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Small extracellular vesicles derived from cerebral endothelial cells with elevated microRNA 27a promote ischemic stroke recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 224-233页

作者： Yi zhang Zhongwu liu Michael Chopp Michael Millman Yanfeng li Pasquale Cepparulo Amy Kemper Chao li li zhang Zheng Gang zhang Department of Neurology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Department of Physics Oakland UniversityRochesterMIUSA Department of Pathology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Division of Pharmacology Department of NeuroscienceReproductive and Dentistry SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of Naples“Federico Ⅱ”NaplesItaly

Axonal remodeling is a critical aspect of ischemic brain repair processes and contributes to spontaneous functional *** previous in vitro study demonstrated that exosomes/small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)isolated from cerebral endothelial cells(CEC-sEVs)of ischemic brain promote axonal growth of embryonic cortical neurons and that microRNA 27a(miR-27a)is an elevated miRNA in ischemic *** the present study,we investigated whether normal CEC-sEVs engineered to enrich their levels of miR-27a(27a-sEVs)further enhance axonal growth and improve neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke when compared with treatment with non-engineered CEC-sEVs.27a-sEVs were isolated from the conditioned medium of healthy mouse CECs transfected with a lentiviral miR-27a expression *** EVs isolated from CECs transfected with a scramble vector(Scra-sEVs)were used as a *** male mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and then were randomly treated with 27a-sEVs or *** array of behavior assays was used to measure neurological *** with treatment of ischemic stroke with Scra-sEVs,treatment with 27a-sEVs significantly augmented axons and spines in the peri-infarct zone and in the corticospinal tract of the spinal grey matter of the denervated side,and significantly improved neurological *** vitro studies demonstrated that CEC-sEVs carrying reduced miR-27a abolished 27a-sEV-augmented axonal *** analysis revealed that 27a-sEVs systemically administered preferentially localized to the pre-synaptic active zone,while quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot analysis showed elevated miR-27a,and reduced axonal inhibitory proteins Semaphorin 6A and Ras Homolog Family Member A in the peri-infarct *** of the Clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway substantially reduced neuronal internalization of *** data provide evidence that 27a-sEVs have

关键词： axonal remodeling cerebral endothelial cells exosomes miR-27a mitochondria Semaphorin 6A small extracellular vesicles stroke

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Isobaric enzymatic assays reveal depth-dependent variation in microbial ectoenzyme activities in the deepest ocean on Earth

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 185-194页

作者： Junwei CAO Jiahua WANG Hongge zhang Junhao DENG Binbin PAN Jiawang CHEN li zhang Jiasong FANG College of Oceanography and Ecological Science Shanghai Ocean University Ocean College Zhejiang University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

Microbial ectoenzymes play essential roles in the transformation and mineralization of organic matter in the ***, conventional methods for measuring microbial ectoenzyme activities(MEAs) in the deep ocean under atmospheric conditions can misrepresent the metabolic activities of indigenous microbial communities. To overcome this limitation, we measured the activities of three microbial ectoenzymes(aminopeptidase, α-glucosidase, and β-glucosidase) under both atmospheric and in situ pressure conditions in seawater collected using pressure-retaining and non-pressure-retaining samplers in the Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench. In the case of aminopeptidase and α-glucosidase, the highest isobaric MEAs were observed in the surface layer(50 m), followed by those at abyssopelagic depths(4,000–6,000 m) for aminopeptidase, hadal realm(10,903 m)for α-glucosidase, while β-glucosidase activity exhibited the highest value at 10,903 m. Furthermore, the isobaric MEAs in hadal waters were commonly found to be higher than the decompressed counterparts, highlighting the importance of pressure-retaining sampling and isobaric enzymatic assays. The half-saturation constant(Km) showed a general decreasing trend with depth,suggesting that the deep ocean microbes might have adapted to the high-pressure and oligotrophic environment by increasing their ectoenzyme's affinity to substrate. Furthermore, particle-free MEAs contribute more to the total MEAs in the deep ocean than particle-associated MEAs, suggesting the significance of cell-associated and dissolved ectoenzymes in ocean *** study provides a foundation for future investigations of MEAs in the ocean and has important implications for understanding the dynamics of microbially mediated biogeochemical cycling in marine ecosystems.

