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Monitoring the concentration of N_2O in the Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica

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chinese science Bulletin 2000年第21期45卷 2000-2004页

作者： SUN Liguang, XIE Zhouqing, ZHAO Junlin, XING Guangxi, shi Shulian & Du Lijuaninstitute of Polar Environment, University of science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China institute of Environmental science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, institute of soil science, chinese academy of sciences, nanjing 2 10008, China institute of Polar Environment University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China institute of Environmental science Beijing Normal University Beijing China Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

Gases in the marine boundary layer in Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica were sampled and analyzed for the first time. Sampling sites included areas covered by moss and lichen growth, penguin colonies and an area where scientific research stations are located. A total of 211 samples were analyzed for N2O concentrations, with an average of (321.33±3.07) nL/L. This is above the global average value of 314 nL/L. It is found that the N2O concentrations evidently increase during the summer months. Concentrations around the research stations are higher than at remote areas, indicating a potential source from human activities on the island. N2O concentrations at a large penguin colony on Barton Peninsula are the highest among the sampled areas. This may explain why N2O concentrations in Fildes Peninsula are higher than the global average. Our preliminary conclusions are that human activities and emissions from penguin dropping-amended soil and vegetation soil constitute the major sources of N2O in the

关键词： Antarctica Fildes Peninsula N2O soil penguin dropping.

Litter quality and decomposer complexity co-drive effect of drought on decomposition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 329-338页

作者： Shumei wang Junwei Luan Siyu Li Jinhao Ma lin Chen Yi wang shirong Liu Sanya Research Base International Centre for Bamboo and RattanSanya572022China institute of Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationInternational Centre for Bamboo and RattanBeijing100102China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing100091China Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryPingxiang532600China institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu610041China

Litter decomposition is key to ecosystem carbon(C)and nutrient cycling,but this process is anticipated to weaken due to projected more extensive and prolonged *** how litter quality and decomposer community complexity regulate decomposition in response to drought is less ***,in a five-year manipulative drought experiment in a Masson pine forest,leaf litter from four subtropical tree species(Quercus griffthii Hook.f.&Thomson ex Miq.,Acacia mangium Willd.,Pinus massoniana Lamb.,Castanopsis hystrix Miq.)representing different qualities was decomposed for 350 d in litterbags of three different mesh sizes(i.e.,0.05,1,and 5 mm),respectively,under natural conditions and a 50%throughfall rain exclusion *** of increasing mesh sizes discriminate decomposer communities(i.e.,microorganisms,microorganisms and mesofauna,microorganisms and meso-and macrofauna)that access the litter and represent an increasing *** amount of litter C and nitrogen(N)loss,and changes in their ratio(C/N_(loss)),as well as small and medium-sized decomposers including microorganisms,nematodes,and arthropods,were *** found that drought did not affect C and N loss but decreased C/N_(loss)(i.e.,decomposer N use efficiency)of leaf litter irrespective of litter quality and decomposer ***,changes in the C/N_(loss)and the drought effect on C loss were both dependent on litter quality,while drought and decomposer complexity interactively affected litter C and N *** decomposer community complexity enhanced litter decomposition and allowing additional access of meso-and macro-fauna to litterbags mitigated the negative drought effect on the microbial-driven ***,both the increased diversity and altered trophic structure of nematode due to drought contributed to the mitigation effects via cascading *** results show that litter quality and soil decomposer community complexity co-drive the effect of

关键词： Arthropod Drought Decomposer community Nutrient cycling Nematode

Bioprinting of inorganic-biomaterial/neural-stem-cell constructs for multiple tissue regeneration and functional recovery

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National science Review 2024年第4期11卷 228-244页

作者： Hongjian Zhang Chen Qin Zhe shi Jianmin Xue Jianxin Hao Jinzhou Huang lin Du Hongxu Lu Chengtie Wu State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Tissue regeneration is a complicated process that relies on the coordinated effort of the nervous, vascular and immune systems. While the nervous system plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration, current tissue engineering approaches mainly focus on restoring the function of injury-related cells, neglecting the guidance provided by nerves. This has led to unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. Herein, we propose a new generation of engineered neural constructs from the perspective of neural induction, which offers a versatile platform for promoting multiple tissue regeneration. Specifically, neural constructs consist of inorganic biomaterials and neural stem cells(NSCs), where the inorganic biomaterials endows NSCs with enhanced biological activities including proliferation and neural differentiation. Through animal experiments, we show the effectiveness of neural constructs in repairing central nervous system injuries with function recovery. More importantly, neural constructs also stimulate osteogenesis, angiogenesis and neuromuscular junction formation, thus promoting the regeneration of bone and skeletal muscle, exhibiting its versatile therapeutic performance. These findings suggest that the inorganic-biomaterial/NSC-based neural platform represents a promising avenue for inducing the regeneration and function recovery of varying tissues and organs.

