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Effects of organic fertilizers produced using different techniques on rice grain yield and ammonia volatilization in double-cropping rice fields

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 110-120页

作者： Mingcheng HU Andrew JWADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU xiangui lin Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technologyand School of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG65DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Ammonia(NH_(3)) volatilization from rice fields contributes to poor air quality and indicates low nitrogen use efficiency. Although organic fertilizers can meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth, the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on NH_(3) volatilization and rice yield in paddy fields are poorly understood and quantified. To address this gap in our knowledge, experimental field plots were established in a conventional double-cropping paddy field in the Pearl River Delta region, southern China. Five fertilizer treatments were used besides the control with no fertilizer: fresh organic fertilizer, successively composted organic fertilizer, chemically composted organic fertilizer, mixture of chemically composted organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer. Ammonia volatilization was measured using a batch-type airflow enclosure method. No significant differences in grain yield were observed among organic and chemical fertilizer treatments. However, compared with chemical fertilizer, chemically composted organic fertilizer and successively composted organic fertilizer significantly decreased total NH_(3) volatilization by 70% and 68%, respectively. The ammonium-nitrogen concentration in field surface water correlated strongly(P < 0.01) and positively with NH_(3) volatilization across fertilization treatments. Our findings demonstrate that chemically composted organic fertilizer can sustain rice yield while reducing NH_(3) volatilization. An important future step is to promote these field measurements to similar rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional-and national-scale impact on air quality and nitrogen deposition in sensitive areas, and to design and implement better fertilizer management practices.

关键词： air quality crop production manure NH_(3)emission nitrogen use efficiency

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Effects of different organic fertilizers on nitrous oxide and methane emissions from double-cropping rice fields

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 52-62页

作者： Mingcheng HU Andrew J.WADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU xiangui lin Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG66 DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Rice fields are a major source of greenhouse gases,such as nitrous oxide (N_(2)O) and methane (CH_(4)).Organic fertilizers may potentially replace inorganic fertilizers to meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth;however,the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O and CH_(4)emissions and crop yield in paddy fields remain poorly understood and quantified.In this study,experimental plots were established in conventional double-cropping paddy fields in the Pearl River Delta,China,including an unfertilized control and five fertilizer treatments with fresh organic fertilizer (FOF),successively composted organic fertilizer (SOF),chemically composted organic fertilizer (COF),COF supplemented with inorganic fertilizer (COIF),and chemical fertilizers (CFs)(TFOF,TSOF,TCOF,TCOIF,and TCF,respectively).Paddy field soils behaved simultaneously as an N_(2)O sink (cumulative N_(2)O emission:-196 to-381 g N ha^(-1)) and as a CH_(4)source (cumulative CH_(4)emission:719 to 2 178 kg ha^(-1)).Compared to CFs,the effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O emission were not significant.In contrast,total annual CH_(4)emission increased by 157%,132%,125%,and 37%in TFOF,TCOF,TSOF,and TCOIF,respectively,compared to TCF.In TCOIF,rice yield was maintained,while CH_(4)emission was not significantly increased from the paddy fields characterized by a prolonged flood period.An important next step is to extend these field-based measurements to larger rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional and national-scale impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and to help determine the optimum practice for fertilizer use.

关键词： crop production global warming potential greenhouse gases manure paddy sustainable agriculture

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Screening of Streptomyces strains helping arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis against pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)Phytophthora blight

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 438-446页

作者： Xin WANG Yifan LIU Baiping HE Minghui LI xiangui lin Fuyong WU Junli HU State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Mycorrhiza helper bacteria(MHB)can promote the formation and functioning of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)symbiosis,but their role and application potential in coping with soil-borne diseases are still unclear.A 14-week greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to obtain several actinomycete strains helping AM symbiosis in suppressing the Phytophthora blight of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.),using a soil inoculated with Phytophthora capsici after sterilization.Five Streptomyces strains,including S.pseudogriseolus,S.albogriseolus,S.griseoaurantiacus,S.tricolor,and S.tendae,as well as the AM fungus(Funneliformis caledonium)were tested.The Phytophthora blight severity reached 66%at full productive stage in the uninoculated control,and inoculation of F.caledonium,S.griseoaurantiacus,and S.tricolor alone significantly decreased(P<0.05)it to 47%,40%,and 35%,respectively.Compared to F.caledonium alone,additional inoculation of S.tricolor or S.tendae,which were isolated from the rhizosphere of a healthy individual in an infected field,significantly elevated(P<0.05)root mycorrhizal colonization,root biomass,fruit yield,and total K acquisitions of pepper and further significantly decreased(P<0.05)blight severity.According to the feature of enhancing disease-suppression by AM symbiosis,both S.tricolor and S.tendae were confirmed as MHB strains here.Specifically,S.tendae had a stronger performance in directly accelerating mycorrhization,while S.tricolor was also an antagonist to the pathogenic P.capsici.Furthermore,S.griseoaurantiacus with the independent disease-suppression function was not an MHB strain here.The redundancy analyses demonstrated that when AM fungus was present,root mycorrhizal colonization replaced soil pH becoming the main factor affecting pepper Phytophthora blight.Thus,S.tricolor and S.tendae seemed to have the value of preparation and application in the future to help AM symbiosis against pepper Phytophthora blight.

