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An unprecedented one-arrow-two-hawks strategy achieves high yield with early flowering in rice

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Molecular Plant 2022年第9期15卷 1412-1414页

作者： hong yu Ning Shao Jiayang li State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research(Beijing) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

By 2021,nearly 9%of the global population was still suffering from hunger.It has estimated that the world population will reach 9.7 billion in 2050(United Nations,2019;Tian et al.,2021),which requires a 2.4%increase per year for the yields of major crops.However,current growth rates are only half of this,imposing serious challenges in increasing grain yield by crop breeding.Plant growth and development mainly require energy and nutrients,and thus it is generally considered that the crop yield could be increased by elevating photosynthetic efficiency and higher nitrogen-use efficiency.Moreover,the uptake and transport of nitrogen must be coordinated with carbon fixation and production of carbohydrates by photosynthesis.However,effective strategies for optimizing the carbon/nitrogen status in crops are still relatively limited and therefore require new promising targets.

关键词： crops yield suffering

Oscillatory Behavior of Third-order Nonlinear Differential Equations with a Sublinear Neutral Term

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2022年第2期38卷 484-496页

作者： Wen-juan li yuan-hong yu Mathematic and computer science College Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The authors present some new criteria for oscillation and asymptotic behavior of solutions of third-order nonlinear differential equations with a sublinear neutral term of the form(r(t)(z"(t))α)+∫_(c)^(d)q(t,ξ)f(x(σ(t,ξ)))dξ=0,t≥t_(0) where z(t)=x(t)+∫_(a)^(b)p(t,ξ)x^(γ)(τ(t,ξ))dξ,0literature.Examples are provided to illustrate the theorems.

关键词： oscillatory behavior neutral differential equation third-order

Skillful prediction of winter Arctic Oscillation from previous summer in a linear empirical model

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第1期64卷 27-36页

作者： hong-li REN yu NIE State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Laboratory for Climate Studies&CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Department of Atmospheric Science School of Environmental StudiesChina University of GeoscienceWuhan 430074China

The winter Arctic Oscillation(WAO),as a primary atmospheric variability mode in the Northern Hemisphere,plays a key role in influencing mid-high-latitude climate variations.However,current dynamical seasonal forecasting systems have limited skills in predicting WAO with lead time longer than two months.In this study,we design a linear empirical model using two effective precursors from anomalies of the Arctic sea ice concentration(SIC)and the tropical sea surface temperature(SST)initiated in preceding late summer(August)which are both significantly correlated with WAO in recent four decades.This model can provide a skillful prediction of WAO at about half-year lead started from previous summer and perform much better than the dynamical models.Such a significantly prolonged lead time is owed to the stable precursor signals extracted from the SIC and SST anomalies over specific areas,which can persist from previous August and be further enhanced through autumn months.Validation results show that this model can produce a 20-year independent-validated prediction skill of 0.45 for 1999–2018 and a 39-year cross-validated skill of 0.67 for 1980–2018,providing a potentially effective tool for earlier predictions of winter climate variations at mid-high latitudes.

关键词： Arctic Oscillation(AO) Winter AO prediction Sea ice concentration Sea surface temperature linear empirical model

Environmental Isotopes and Cl/Br Ratios Evidences for Delineating Arsenic Mobilization in Aquifer System of the Jianghan Plain,Central China

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第2期34卷 571-579页

作者： yu Zhang Qian yu Chongwen Shi Ping li hong Niu College of Resources and Environmental Science South-Central University for NationalitiesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Environment isotopes(δ18O andδ2H)and Cl/Br ratios in surface water and groundwater are combined to investigate arsenic mobilization in aquifer system of the Jianghan Plain.The groundwater has relatively high arsenic concentrations,ranging from 3.6 to 1055.3μg/L with an average of 102.2μg/L,which exceeds China’s drinking water standard(10μg/L).The arsenic content of surface water samples is quite low with the range of 6.0–14.3μg/L,averaging 9.5μg/L.δ18O andδ2H values for surface water and groundwater samples plot close to the local meteoric water line(LMWL),reflecting their meteoric origin;a subset of the samples(shallow wells,10 m)shows a shift to LMWL,commensurate with mixing with surface water and evaporation.The correlations betweenδ18O values and Cl concentration and Cl/Br ratios as well as arsenic concentration demonstrated that surface water and groundwater interactions,including active exchange between river/pond water and groundwater and vertical infiltration from agricultural and aquacultural soils,were dominated processes affecting arsenic mobilization in shallow groundwater system and lateral recharge was the main process controlling arsenic behavior in deep groundwater system.The results of this study will be beneficial to understanding the causes of arsenic mobilization in Jianghan groundwaters at different depths.

