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Crossover Iterated Local Search for SDCARP

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2014年第3期2卷 351-367页

作者： An-Yang Liang dan lin Department of Mathematics School of Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

This paper introduces a new algorithm based on local search for the capacitated arc routing problem(CARP)and the split-delivery capacitated arc routing problem(SDCARP).We present a intermediate model to transfer CARP to SDCARP and then solve the two problems by an algorithm which combines the iterated local search and the memetic *** use crossovers to perform fully reproducible initializations in each local search iteration and edge-marking to save computation *** computational results on 63 instances of standard benchmarks show that the proposed algorithm outperforms most of the existing best-known solutions obtained by other heuristics within a reasonable computing ***,compared with the CARP solutions,our algorithm finds three optimums for the SDCARP.

关键词： Capacitated arc routing problem Split-delivery Memetic algorithm Iterated local search

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Vibrational Spectroscopy of NH4[Co（NH3）5（H2O）][B4O5（OH）4]2·6H2O

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第3期29卷 468-472页

作者： lin, dan You, Xiaoyan Zhu, Lixia School of Science Xidian University Xi'an Shaanxi 710071 China

A novel hydrated cobalt tetraborate complex NH4[Co（NH3）5（H2O）] [B4O5（OH）4]2·6H2O, was synthesized by the reaction of NH4-borate aqueous with COC12 and its structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal system of this complex is orthorhombic, the space group is Pnma, and the unit cell parameters are a= 1.2901（2） nm, b= 1.6817（3） nm, c= 1.1368（2） nm, α=β=γ=90°, V=2.4742（8） nm3, and Z=4. This compound contains infinite borate layers constructed from [B4O5（OH）4]2 units via hydrogen bonds. The adjacent polyborate anion layers are further linked together with the octahedral [Co（NH3）5（H2O）]3＋ groups through hydrogen bonds to form 3D framework. The NH＋ groups and guest water molecules are deposited in the empty space of this framework and interact with the layers by extensive hydrogen bonds. Infrared and Raman spectra （4000--400 cm l） of NH4[Co（NH3）5（H20）][B4O5（OH）4]2·6H2O were recorded at room temperature and analyzed. Fundamental vibra- tional modes were identified and band assignments were made. The middle band observed at 575 cm^-1in Raman spectrum is the pulse vibration of [B4O5（OH）4]2-.

关键词： tetraborate crystal structure transition metal complex vibrational spectroscopy

A New Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Copper Pentaborate with Free Boric Acid Group

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第3期29卷 463-467页

作者： lin, dan You, Xiaoyan Zhu, Lixia School of Science Xidian University Xi'an Shaanxi 710071 China

The hydrothermal reaction of Cu（CH3COO）2·H2O, H3BO3, ethylenediamine and H2O in a molar ratio of 3 ： 20 ： 9 ： 222 at 140 ℃ for 5 d yields the deep blue crystals of a new copper polyborate [Cu（en）2B（OH）3], [B5O5（OH）7] （en=H2NCH2CH2NH2） in 70% yield. It crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group P21/c, with unit cell dimensions, a=1.2779（2） nm, b=1.0167（15） nm, c=1.5019（2） nm, β=90.30（2）°, Z=4. The crystal structure of this compound consists of [Cu（en）2B（OH）3]2＋ cation and [BsOs（OH）7]2- anion, which are linked together through hydrogen bonding interactions and electrostatic forces, forming an interesting three-dimensional framework. The [BsOs（OH）7]2- anion is constituted of [BaOs（OH）4]2- anion and discrete B（OH）3 group which attaches to the side of [B4O5（OH）4]2 through intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Fundamental vibrational modes of this compound were identified and band assignments were made. The middle bands observed at 882 and 575 cm J in Raman spectrum are the characteristic peak of B（OH）3 group and [B4O5（OH）4]2- anion, respectively. Additionally the thermal behavior of title compound was recorded and its decomposition mechanism was discussed.

关键词： copper borate hydrothermal synthesis crystal structure vibrational spectra thermal behavior

Changes of Vertical Groundwater Recharge with Increase in Thickness of Vadose Zone Simulated by One-Dimensional Variably Saturated Flow Model

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第6期25卷 1043-1050页

作者： Siyuan Huo Menggui Jin Xing Liang dan lin State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Zhejiang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resource

The thickness of vadose zone plays a critical role in vertical groundwater recharge. The decline of water table since the past decades due to long-term groundwater over-exploitation has resulted in deep vadose zone in North China Plain. One-dimensional variably saturated flow models were established by Hydrus-1D software and simulations were run under steady and continuous declining water table respectively to estimate the impact of increase in thickness of vadose zone on recharge process, quantity and recharge time. Luancheng area was selected to estimate recharge quantity considering steady and continuous declining water table. The simulation results show that the increase in thickness of vadose zone delays recharge process to water table. The recharge quantity decreases first and then remains stable with the decline of water table. Under the condition of declining water table, the evaluation of recharge by the flux at water table overestimates the recharge quantity. The average annual recharge rate of Luancheng area is 134 mm/a.