关键词： 3D bioprinting neural stem cells inorganic biomaterials neural constructs multiple tissue regeneration

Heavy Metal Transfer from soil to Vegetable in Southern Jiangsu Province, China

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Pedosphere 2009年第3期19卷 305-311页

作者： HAO Xiu-Zhen ZHOU Dong-Mei HUANG De-Qian CANG Long ZHANG Hai-lin wang Hui State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008 （China） Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 （China） Department of Plant and soil sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater Ok 74078 （USA）

Vegetable fields in peri-urban areas receive large amounts of extraneous heavy metals because of rapid urbanization and industrialization in China. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Pb in 30 soil samples and 32 vegetable samples, collected from 30 different sites in southern Jiangsu Province of China, were measured and their transfer from soil to vegetable was determined. The results showed that the soil samples had wide ranges of pH （4.25-7.85） and electrical conductivity （EC）（0.24-3.42 dS m^-1）. Among the soil samples, there were four soil samples containing higher Cu and two soil samples containing higher Zn concentrations than those specified in the chinese soil Environmental Quality Standard II. However, no vegetable sample was found to contain a high level of Cu or Zn. In contrast, one vegetable sample contained 0.243 mg Pb kg^-1 FW, which was above the chinese Food Hygiene Standard, whereas the corresponding soil Pb concentration was lower than the chinese soil Environmental Quality Standard II. The transfer coefficients of Cu of all vegetable samples exceeded the suggested coefficient range, implying that extraneous Cu had high mobility and bioavallability to vegetables. There was no significant correlation between extractable soil heavy metal concentrations with four kinds of extractants and soil pH, EC, heavy metal concentrations in vegetables and soils, except that soil pH correlated well with the extractable soil Cu, Zn, and Pb concentrations with 1.0 mol L-1 NH4NO3. Moreover, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid （DTPA） extraction method was a more efficient method of extracting heavy metals from the soils independent of soil pH and EC than other three methods used.

关键词： heavy metal soil transfer coefficients vegetable

Using GIS Spatial Distribution to Predict soil Organic Carbon in Subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2004年第4期14卷 425-431页

作者： CHENGXian-Fu shiXue-Zheng YUDong-Sheng PANXian-Zhang wangHong-Jie SUNWei-Xia StateKeyLaboratoryofsoilandSustainableAgriculture InstituteofSoilScienceChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008（China）. Departmentofgeography AnhuiNormalUniversityWuhu241000（China）

Spatial distribution of organic carbon in soils is difficult to estimatebecause of inherent spatial variability and insufficient data. A soil-landscape model for a region,based on 151 samples for parent material and topographic factors, was established using a GISspatial analysis technique and a digital elevation model (DEM) to reveal spatial distributioncharacteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC). Correlations between organic carbon and topographicfactors were analyzed and a regression model was established to predict SOC content. Results forsurface soils (0-20 cm) showed that the average SOC content was 12.8 g kg^(-1), with the SOC contentbetween 6 and 12 g kg^(-1) occupying the largest area and SOC over 24 g kg^(-1) the smallest. Also,soils derived from phyllite were the highest in the SOC content and area, while soils developed onpurple shale the lowest. Although parent material, elevation, and slope exposure were allsignificant topographic variables (P < 0.01), slope exposure had the highest correlation to SOCcontent (r = 0.66). Using a multiple regression model (R^2 = 0.611) and DEM (with a 30 m X 30 mgrid), spatial distribution of SOC could be forecasted.

关键词： digital elevation model parent material regression model soil organiccarbon topography

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土壤微生物在促进植物生长方面的作用

土壤 2003年第1期35卷 18-21页

作者：吴建峰林先贵中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008

土壤微生物与植物的根系形成一个稳定的动态系统,在这个系统中它们之间相互作用,相互影响。植物的根系为土壤微生物提供养分,土壤微生物反过来也促进了植物根系的发育,从而促进了植物的生长,从而促进了植物的生长。本文就土壤微生物生... 详细信息

土壤微生物与植物的根系形成一个稳定的动态系统,在这个系统中它们之间相互作用,相互影响。植物的根系为土壤微生物提供养分,土壤微生物反过来也促进了植物根系的发育,从而促进了植物的生长,从而促进了植物的生长。本文就土壤微生物生长特性,从7个方面阐述了土壤微生物对植物的促进作用。

关键词：土壤微生物植物促生长作用根系抗逆性腐殖酸

X-ray excited Mn^(2+)-doped persistent luminescence materials with biological window emission for in vivo bioimaging

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 28-35,I0001页

作者： Hanrun Zheng lin Liu Yi’ang Li Rui Rong Liang Song Junpeng shi Jing Teng Xia Sun Yun Zhang State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou350002China University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing100049China Xiamen Hospital of Traditional chinese Medicine Xiamen361015China Fujian science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou350108China