关键词： actinomycete strain blight severity Funneliformis caledonium mycorrhiza helper bacteria Phytophthora capsici root mycorrhizal colonization soil-bornedisease

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Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on arsenic accumulation by tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第9期21卷 1214-1220页

作者： HUA Jianfeng lin xiangui YIN Rui JIANG Qian SHAO Yufang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China. Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210014 China Soil and Environment Analysis Center Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Bioengineering College of lnner Mongolia Agricultural University Huhhot 010019 China

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi （from contaminated or uncontaminated soils） on arsenic （As） uptake of tobacco （Nicotiana tabacurn L.） in As-contaminated soil. Mycorrhizal colonization rate, dry weight, As and P uptake by plants, concentrations of water-extractable As and As fractions were determined. A low mycorrhizal colonization rate （〈 25%） was detected. Our research indicated that AM fungi isolated from polluted soils were no more effective than those from unpolluted soils when grown in symbiosis with tobacco. No significant differences were observed in roots and stalks dry weights among all treatments. Leaves and total plant dry weights were much higher in Glomus versiforme treatment than that in control treatment. As contents in roots and stalks from mycorrhizal treatments were much lower than that from control treatment. Total plant As content exhibited the same trend. P concentrations in tobacco were not affected by colonization, nor were stalks, leaves and total plant P contents. Roots P contents were remarkably lower in HN treatments than in other treatments. Meanwhile, decreased soil pH and lower water-extractable As concentrations and higher levels of As fraction bound to well-crystallized hydrous oxides of Fe and AI were found in mycorrhizal treatments than in controls. The protective effect of mycorrhiza against plant As uptake may be associated with changes in As solubility mediated by changing soil pH. These results indicated that under As stress, proper mechanisms employed by AM fungi can protect tobacco against As uptake. Results confirmed that AM fungi can play an important role in food quality and safety.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi arsenic tobacco soil pH

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Effect of Rhizobacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris Inoculation on Stevia rebaudiana Plant Growth and Soil Microbial Community

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Pedosphere 2018年第5期28卷 793-803页

作者： XU Jiangbing FENG Youzhi WANG Yanling lin xiangui International Center for Ecology Meteorologyand Environment (IceMe)School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

There is an increasing concern that the continuous use of chemical fertilizers might lead to harmful effects on soil ecosystem.Accordingly, a biocompatible approach involving inoculation of beneficial microorganisms is presented to promote plant growth and simultaneously minimize the negative effect of chemical fertilizers. In this study, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium(PGPR), was inoculated into both fertilized and unfertilized soils to assess its influence on Stevia rebaudiana plant growth and microbial community in rhizosphere soils in a 122-d field experiment. Soil enzyme assays(dehydrogenase, urease, invertase, and phosphomonoesterase), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-_qPCR), and a high-throughput sequencing technique were employed to determine the microbial activity and characterize the bacterial community. Results showed that the R.palustris inoculation did not significantly influence Stevia yields and root biomass in either the fertilized or unfertilized soil. Chemical fertilization had strong negative effects on soil bacterial community properties, especially on dehydrogenase and urease activities.However, R. palustris inoculation counteracted the effect of chemical fertilizer on dehydrogenase and urease activities, and increased the abundances of some bacterial lineages(including Bacteroidia, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetacia, Myxococcales, and Legionellales). In contrast, inoculation into the unfertilized soil did not significantly change the soil enzyme activities or the soil bacterial community structure. For both the fertilized and unfertilized soils, R. palustris inoculation decreased the relative abundances of some bacterial lineages possessing photosynthetic ability, such as Cyanobacteria, Rhodobacter, Sphingomonadales, and Burkholderiales. Taken together, our observations stress the potential utilization of R. palustris as PGPR in agriculture, which might further ameliorate the soil microbial properties in the long run.