关键词： Pressure-retaining sampling Microbial ectoenzyme activity Deep-sea microbes High pressure Mariana Trench

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Exercise preconditioning alleviates ischemia-induced memory deficits by increasing circulating adiponectin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1445-1454页

作者： Meifeng Zheng Borui zhang Sonata S Y Yau Kwok-Fai So li zhang Haining Ou Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Exercise and Brain Science School of PsychologyShanghai University of SportShanghaiChina Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Cerebral ischemia is a major health risk that requires preventive approaches in addition to drug *** exercise enhances neurogenesis and synaptogenesis,and has been widely used for functional rehabilitation after *** this study,we determined whether exercise training before disease onset can alleviate the severity of cerebral *** also examined the role of exercise-induced circulating factors in these *** mice were subjected to 14 days of treadmill exercise training before surgery for middle cerebral artery *** found that this exercise pre-conditioning strategy effectively attenuated brain infarct area,inhibited gliogenesis,protected synaptic proteins,and improved novel object and spatial memory *** analysis showed that circulating adiponectin plays a critical role in these preventive effects of *** activation of adiponectin receptors by Adipo Ron mimicked the effects of exercise,while inhibiting receptor activation abolished the exercise *** summary,our results suggest a crucial role of circulating adiponectin in the effects of exercise pre-conditioning in protecting against cerebral ischemia and supporting the health benefits of exercise.

关键词： adiponectin cerebral ischemia exercise pre-conditioning hippocampus memory function middle cerebral artery occlusion prefrontal cortex synaptic proteins treadmill exercise

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Formation and evolution of supercritical geofluid

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 39-51页

作者： Huaiwei NI Yilin XIAO Xiaolin XIONG Xiandong liU Chunxiao GAO Yi-Xiang CHEN Yunguo li Wan-Cai li Xuan GUO Yang-Yang WANG Dong-Bo TAN li zhang State Key Laboratory of lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution University of Science and Technology of China Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University State Key Lab of Superhard Materials Jilin University

In this work, we provide a comprehensive review on the formation, evolution, properties, and effects of supercritical geofluid. In Earth's interior, enhanced miscibility between H2O and silicate by the addition of special components or by the increase of pressure and temperature gives rise to supercritical geofluid with a significant amount of both H2O and silicate *** formation of supercritical geofluid in magmatic-hydrothermal systems, typified by pegmatite system, is governed by meltfluid critical curve. The formation of supercritical geofluid in metamorphic systems, typified by subducted slab, is governed by the second critical end point. Experimental results suggest that the presence of boron and fluorine in pegmatite system makes it possible to form supercritical geofluid at crustal depths, but the release of supercritical geofluid from subducted slab is withheld until almost 100 km depth. A major presence of both H2O and depolymerized structural units（monomers, dimers, etc.） endows supercritical geofluid with unique physical properties including low density, low elastic moduli, low viscosity, high diffusivity,and high electrical conductivity. Supercritical geofluid can effectively mobilize a variety of elements even including high field strength elements and heavy rare earth elements. The chemical signatures of supercritical geofluid can be inherited by metasomatized mantle and mantle-derived melts, and this could give an explanation of the oxidation of arc magmas. Phase separation of supercritical geofluid through the mechanism of spinodal decomposition leads to formation of a melt network. Multiphase fluid inclusions recovered from subduction zone rocks and pegmatites are possible relics of supercritical geofluid. Supercritical geofluid can cause electrical anomaly and low seismic velocity near the top of subducted slab, and can be linked with intermediate-focus earthquakes. Supercritical geofluid may have played a crucial role in the formation of pe

关键词： Supercritical geofluid Miscibility Subduction zone Pegmatite

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The Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks improves outcomes of traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3233-3244页

作者： Xiaoling Zhong Wenjiao Tai Meng-Lu liu Shuaipeng Ma Tianjin Shen Yuhua Zou Chun-li zhang Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Peter O’Donnell Jr.Brain Institute University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases(MAP4Ks)signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in axonal regrowth and neuronal degeneration following *** targeting this pathway is beneficial to brain injury remains *** this study,we showed that adeno-associated virus-delivery of the Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks effectively reduces traumatic brain injury-induced reactive gliosis,tauopathy,lesion size,and behavioral *** inhibition of MAP4Ks replicated the ameliorative effects observed with expression of the Citron homology ***,the Citron homology domain acted as a dominant-negative mutant,impeding MAP4K-mediated phosphorylation of the dishevelled proteins and thereby controlling the Wnt/β-catenin *** findings implicate a therapeutic potential of targeting MAP4Ks to alleviate the detrimental effects of traumatic brain injury.