关键词： North China Plain declining water table vertical groundwater recharge numerical simulation Hydrus-1D

Analysis of influencing factors and interaction of body weight and disease outcome in patients with prediabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第10期14卷 1551-1561页

作者： Yan-Yan Li lin-Ping Tong Xian-dan Wu dan lin Yue lin Xiao-Yang lin Department of General Practice The First People’s Hospital of Wenling CityWenling 317500Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Oncology Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China Department of General Medicine The First People’s Hospital of Wenling CityWenling 317500Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The trend of prediabetes progressing to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is prominent,and effective intervention can lead to a return to *** the factors influencing the outcome of prediabetes is helpful to guide clinical *** weight change in patients with prediabetes has not attracted much *** To explore the interaction between body weight and the factors affecting the progression of prediabetes to *** We performed a retrospective analysis of 236 patients with prediabetes and 50 with normal glucose tolerance(NGT),and collected clinical data and follow-up results of all *** on natural blood glucose outcomes,we classified 66 patients with progression to T2DM into the disease progression(DP)group,and 170 patients without progression to T2DM into the disease outcome(DO)*** analyzed the factors that influenced prediabetes outcome and the influence of body weight on prediabetes blood glucose outcome by unconditional logistic regression.A general linear model(univariate)was used to analyze the interaction between body weight and independent influencing *** There were 98 cases of impaired fasting glucose(IFG),90 cases of impaired glucose tolerance(IGT),and 48 cases of coexistent IFG and *** body weight,waist circumference,body mass index,fasting blood glucose,and 2 h plasma glucose of patients with IFG,IGT,and coexistent IFG and IGT were higher than those in patients with NGT(Plin,and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance were independent factors affecting progression of prediabetes to T2DM(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve predicted by the above indicators combined was 0.905[95%confidence interval(CI):0.863-0.948],which was greater than that predicted by each indicator *** regression analysis with

关键词： Prediabetes Type 2 diabetes mellitus Body weight Disease outcome Influencing factors Interactions Lowcarbohydrate diet

Association of sleep quality with myopia based on different genetic risk levels

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第10期15卷 1657-1664页

作者： Juan He Yao-Yao lin Jie Chen Bing Sun Yan-Hui Wang dan-dan Jiang lin-Jie Liu Shu-dan lin Yan-Yan Chen School of Optometry and Ophthalmology Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina The Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina

AIM: To analyse the association of sleep quality with myopia under different genetic risk(GR) ***: A cross-sectional survey of students aged 9-14 y in Wenzhou, China, was conducted. Refraction without cycloplegia and ocular parameters were measured. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI). Seventeen single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were replicated by association analysis and used to compute the GR score(GRS). Possible confounders were assessed by a questionnaire that collected information about the children and their parents. Generalized linear models were used to analyse the sleep quality, the GR, and their interaction effects on the risk of ***: Out of 1354 children included in this study, 353(26.07%) had sleep disturbances. The GRS ranged from 4.49 to 12.89 with a mean of 7.74±1.23, and the participants were divided into a low GR group, a moderate GR group and a high GR group according to the GRS quartile. In the generalized linear model, the children with sleep disturbances and high GR had a higher risk of myopia than those without sleep disturbances and with low GR(OR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.12-2.25;OR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.23-2.88, respectively). Compared to those with low GR and SDs, children with high GR with or without SDs had a higher risk of myopia(OR=4.88, 95%CI: 2.03-11.71;OR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.06-2.72, respectively).CONCLUSION: The prevalence of sleep disturbances in elementary school students in Wenzhou was 26.07%. There is a significant interaction between sleep disturbances and a high GR of myopia, suggesting that a high GR of myopia may increase children’s sensitivity to sleep disturbances. This study indicates that children with a high GR of myopia need to achieve adequate sleep duration and excellent sleep quality.

