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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第3期38卷 467-482页

作者： SHEN Zhong-xiang WANG Wen-qing XU Cheng-yue LUO Jia-xin liu ren-wei School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China College of Harbor Coastal and Offshore EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

In this study,a common-node DEM-SPH coupling model based on the shared node method is proposed,and a fluid–structure coupling method using the common-node discrete element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(DS-SPH)method is developed using LS-DYNA software.The DEM and SPH are established on the same node to create common-node DEM-SPH particles,allowing for fluid–structure interactions.Numerical simulations of various scenarios,including water entry of a rigid sphere,dam-break propagation over wet beds,impact on an ice plate floating on water and ice accumulation on offshore structures,are conducted.The interaction between DS particles and SPH fluid and the crack generation mechanism and expansion characteristics of the ice plate under the interaction of structure and fluid are also studied.The results are compared with available data to verify the proposed coupling method.Notably,the simulation results demonstrated that controlling the cutoff pressure of internal SPH particles could effectively control particle splashing during ice crushing failure.

关键词： common-node DEM-SPH fluid-structure interaction discrete element method smoothed particle hydrodynamics

Sludge composition and characteristics shaped microbial community and further determined process performance: A study on full-scale thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion processes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 96-107页

作者： wei liu Chenxiang Sun wei Li Tianle Li Zhan Chen Jiawei Wang Zhengran ren Xianghua Wen School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Jinneng Holding Group DatongShanxi 037000China Research and Development Center Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100124China Beijing Dabeinong Science and Technology Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China

Anaerobic digestion (AD) with thermal hydrolysis (TH) pretreatment is a promising process for excess sludge treatment,while there lacks of the knowledge from full-scale process about the impact of sludge composition and characteristics on microbial community and performance.The sludge physiochemical indices,microbial community and performance data of four full-scale TH-AD plants were characterized,and their relationships was elucidated.The four plants were operated under almost similar total organic loading rate (OLR)but their methanogenesis performance differentiate into two groups,namely superior group(SupG) and the inferior group (Inf G).In both groups,TH effectively solubilized particulate organic compounds,meanwhile raised the ammonia nitrogen (NH_(4)^(+)-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration.Compared with the Sup G,thermal hydrolyzed sludge of Inf G had higher level of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and total chemical oxygen demand (t COD),which showed higher inhibition effect on microbes,leading to a community with lower diversity,lower abundance of carbohydrate degrading functional guild,higher protein degrading one,and methanogens that adapted to limited substrates,and further declined the methane production rate.Thus,it was recommended that OLR alone was not sufficient for controlling the system in design and operation,the concentration of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and t COD should be equally considered.Their higher concentration,together with the higher abundance of Defluviitoga and Proteiniphilum were recommended as indicators for inferior running condition.Our results proposed that microbial communities played a role of bridge between environmental factors and performance,provided implications for engineering ecology and operational regulation for full-scale sludge TH-AD process.

关键词： Thermal hydrolysis Anaerobic digestion Microbial community Full-scale

A highly sensitive fluorescent HClO probe for discrimination between cancerous and normal cells/tissues

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 417-420页

作者： Linfang Wang Jing liu Minghao ren wei Guo Department of Chemistry Changzhi UniversityChangzhi 046011China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Elevated level of hypochlorous acid(HClO)is closely associated with cancer development.Identifying HClO level in cancer cells would provide important evidence in either early-stage cancer diagnostics or monitoring of its treatment efficiency.In this work,a new pyronine-based fluorescent probe for rapid and sensitive detection of HClO was developed by condensing meso-formyl pyronine(PyCHO)with 2-hydrazinopyridine to form meso-pyridylhydrazone-functionalized pyronine PyHP,PyHP is nonfluorescent due to the excited-state C=N isomerization nonradiative decay,whereas the HClO-triggered formation of meso-triazolopyridyl pyronine PyTP abolishes the C=N isomerization and thus greatly enhances the fluorescence.With the probe,the cancer cells/tumor were distinguished with high-contrast from normal ones by laser confocal fluorescence imaging,and the tumor-to-normal(T/N)ratios obtained exceed the clinically acceptable threshold of 2.0.Moreover,its capability of in vivo imaging tumor was also demonstrated.These results indicate the potential of PyHP as an effective tool in the early clinical diagnosis of cancers.