In recent years,persistent luminescence materials(PLMs)excited by X-rays and emitting in biological windows have received extensive attention in the field of high-sensitivity *** metal Mn^(2+)is an ideal emission center,but few studies focus on Mn^(2+)-doped PLMs with X-ray excitation and biological window ***,we report a Mn^(2+)-doped PLM,LiYGeO_(4):Mn^(2+)(LYGM),with excellent biological window persistent luminescence *** excitation by UV,LYGM produces a durable biological window of persistent luminescence emission at 660 nm for up to 20 *** *** can be repeatedly excited by X-rays,resulting in long-term biological window persistent luminescence *** addition,we obtain LYGM around 200 nm in diameter by ball milling and centrifugation and improve its biocompatibility by surface modification to apply it to in vivo imaging in *** LYGM are injected into mice through the tail vein,in situ excitation of X-rays can be *** the persistent luminescence decays,LYGM can be re-excited for repeated ***,LYGM shows potential prospects for in vivo deep tissue and long-term bioimaging.

关键词： Persistent luminescence X-ray Biological window In vivo imaging Rare earths

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation Enhances Suppression of Cucumber Fusarium Wilt in Greenhouse soils

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Pedosphere 2010年第5期20卷 586-593页

作者： HU Jun-Li lin Xian-Gui wang Jun-Hua SHEN Wei-Shou WU Shu PENG Su-Ping MAO Ting-Ting State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China)

A pot experiment was conducted to study the plant growth and fruit yields of cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） on a greenhouse soil with or without inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMFs） and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp, cucumerinum under unsterilized conditions. Two AMF inocula were tested： only one AMF strain Glomus caledonium 90036 and an AMF consortium mainly consisting of Glornus spp. and Acaulospora spp. There were four treatments including no inoculation （control）, inoculation with F. oxysporum but without mycorrhizae （FO）, inoculation with F. oxysporum and G. caledonium （FO＋M1）, and inoculation with F. oxysporum and the AMF consortium （FO＋M2）. Cucumber plants were harvested at weeks 3 and 9 after transplanting. Compared with the control, the FO treatment without AMF inoculation had less biomass both at weeks 3 and 9 （P 〈 0.05） and had higher incidence of Fusarium wilt and produced no cucumber fruit at week 9. Both FO＋M1 and FO＋M2 treatments had higher mycorrhizal colonization than the treatments which received no AMF inoculation at week 3 （P 〈 0.05）, but only the FO＋M2 treatment elevated plant biomass, decreased the incidence of Fusarium wilt, and improved cucumber yields to the same level as the control at week 9. The results indicated that the AMF consortium could suppress Fusarium wilt of cucumber and, therefore, showed potential as a biological control agent in greenhouse agroecosystems.

关键词： AMF consortia Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum soil-borne disease wilt plant death

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce ammonia emissions under different land-use types in agro-pastoral areas

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 497-507页

作者： Huaisong wang Rui GUO Yibo TIAN Nan CUI Xinxin wang Lei wang Zhongbao YANG Shuying LI Jixun GUO Lianxuan shi Tao ZHANG institute of Grassland science Northeast Normal UniversityKey Laboratory of Vegetation EcologyMinistry of EducationJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationChangchun 130024China institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Dryland AgricultureMinistry of AgricultureBeijing 100081China Mountainous Area Research institute of Hebei Province Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China College of Agronomy Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Aohan Banner Chifeng 024005China

Ammonia(NH3)emissions,the most important nitrogen(N)loss form,always induce a series of environmental problems such as increased frequency of regional haze pollution,accelerated N deposition,and N *** mycorrhizal(AM)fungi play key roles in N ***,it is still unclear whether AM fungi can alleviate N losses by reducing *** potential mechanisms by which AM fungi reduce NH_(3)emissions in five land-use types(grazed grassland,mowed grassland,fenced grassland,artificial alfalfa grassland,and cropland)were explored in this *** showed that AM fungal inoculation significantly reduced NH3emissions,and the mycorrhizal responses of NH3emissions were determined by land-use *** equation modeling(SEM)showed that AM fungi and land-use type directly affected NH_(3)*** addition,the reduction in NH_(3)emissions was largely driven by the decline in soil NH_(4)^(+)-N and pH and the increases in abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)amoA and bacteria(AOB)amoB genes,urease activity,and plant N uptake induced by AM fungal inoculation and land-use *** present results highlight that reducing the negative influence of agricultural intensification caused by land-use type changes on AM fungi should be considered to reduce N losses in agriculture and grassland ecosystems.

关键词： agricultural intensification grassland management functional genes plant N uptake N leaching N loss