关键词：土壤微生物植物生长接种社区土壤细菌玷污土壤酶脱氢酶

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干旱扰动下长期不同施肥潮土微生物群落稳定性研究

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土壤学报 2024年第1期61卷 211-222页

作者：张周陈瑞蕊王晓婷俞冰倩林先贵冯有智土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049 江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心南京210095

土壤微生物群落稳定性是土壤健康的重要组成部分和评价指标,揭示长期不同施肥的农田土壤微生物群落稳定性有助于指导田间施肥管理,保障农田生态系统的土壤健康和可持续发展。依托中国科学院封丘农业生态实验站长期定位试验,通过对三种... 详细信息

土壤微生物群落稳定性是土壤健康的重要组成部分和评价指标,揭示长期不同施肥的农田土壤微生物群落稳定性有助于指导田间施肥管理,保障农田生态系统的土壤健康和可持续发展。依托中国科学院封丘农业生态实验站长期定位试验,通过对三种不同施肥处理的潮土进行干旱扰动和复水回复的培养试验,从多种微生物群落响应指标(脱氢酶活性、细菌群落alpha多样性、关键物种丰度、微生物群落结构和分子生态网络拓扑属性)分别量化和比较了不同施肥处理的微生物群落稳定性(抵抗力和回复力)。结果表明,与不施肥处理(CK)和平衡施用化肥处理(NPK)相比,有机无机肥配施处理(OM)能够显著增加微生物群落稳定性,表现在OM的微生物群落响应指标在干旱-复水过程中的变化最小,抵抗力与回复力均优于CK和NPK。复水后不同施肥处理的细菌群落alpha多样性、关键物种丰度和网络拓扑参数能够回复到初始水平,而群落结构和脱氢酶活性不能完全回复,说明细菌群落alpha多样性的回复快于群落结构和功能。表明有机无机肥配施能显著提高微生物群落稳定性,是保障农田生态系统土壤健康和可持续发展的优良管理措施。

关键词：微生物群落稳定性干旱扰动不同施肥处理潮土

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化肥减量配施紫色光养细菌对花生的增产作用和土壤细菌群落的影响

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应用与环境生物学报 2024年第2期30卷 262-270页

作者：彭双王一明华清清巫攀邱崇文林先贵江苏开放大学环境生态学院南京210017 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室南京210008

微生物肥料在现代农业生产中具有很大应用潜力,可在提高作物产量的同时减少化肥使用,从而创造环境友好型农业生产体系.通过田间长期试验对分离的一株紫色非硫细菌Rhodopseudomonas palustris ISP-1的5年花生增产效果进行研究,并探讨浇... 详细信息

微生物肥料在现代农业生产中具有很大应用潜力,可在提高作物产量的同时减少化肥使用,从而创造环境友好型农业生产体系.通过田间长期试验对分离的一株紫色非硫细菌Rhodopseudomonas palustris ISP-1的5年花生增产效果进行研究,并探讨浇灌菌液(R1)和叶面喷施(R2)两种追肥方式对花生产量、花生仁品质和土壤细菌群落的影响.经过5年的连续施用,R1和R2处理分别使花生产量平均增加12.5%和17.9%,追肥时喷施菌液在植株的叶面比直接浇灌在植株根部增产效果更好.R1和R2处理显著促进了花生植株的生长,提高了花生仁中的蛋白质含量.在施肥第5年花生收获期,R1和R2处理土壤中的残留养分与对照处理相比无显著差异.R2处理显著改善了土壤pH并增加了细菌生物多样性,但R1和R2处理对细菌的丰富度和群落结构均没有显著影响,仅Verrucomicrobia门细菌丰度显著增加.细菌基因功能预测分析发现R1和R2处理的土壤细菌群落中参与磷吸收和转运的基因总相对丰度显著降低,而无机磷溶解和有机磷矿化的基因分别增加了2.71%和3.20%.偏最小二乘路径建模(PLS-PM)分析表明,施用R.palustris ISP-1菌液对花生产量和花生仁养分含量有显著的直接影响,而施用菌液导致的土壤细菌多样性增加、部分细菌群落结构以及细菌磷代谢功能的变化对花生增产的作用相对较小.本研究表明施用R.palustris ISP-1可以促进花生植株生长,提高花生仁蛋白含量,并在长时序年的田间试验过程中维持较高的花生产量,展示了紫色光养细菌作为生物肥料的应用潜力.(图6表3参44)

关键词：化肥减量紫色光养细菌沼泽红假单胞菌土壤细菌群落花生产量

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The roles and performance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in intercropping systems

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Soil Ecology Letters 2022年第4期4卷 319-327页