关键词： Meso-pyridylhydrazone-functionalized pyronine Meso-substituents Tumor-to-normal(T/N)ratios Fluorescent probes Hypochlorous acid

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid assessment facilitates precision medicine for lung cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第3期21卷 230-251页

作者： Hantao Zhang Dan Deng Shujun Li Jing ren wei Huang Dan liu weiya Wang Department of Pathology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China West China Biobank West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China

Lung cancer is the most common and fatal malignant disease worldwide and has the highest mortality rate among tumor-related causes of death.Early diagnosis and precision medicine can significantly improve the survival rate and prognosis of lung cancer patients.At present,the clinical diagnosis of lung cancer is challenging due to a lack of effective non-invasive detection methods and biomarkers,and treatment is primarily hindered by drug resistance and high tumor heterogeneity.Liquid biopsy is a method for detecting circulating biomarkers in the blood and other body fluids containing genetic information from primary tumor tissues.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)is a potential liquid biopsy medium that is rich in a variety of bioactive substances and cell components.BALF contains information on the key characteristics of tumors,including the tumor subtype,gene mutation type,and tumor environment,thus BALF may be used as a diagnostic supplement to lung biopsy.In this review,the current research on BALF in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of lung cancer is summarized.The advantages and disadvantages of different components of BALF,including cells,cell-free DNA,extracellular vesicles,and micro RNA are introduced.In particular,the great potential of extracellular vesicles in precision diagnosis and detection of drug-resistant for lung cancer is highlighted.In addition,the performance of liquid biopsies with different body fluid sources in lung cancer detection are compared to facilitate more selective studies involving BALF,thereby promoting the application of BALF for precision medicine in lung cancer patients in the future.

关键词： Lung cancer bronchoalveolar lavage fluid extracellular vesicles liquid biopsy precision medicine

C1QTNF5 is a novel attachment factor that facilitates the entry of influenza A virus

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 277-289页

作者： Lei Yu Xinjin liu Xiaoqin wei Junrui ren Xueyun Wang Shuwen Wu Ke Lan State Key Laboratory of Virology Medical Research InstituteCollege of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

Influenza A virus(IAV)binds sialic acid receptors on the cell surface to enter the host cells,which is the key step in initiating infection,transmission and pathogenesis.Understanding the factors that contribute to the highly efficient entry of IAV into human cells will help elucidate the mechanism of viral entry and pathogenicity,and provide new targets for intervention.In the present study,we reported a novel membrane protein,C1QTNF5,which binds to the hemagglutinin protein of IAV and promotes IAV infection in vitro and in vivo.We found that the HA1 region of IAV hemagglutinin is critical for the interaction with C1QTNF5 protein,and C1QTNF5 interacts with hemagglutinin mainly through its N-terminus(1–103 aa).In addition,we further demonstrated that overexpression of C1QTNF5 promotes IAV entry,while blocking the interaction between C1QTNF5 and IAV hemagglutinin greatly inhibits viral entry.However,C1QTNF5 does not function as a receptor to mediate IAV infection in sialic acid-deficient CHO-Lec2 cells,but promotes IAV to attach to these cells,suggesting that C1QTNF5 is an important attachment factor for IAV.This work reveals C1QTNF5 as a novel IAV attachment factor and provides a new perspective for antiviral strategies.

关键词： C1QTNF5 Influenza A virus Viral entry Hemagglutinin Attachment factor

Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocytes promote intestinal injury in severe acute pancreatitis by mediating enteric pyroptosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 300-309页

作者： Qing Huang Jia-Wen liu Hai-Bin Dong Zheng-Jie wei Jin-Zhe liu Yu-Tang ren Xuan Jiang Bo Jiang Department of Gastroenterology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China