关键词： adeno-associated virus Citron homology Citron homology domain gene therapy mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases traumatic brain injury

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Deep learning-based software engineering: progress,challenges, and opportunities

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 57-144页

作者： Xiangping CHEN Xing HU Yuan HUANG He JIANG Weixing JI Yanjie JIANG Yanyan JIANG Bo liU Hui liU Xiaochen li Xiaoli liAN Guozhu MENG Xin PENG Hailong SUN lin SHI Bo WANG Chong WANG Jiayi WANG Tiantian WANG Jifeng XUAN Xin XIA Yibiao YANG Yixin YANG li zhang Yuming ZHOU Lu zhang School of Journalism and Communication Sun Yat-sen University School of Software Technology Zhejiang University School of Software Engineering Sun Yat-sen University School of Software Dalian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (Peking University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Computer Science Peking University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer Science Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Complex & Critical Software Environment (CCSE) School of Software Beihang University School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science Wuhan University Huawei Technologies

Researchers have recently achieved significant advances in deep learning techniques, which in turn has substantially advanced other research disciplines, such as natural language processing, image processing, speech recognition, and software engineering. Various deep learning techniques have been successfully employed to facilitate software engineering tasks, including code generation, software refactoring, and fault localization. Many studies have also been presented in top conferences and journals, demonstrating the applications of deep learning techniques in resolving various software engineering tasks. However,although several surveys have provided overall pictures of the application of deep learning techniques in software engineering,they focus more on learning techniques, that is, what kind of deep learning techniques are employed and how deep models are trained or fine-tuned for software engineering tasks. We still lack surveys explaining the advances of subareas in software engineering driven by deep learning techniques, as well as challenges and opportunities in each subarea. To this end, in this study, we present the first task-oriented survey on deep learning-based software engineering. It covers twelve major software engineering subareas significantly impacted by deep learning techniques. Such subareas spread out through the whole lifecycle of software development and maintenance, including requirements engineering, software development, testing, maintenance, and developer collaboration. As we believe that deep learning may provide an opportunity to revolutionize the whole discipline of software engineering, providing one survey covering as many subareas as possible in software engineering can help future research push forward the frontier of deep learning-based software engineering more systematically. For each of the selected subareas,we highlight the major advances achieved by applying deep learning techniques with pointers to the available datasets i

关键词： deep learning software engineering software benchmark software artifact representation survey

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设计赋能乡村六次产业:基本路径、演化过程及创新实践

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西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版） 2025年第1期25卷 53-59页

作者：张犁李思佳西安美术学院设计艺术学院西安710065 德国亚琛工业大学建筑学院德国亚琛市52062

六次产业化是乡村产业发展的必然趋势,是推动乡村高质量发展的重要路径和有效抓手。从分析六次产业化的内涵入手,探寻设计赋能乡村六次产业的基本逻辑和演化机制;从“设计乡村化和乡村设计化”双路径赋能机制和“设计介入-产业协同-融... 详细信息

六次产业化是乡村产业发展的必然趋势,是推动乡村高质量发展的重要路径和有效抓手。从分析六次产业化的内涵入手,探寻设计赋能乡村六次产业的基本逻辑和演化机制;从“设计乡村化和乡村设计化”双路径赋能机制和“设计介入-产业协同-融合共生”三个赋能维度,探索设计赋能的运行方式;构建一个包含资源支撑、设计驱动、制度保障的理论框架,提出乡村设计实践可以通过“一个框架、一个体系和一套制度”来实现设计赋能,并以农产品包装设计和非遗信息图形设计为案例进行实证分析。指出设计驱动产业融合创新,可促进乡村“三产融合、两化融合、全域融合”,赋能优质资源不断转化为乡村永续发展动能,促进乡村六次产业发展,更好地服务于乡村产业兴旺和高质量发展。

关键词：第六产业设计赋能产业融合创新生态

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论一阶量词及其语义解释

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外语学刊 2025年第1期 106-112页

作者：张力锋南京大学哲学系南京210023

一阶量词具有极大的普遍性,可以统一地处理由于论域变化造成的无限多日常量词。基于一阶语言公式的严格递归构造,重叠量化式归根结底可诉诸原子句和逻辑常项(特别是量词)的意义,得到准确的理解。代入解释挑战标准的量词解释,将量化语句... 详细信息