关键词： sleep quality genetic risk score myopia children

Energy Balance-Based SWAT Model to Simulate the Mountain Snowmelt and Runoff——Taking the Application in Juntanghu Watershed(China) as an Example

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第2期12卷 368-381页

作者： MENG Xian-Yong YU dan-lin LIU Zhi-Hui School of Resources and Environment Science Xinjiang University Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Ministry of Education Xinjiang University Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth & Environmental Studies Montclair State University Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment Xinjiang University

In order to predict long-term flooding under extreme weather conditions in central Asia, an energy balance-based distributed snowmelt runoff model was developed and coupled with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) model. The model was tested at the Juntanghu watershed on the northern slope of the Tian Shan Mountains, Xinjiang,China. We compared the performances of temperature-index method and energy balanced method in SWAT model by taking Juntanghu river basin as an application example(as the simulation experiment was conducted in Juntanghu River, we call the energy balanced method as SWAT-JTH). The results suggest that the SWAT snowmelt model had overall Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE) coefficients ranging from 0.61 to 0.85 while the physical based approach had NSE coefficients ranging from 0.58 to0.69. Overall, on monthly scale, the SWAT model provides better results than that from the SWAT-JTH model. However, results generated from both methods seem to be fairly close at a daily scale. Thestructure of the temperature-index method is simple and produces reasonable simulation results if the parameters are well within empirical ranges. Although the data requirement for the energy balance method in current observation is difficult to meet and the existence of uncertainty is associated with the experimental approaches of physical processes, the SWAT-JTH model still produced a reasonably high NSE. We conclude that using temperature-index methods to simulate the snowmelt process is sufficient, but the energy balance-based model is still a good choice to simulate extreme weather conditions especially when the required data input for the model is acquired.

关键词： SWAT Snowmelt model The physical process Energy balance Temperature-index Water balance

Selective Synthesis of 2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene by Transalkylation in the Presence of Acid Ionic Liquids [C_nmim]Cl-AlCl_3

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2011年第6期27卷 1010-1013页

作者： WU Guang WU Wei XIAO lin-fei LIU dan Heilongjiang Province College Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-efficiency Conversion School of Chemistry and Material Sciences Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 P. R. China

A highly selective synthesis of 2,6-dimethylnaphthanlene（2,6-DMN） by transalkylation between 2-methylnaphthanlene（2-MN） and 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene（TeMB） was performed with 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazo- lium aluminum chloride（[Cnmim]Cl-AlCl3） ionic liquids（ILs） as catalysts. The influences of the alkyl group as the organic cation, the acidic strength of [C4mim]Cl-AlCl3 ILs as well as the reaction conditions on the catalytic performance were investigated. [C4mim]Cl-AlCl3 ILs[x（AlCl3）=71%] exhibited high activity and selectivity toward 2,6-DMN. The selectivity to 2,6-DMN and the 2,6-DMN/2,7-DMN ratio reached up to 68.2% and 3.7：1, respectively. The UV-Vis spectrum of TeMB treated by different ILs shows that the protonated degree of TeMB dependeds on the acidity strength of ILs, which has a significant impact on the reaction results. The high protonated degree of TeMB is advantageous to enhancing the conversion of transalkylation and the large stereo-hindrance effect of TeMB is favorable to improving the selecivity to 2,6-DMN.

关键词： Ionic liquid 2 6-Dimethylnaphthalene 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium aluminum chloride Transalkylation

Comparison Between the Effects of 2-Selenium Bridged β-Cyclodextrin and Ebselen on Treating SHRsp Stroke

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2008年第3期24卷 322-329页

作者： JIA Zhi-dan lin Feng LIU Lei MU Ying YAN Gang-lin LUO Gui-min Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun 130021 P R. China

A glutathione peroxidase（GPX） mimic, 2-selenium bridged β-cyclodextrin（2-SeCD）, was synthesized. In order to examine its role and mechanism in treating stroke we chose stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats（SHRsp） as animal model. 56 SHRsps of 8-week olds were randomly divided into several groups： test groups （low, moderate, high dose of 2-SeCD） and control groups（positive and negative）. After onset of the stroke, the rats in test groups were orally administrated with different amounts of 2-SeCD, the positive control group with ebselen, and the negative control group with drinking water. The treatment lasted two weeks, followed by observation of the rats for 10 days, meanwhile blood pressure, biochemical parameters of plasma, and the contents of nitric oxide（NO） and malondialdehyde（MDA） in plasma and brain were determined. The results show that there were significant differences in contents of NO and MDA in plasma and brain between the test groups（high, moderate dose of 2-SeCD） and negative control group. The NO contents of the test groups were obviously higher than that of the negative control group （P〈0.01）. The MDA contents of the test groups（high, moderate dose of 2-SeCD） were obviously lower than that of the negative control group（P〈0.01）. The mechanism of 2-SeCD in treating stroke was discussed, which maybe related to the increase of NO and the decrease of MDA in plasma and brain tissue, but the exact mechanism should be further studied. Moreover, the tendencies of changes in systolic blood pressure, contents of NO and MDA, and other physiological parameters for the test groups were shown to be much better than the corresponding parameters for the positive group（the group with ebselen）（P〈0.05）, indicating that the treatment effect of 2-SeCD is better than that of ebselen.

关键词： 2-Selenium bridged β-cyclodextrin Glutathione peroxidase Enzyme mimic Stroke Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat Nitric oxide Malondialdehyde