Background:Visceral adipose tissue(VAT)has been linked to the severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)prognosis,although the underlying mechanism remains unclear.It has been reported that pyroptosis worsens SAP.The present study aimed to verify whether mesenteric adipose tissue(MAT,a component of VAT)can cause secondary intestinal injury through the pyroptotic pathway.Methods:Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were divided into six different groups.Twelve rats were randomly divided into the SAP and control groups.We monitored the changes of MAT and B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT of SAP rats.Twelve SAP rats were injected with MAT B lymphocytes or phosphate buffer solution(PBS).The remaining twelve SAP rats were first injected with MAT B lymphocytes,and then with MCC950(NLRP3 inhibitor)or PBS.We collected blood and tissue samples from pancreas,gut and MAT for analysis.Results:Compared to the control rats,the SAP group showed inflammation in MAT,including higher expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6),lower expression of IL-10,and histological changes.Flow cytometry analysis revealed B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT but not T lymphocytes and macrophages.The SAP rats also exhibited intestinal injury,characterized by lower expression of zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occludin,higher levels of lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase,and pathological changes.The expression of NLRP3 and n-GSDMD,which are responsible for pyroptosis,was increased in the intestine of SAP rats.The injection of MAT B lymphocytes into SAP rats exacerbated the inflammation in MAT.The upregulation of pyroptosis reduced tight junction in the intestine,which contributed to the SAP progression,including higher inflammatory indicators and worse histological changes.The administration of MCC950 to SAP+MAT B rats downregulated pyroptosis,which subsequently improved the intestinal barrier and ameliorated inflammatory response of SAP.Conclusions:In SAP,MAT B lymphocytes aggravated local inflammation,and promoted the injury to the int

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocyte Intestinal barrier Pyroptosis

Ethanol extract of Cyathulae Radix inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone loss

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 212-223页

作者： SHI Liying ren liuyi LI Jinping liu Xin LU Jingjing JIA Lujuan XIE Baoping TANG Siyuan liu wei ZHANG Jie Department of Pharmachemistry Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China Hunan Key laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Ministry of EducationGannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000China Xiangya Nursing School Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China

Cyathulae Radix,a traditional Chinese medicine and a common vegetable,boasts a history spanning millennia.It enhances bone density,boosts metabolism,and effectively alleviates osteoporosis-induced pain.Despite its historical use,the molecular mechanisms behind Cyathulae Radix’s impact on osteoporosis remain unexplored.In this study,we investigated the effects and mechanisms of Cyathulae Radix ethanol extract(CEE)in inhibiting osteoporosis and osteoclastogenesis.Eight-week-old female mice underwent ovariectomy and were treated with CEE for eight weeks.Micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)assessed histomorphometric parameters,bone tissue staining observed distal femur histomorphology,and three-point bending tests evaluated tibia mechanical properties.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)measured serum estradiol(E2),receptor activator for nuclear factor B ligand(RANKL),and osteoprotegerin(OPG)levels.Osteoclastogenesis-related markers were analyzed via Western blotting(WB)and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Additionally,CEE effects on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption were investigated in vitro using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)staining,qRT-PCR,and WB assay.Compared with the ovariectomy(OVX)group,CEE treatment enhanced trabecular bone density,maximal load-bearing capacity,and various histomorphometric parameters.Serum E2 and OPG levels significantly increased,while Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB(RANK)decreased in the CEE group.CEE downregulated matrix metallopeptidase 9(MMP-9),Cathepsin K(CTSK),and TRAP gene and protein expression.In bone marrow macrophages(BMMs),CEE reduced mature osteoclasts,bone resorption pit areas,and MMP-9,CTSK,and TRAP expression during osteoclast differentiation.Compared with DMSO treatment,CEE markedly inhibited RANK,TNF receptor associated factor 6(TRAF6),Proto-oncogene c-Fos(c-Fos),Nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1(NFATc1)expressions,and Extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK),c-Jun N-terminal kinase

关键词： Osteoporosis Osteoclast BMMs Cyathulae Radix RANKL ER/RANK/NFATc1 signaling pathway

Optimization of fertilizer performances in long-term garlic cropping soils

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 577-589页

作者： Tianqi wei Hongmei ZHOU Huayang HONG Yanyun ren Qin liu Yanhua SU Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences NanjingNanjing 211135(China) Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jining 272100(China) College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037(China)

Continuous cropping is a common pattern of modern agriculture that takes regional advantages for crop yield profits.Along the progress of mono-cropping continuously supported by intensive fertilizer inputs,such a cropping pattern often undergoes serious problems with low fertilizer use efficiencies and unsustainable crop production.In this study,we dealt with a>25-year continuous garlic cropping system as an example for a problem-solving investigation.These garlic cropping soils underwent problems characterized by loss of soil organic matter,dramatic retention of NH_(4)^(+)-N,and excess accumulation of phosphate and potash chemicals.Through hydroponic simulations,we revealed that the presence of NH_(4)^(+)-N inhibited the root uptake of NO_(3)^(-)-N and K by 68% and 88%,respectively.Despite the traditionally emphasized importance of K,we observed the negative effect of high K on the growth of garlic roots.Further field experiments demonstrated that P and K applications can be reduced by 60% and 50%,respectively,without loss of yield.We thus developed a high-performance fertilization strategy by integrating a recomposed NPK fertilizer formulation to reduce unnecessary P and K inputs,a supplementary application of long-lasting C of woody peat to compensate for the soil C loss,and a foliar K approach to strengthen the stomatal function improvement with K.This strategy allowed a 15% increase of garlic yield and a seasonal soil C profit of ca.1.8 Mg ha^(-1)even at ca.30% lower fertilizer cost.This study would be helpful in managing garlic fertilization and developing compound fertilizers,with broader significance for other long-term cropping soils.