作者： Minghui Li Junli Hu xiangui lin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Intercropping,which gains productivity and ecological benefits through plant facilitative interactions,is a practice often associated with sustainable agriculture.In such systems,arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi and the hyphal networks play key roles in plant facilitation by promoting connectivity,mediating interplant transfer of metabolic resources,and managing weeds,pathogens,and contaminants.This review states that the symmetrically or unsymmetrically delivered resources via AM fungi are imperative to maintain facilitative interactions between intercrops.In addition,the responses of AM fungi to intercropping are also discussed,including changes in abundance,diversity,community composition and colonization level.Although general proliferations in AM fungi via intercropping have been shown,the plant hosts and neighbors may exert different influences on AM fungi.Therefore,further research is needed in quantifying the mediating role of AM fungi on outputs of intercropping systems,clarifying the driving forces,and exploring the causation between these processes and the changes in AM fungi themselves.To conclude,the integration with AM fungi extends the understanding of key soil biological processes driving plant facilitation and will guide efforts to optimizing intercropping systems.

关键词： Agriculture sustainability Contaminant Mycorrhizal networks Pathogen Plant facilitation Weed

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Effect of organic wastes on the plant-microbe remediation for removal of aged PAHs in soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第8期24卷 1476-1482页

作者： Jing Zhang xiangui lin Weiwei Liu Yiming Wang Jun Zeng Hong Chen State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and Environment Institute of Soil Science and Hong Kong Baptist UniversityNanjing 210008China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

The effectiveness of in-situ bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） may be inhibited by low nutrients and organic carbon. To evaluate the effect of organic wastes on the PAHs removal efficiency of a plant-microbe remediation system, contaminated agricultural soils were amended with different dosages of sewage sludge （SS） and cattle manure （CM） in the presence of alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） and PAHs-degraders （Bacillus sp. and Flavobacterium sp.）. The results indicated that the alfalfa mean biomasses varied from 0.56 to 2.23 g/pot in root dry weight and from 1.80 to 4.88 g/pot in shoot dry weight. Low dose amendments, with rates of SS at 0.1% and CM at 1%, had prominent effects on plant growth and soil PAHs degradation. After 60-day incubation, compared with about 5.6% in the control, 25.8% PAHs removal was observed for treatments in the presence of alfalfa and PAHs-degraders; furthermore, when amended with different dosages of SS and CM, the removed PAHs from soils increased by 35.5%--44.9% and 25.5%-42.3%, respectively. In particular, the degradation of high-molecular-weight PAHs was up to 42.4%. Dehydrogenase activities （DH） ranged between 0.41 and 1.83 ~tg triphenylformazan/（g dry soil.hr） and the numbers of PAHs-degrading microbes （PDM） ranged from 1.14x106 to 16.6x106 most-probable-number/g dry soil. Further investigation of the underlying microbial mechanism revealed that both DH and PDM were stimulated by the addition of organic wastes and significantly correlated with the removal ratio of PAHs. In conclusion, the effect of organic waste application on soil PAHs removal to a great extent is dependent on the interactional effect of nutrients and dissolved organic matter in organic waste and soil microorganisms.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） soil contamination bioremediation organic wastes

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Chronosequencing methanogenic archaea in ancient Longji rice Terraces in China

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Science Bulletin 2017年第12期62卷 879-887页

作者： Youzhi Feng Jan Dolfing Zhiying Guo Jianwei Zhang Ganlin Zhang Shijie Li xiangui lin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NEt 7RUUK State Key Laboratory of Environmentul Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550002China State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Chronosequences of ancient rice terraces serve as an invaluable archive for reconstructions of historical human-environment interactions. Presently, however, these reconstructions are based on traditional soil physico-chemical properties. The microorganisms in palaeosols have been unexplored. We hypothesized that microbial information can be used as an additional proxy to complement and consolidate archaeological interpretations. To test this hypothesis, the palaeoenvironmental methanogenic archaeal DNA in Longji Terraces, one of the famous ancient terraces in China, dating back to the late Yuan Dynasty(CE1361–1406), was chronosequenced by high-throughput sequencing. It was found that the methanogenic archaeal abundance, diversity and community composition were closely associated with the 630 years of rice cultivation and in line with changes in multi-proxy data. Particularly, the centennial-and decadalscale influences of known historical events, including social turbulences(The Taiping Rebellion, CE1850–1865), palaeoclimate changes(the Little Ice Age) and recorded natural disasters(earthquakes and inundation), on ancient agricultural society were clearly echoed in the microbial archives as variations in alpha and beta diversity. This striking correlation suggests that the microorganisms archived in palaeosols can be quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed to provide an additional proxy, and palaeo-microbial information could be routinely incorporated in the toolkit for archaeological interpretation.

关键词：产甲烷梯田古菌中国土壤理化性质土壤微生物生物信息历史事件

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