一阶量词具有极大的普遍性,可以统一地处理由于论域变化造成的无限多日常量词。基于一阶语言公式的严格递归构造,重叠量化式归根结底可诉诸原子句和逻辑常项(特别是量词)的意义,得到准确的理解。代入解释挑战标准的量词解释,将量化语句的真还原为相应去量化语句的代入实例的真,而代入实例被规定或设定为真未必是在存在论意义上,从而既能刻画一阶推理的有效性,又可确保量词作为逻辑常项的本体论中立性。但量化语句并未因代入量词的本体论中立而在语言实践中被剥夺存在含意,它的存在含意下沉至名字及命名关系;克里普克建构的代入量化语义佐证了以上论点,可以驳斥将代入量化看作一种特殊对象量化的误读,代入量化只表明量化语句的真值条件是某些代入实例为真,而不是将量化语句翻译或还原为那个代入实例。

关键词：量词满足代入解释本体论承诺真值条件名字

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双针-板结构脉冲气泡放电等离子体固氮研究

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第6期42卷 122-128页

作者：赵少伟张丽方志南京工业大学电气工程与控制科学学院南京211816

大气压低温等离子体可以利用空气直接进行氧化固氮,具有反应条件温和、参数灵活可控、避免温室气体排放等优点.本文利用双针-板电极在水中形成气泡放电等离子体,以空气为放电气体进行了固氮研究,分析了产物浓度和固氮能耗的影响因素.研... 详细信息

大气压低温等离子体可以利用空气直接进行氧化固氮,具有反应条件温和、参数灵活可控、避免温室气体排放等优点.本文利用双针-板电极在水中形成气泡放电等离子体,以空气为放电气体进行了固氮研究,分析了产物浓度和固氮能耗的影响因素.研究结果表明,等离子体中含有丰富的氮原子、氧原子、氢原子、激发态氮分子等活性物种,可高效合成硝态含氮产物.研究发现,脉冲参数、电极间隙、工作气体组分对气泡放电等离子体的固氮性能有重要影响.装置最高NO~-_x合成速率为19.2μmol/min,最小能耗约为11 MJ/mol.此外还发现,电极间隙为6 mm时,固氮性能最优;空气中增加适量氧气(氧气/氮气比例为0.4)可以增强产物合成,降低能耗.

关键词：低温等离子体纳秒脉冲放电气液放电固氮

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氮、氧杂苯并菲基元取代的α-氰基二苯乙烯对硝基芳环类爆炸物的探针性能研究

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第5期42卷 27-34页

作者：张宇金陈自然李博张宇红何旭东张莉萍四川职业技术学院建筑工程学院遂宁629000 四川职业技术学院能源化工与环境学院遂宁629000

快速选择性检测苦味酸(PA)、三硝基芴酮(TNF)等硝基芳环爆炸物已成为当前研究的热点之一.基于B3LYP/6-311+g(d,p)理论水平,对氮杂苯并菲基元取代的α-氰基二苯乙烯(TPN-Ar-DPA:a)、氮、氧杂苯并菲基元取代的α-氰基二苯乙烯(TPNO-Ar-DPA... 详细信息

快速选择性检测苦味酸(PA)、三硝基芴酮(TNF)等硝基芳环爆炸物已成为当前研究的热点之一.基于B3LYP/6-311+g(d,p)理论水平,对氮杂苯并菲基元取代的α-氰基二苯乙烯(TPN-Ar-DPA:a)、氮、氧杂苯并菲基元取代的α-氰基二苯乙烯(TPNO-Ar-DPA:b)探针分子及八个被检硝基芳环分子进行结构优化与频率计算;对a、b分子稳定结构分别计算气态和四氢呋喃(C_(4)H_(8)O)溶剂中的电子吸收光谱及荧光光谱;对a、b探针分子与硝基芳环所形成二聚体分子的结合能分别计算;最后对二聚体分子进行了简约化密度梯度(RDG)分析.研究结果表明,分子b的平面性优于a,分子b的能隙值小于a.气相与C_(4)H_(8)O溶剂中,分子b吸收光谱与荧光光谱比分子a均明显红移,但在C_(4)H_(8)O溶剂中,两个分子的荧光光谱均有不同程度的蓝移;与分子a相比,分子b与八个被检物所形成二聚体的结合能绝对值相对较大,对硝基芳香环检测物的选择性和灵敏度更好,可设计为对硝基酚(PNP)、TNF、PA、3,4-二硝基苯甲酸(DNBA)的探针分子.探针分子对硝基芳环具有较好地选择性和灵敏度,主要源于二聚体分子间存在较强的氢键作用.

关键词：苯并菲基元硝基芳环爆炸物探针性能密度泛函理论简化密度梯度分析

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