovery with phase and polarization diversity

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 399-410页

作者： QI WU YIXIAO ZHU XUEYANG LI HEXUN JIANG CHEN CHENG MENGFAN FU yikun ZHANG QUNBI ZHUGE ZHAOHUI LI WEISHENG HU Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Electronics and Information Technology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Data centers,the engines of the global Internet,rely on powerful high-speed optical interconnects.In optical fiber communication,classic direct detection captures only the intensity of the optical field,while the coherent detection counterpart utilizes both phase and polarization diversities at the expense of requiring a narrow-linewidth and high-stability local oscillator(LO).Herein,we propose and demonstrate a four-dimensional Jones-space optical field recovery(4-D JSFR)scheme without an LO.The polarization-diverse full-field receiver structure captures information encoded in the intensity and phase of both polarizations,which can be subsequently extracted digitally.To our knowledge,our proposed receiver achieves the highest electrical spectral efficiency among existing direct detection systems and potentially provides similar electrical spectral efficiency as standard intradyne coherent detection systems.The fully recovered optical field extends the transmission distance beyond the limitations imposed by fiber chromatic dispersion.Moreover,the LO-free advantage makes 4-D JSFR suitable for photonic integration,offering a spectrally efficient and cost-effective solution for massively parallel data center interconnects.Our results may contribute to the ongoing developments in the theory of optical field recovery and the potential design considerations for future high-speed optical transceivers.

关键词： polarization receiver phase

数字环境下公共数据的内涵、边界与划分原则分析

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中国图书馆学报 2024年第2期50卷 100-114页

作者：夏义堃南京大学数据管理创新研究中心

厘清数字环境下公共数据的内涵、边界是推进公共数据开放共享的必要前提。基于多学科视角的概念解析、比较研究与归纳推演，本文揭示了数字环境下公共数据内涵、边界问题的表征、成因，并从责任边界、运行边界、价值边界三个维度搭建分... 详细信息

厘清数字环境下公共数据的内涵、边界是推进公共数据开放共享的必要前提。基于多学科视角的概念解析、比较研究与归纳推演，本文揭示了数字环境下公共数据内涵、边界问题的表征、成因，并从责任边界、运行边界、价值边界三个维度搭建分析框架。研究发现，当前公共数据内涵认知与边界划分的不确定性反映出数据治理理念、秩序、能力等诸多方面的现实问题，理解公共数据问题的关键应把握其数据属性与公共属性两大主线。同时，概念理解的相对性、数据主张的兼容性、责任主体的多元性与价值认知的主观性直接影响公共数据边界的划分。因此，数字环境下公共数据边界划分的不确定性是对以往简单的、固化的数据边界的扬弃，应进一步理清公共数据与个人数据、企业数据、开放数据等不同类型数据之间的区别与联系，进而明确其边界判断应秉持公共性原则、基于可信生态原则、弥补市场失灵原则与保持适度张力原则。图4。表2。参考文献38。

关键词：公共数据数据内涵数据边界公共数据治理数字环境

The mechanism of hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement to enhance oil recovery in low and medium permeability reservoirs

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2022年第4期49卷 864-873页

作者： liu yikun WANG Fengjiao WANG Yumei LI Binhui ZHANG Dong YANG Guang ZHI Jiqiang SUN Shuo WANG Xu DENG Qingjun XU He Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery of Education Ministry Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing 163318China Postdoctoral Res Ctr Daqing Oilfield Company LimitedDaqing 163453China Downhole Services Company of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited Daqing 163453China Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited Daqing 163712China The NO.1 Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited Daqing 163712China

Aiming at the technology of hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement which combines hydraulic fracturing,seepage and oil displacement,an experimental system of energy storage and flowback in fracturing assisted oil displacement process has been developed and used to simulate the mechanism of percolation,energy storage,oil displacement and flowback of chemical agents in the whole process.The research shows that in hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement,the chemical agent could be directly pushed to the deeper area of the low and medium permeability reservoirs,avoiding the viscosity loss and adhesion retention of chemical agents near the pay zone;in addition,this technology could effectively enlarge the swept volume,improve the oil displacement efficiency,replenish formation energy,gather and exploit the scattered residual oil.For the reservoir with higher permeability,this measure takes effect fast,so to lower cost,and the high pressure hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement could be adopted directly.For the reservoir with lower permeability which is difficult to absorb water,hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement with surfactant should be adopted to reduce flow resistance of the reservoir and improve the water absorption capacity and development effect of the reservoir.The degree of formation energy deficit was the main factor affecting the effective swept range of chemical agents.Moreover,the larger the formation energy deficit was,the further the seepage distance of chemical agents was,accordingly,the larger the effective swept volume was,and the greater the increase of oil recovery was.Formation energy enhancement was the most important contribution to enhanced oil recovery(EOR),which was the key to EOR by the technology of hydraulic fracturing assisted oil displacement.

关键词： hydraulic fracturing chemical flooding formation energy enhancement remaining oil distribution oil displacement mechanism enhancing oil recovery

基于数据空间的产业数据流通利用:逻辑框架与技术实现

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图书与情报 2024年第2期 33-44页

作者：刘博文夏义堃南京大学数据管理创新研究中心江苏苏州215163

在大力推动数据要素市场建设与智改数转的战略背景下,产业数据的流通利用仍面临动态供给不足、安全可信度不高、互操作性不强等多方面问题,而数据空间模式在制度设计、技术工具等方面的创新突破具备解决此类问题的适配优势。文章以破解... 详细信息

在大力推动数据要素市场建设与智改数转的战略背景下,产业数据的流通利用仍面临动态供给不足、安全可信度不高、互操作性不强等多方面问题,而数据空间模式在制度设计、技术工具等方面的创新突破具备解决此类问题的适配优势。文章以破解产业数据流通利用困境为导向,通过建构数据链、创新链、产业链协同联动的基本思路,基于数据空间的结构化框架设计与技术解决方案实现了三链互动的逻辑框架;通过聚焦数据、主体、环境等重点目标,从流程化视角出发对整体技术架构进行解构设计,规划其中的主要功能模块,并从支撑技术体系运行的核心组件切入,建构以数据流通利用功能为核心的功能性技术工具,呈现了该架构中关键技术的基本原理和前沿趋势。

关键词：数据空间产业数据数据流通数据利用数据要素