关键词： fertilization strategy fertilizer input field validation hydroponic simulation optimized fertilization soil nutrient balance yield profit

Can soil organic carbon sequestration and the carbon management index be improved by changing the film mulching methods in the semiarid region?

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1541-1556页

作者： Jialin Yang Liangqi ren Nanhai Zhang Enke liu Shikun Sun Xiaolong ren Zhikuan Jia Ting wei Peng Zhang College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AfairsNorthwest A&FUniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Plastic film mulching has been widely used to increase maize yield in the semiarid area of China.However, whether long-term plastic film mulching is conducive to agricultural sustainability in this region remains controversial.A field experiment was initiated in 2013 with five different film mulching methods:(i) control method, flat planting without mulching (CK),(ii) flat planting with half film mulching (P),(iii) film mulching on ridges and planting in narrow furrows(S),(iv) full film mulching on double ridges (D), and (v) film mulching on ridges and planting in wide furrows (R).The effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, storage, and fractions, and on the carbon management index (CMI)were evaluated after nine consecutive years of plastic film mulching.The results showed that long-term plastic film mulching generally maintained the initial SOC level.Compared with no mulching, plastic film mulching increased the average crop yield, biomass yield, and root biomass by 48.38, 35.06, and 37.32%, respectively, which led to the improvement of SOC sequestration.Specifically, plastic film mulching significantly improved CMI, and increased the SOC content by 13.59%, SOC storage by 7.47%and easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC) by 13.78%on average,but it reduced the other labile fractions.SOC sequestration and CMI were improved by refining the plastic film mulching methods.The S treatment had the best effect among the four mulching methods, so it can be used as a reasonable film mulching method for sustainable agricultural development in the semiarid area.

关键词： plastic film mulching soil organic carbon labile organic carbon fractions semiarid area

Identifying the effective combination of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicinal herbs for postmenopausal osteoporosis therapy through studies of their molecular regulation of bone homeostasis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期44卷 212-219页

作者： ren Ping WANG Quanwu BAI wei SUN Miao liu Zheling GAO Ming WANG Liang PENG Bo XU Liguang Department of Health Management the Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun 130117China Department of Dirty Tuina the affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun 130117China Department of Acupuncture the affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun 130117China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine the 924th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support ForceFoshan 528226China Department of College of Acupuncture and Massage Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun 130117China

Worldwide,as the population age,osteoporosis is becoming increasingly common,and osteoporotic fractures have a significant economic burden.Postmenopausal women are the most susceptible to developing osteoporosis and the most critical time to prevent it is during the perimenopausal and early menopausal years.In this regard,we hypothesize rational combination of acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)in the form of herbal extract could prevent osteoporosis in women.Estrogen deficiency during menopause causes low-level inflammation that stimulates the formation of osteoclasts,the boneresorbing cells,and simultaneously inhibits the viability and function of osteoblasts,the bone-forming cells.The most potent inflammatory cytokine in skeletal homeostasis is the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL)that stimulates osteoclast function.Conversely,the canonical Wnt pathway is essential for osteoblastogenesis and bone formation,and estrogen deficiency leads to diminished functioning of this pathway.TCM and acupuncture could target the RANKL and the Wnt pathway in favorable ways to prevent the accelerated bone loss experienced during the early menopausal stage and promote the gain in bone mass in postmenopausal women.In this review,we propose a rational combination of specific TCM and acupuncture targeting those signaling molecules/pathways by the drugs that are in clinical use for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.Our rational approach revealed that Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae)could exert a synergistic effect with acupuncture.We then propose a translational path for developing the putative combination in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis to curtail the risk of osteoporotic fractures.

关键词： medicine traditional osteogenic anti-resorptive review