关键词： environment isotope CI/Br ratios arsenic surface water and groundwater interaction Jianghan Plain geochemistry

Pigment Distribution and Secretion in the Mantle of the Pacific Oyster(Crassostrea gigas)

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第3期22卷 813-820页

作者： ZHU Yijing li Qi yu hong liU Shikai Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

The color of Mollusca shells is one of the most important attributes to consumers.At the cellular level,black color is mainly from the melanin produced by melanocytes.The melanosome is a specialized membrane-bound organelle that is involved in melanin synthesis,storage,and transportation.How the complex pigmentation process in the Crassostrea gigas is established remains an open question.The objectives of this studies are to examine the morphological characteristics of melanosomes or melanin of mantle pigmentation in the Pacific oyster,thereby investigating its contribution to shell color.The results show that pigmented granules of the mantles vary among the three lobes,and the melanosomes at different stages are enriched in distinct cargo molecules,which indicate the remarkable difference between the marginal mantle and central mantle.Examination of mantle histology reveals that the mantle margin of the oyster is characterized by three different folds,including the outer secretory,middle sensory,and inner muscular fold.Ferrous ion chelating assays against the tyrosine hydroxylase indicate that a large amount of melanin is localized in the inner surface of the middle fold.Transmission electron microscopy analyses show that the mantle edge is composed of tall columnar and cuboidal epidermal cells and some pigmented melanocytes intersperse among these cells.The numbers of melanosomes among the three lobes are different.In the inner fold and the middle fold of the mantle,some single dispersion,or aggregation of melanosomes with different degrees of melanization are found in the outer surface.Numerous melanosomes are distributed in the epithelium of the outer fold of the mantle,and mainly are at the apical microvillar surface near the lumen.However,melanosomes are occasionally observed in the central mantle,and they are relatively less.This work provides new insights into the process of melanin deposit in the mantle and shell pigmentation in C.gigas.

关键词： Crassostrea gigas mantle melanosome melanin pigmentation cells

Mean flow and turbulence structure of open channel flow with suspended vegetation

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第2期32卷 314-325页

作者： Qian li yu-hong Zeng yu Bai State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

In combination with a channel bed,suspended vegetationin an open channel can alter flow structure and generate vertically asymmetric flow.This study investigated the mean flow and turbulence structure of an open channel with suspended vegetation through theoretical analysis and laboratory experiments.Three patterns of bionic leaves with different roughness were adopted to imitate suspended vegetation,and three-dimensional velocity field was measured by using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter.The measured data showed that the vertical profile of streamwise velocity obeys a two-power law and that the maximum velocity at the middle depth is close to the smooth boundary(i.e.,the channel bed in the experiment)under the combined action of vegetation cover and channel bed.Shear stress is linearly distributed along the vertical axis,and the vertical profile of turbulence intensity obeys an exponential law.Then,a two-power law expression was adopted to predict the vertical profile of streamwise velocity.Theoretical models for the vertical distribution of shear stress and turbulence intensity were also established.The predicted results validated by measurements showed that the different magnitudes of vegetation cover and channel bed boundary roughness exert an obvious impact on flow structure.

关键词： Suspended vegetation streamwise velocity shear stress turbulence intensity boundary roughness

Now-and Fore-casting the Secular Epidemiological Trends and Seasonality of the Comeback of Scarlet Fever in China:A 16-year Time Series Analysis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第6期35卷 563-567页

作者： WANG Yong Bin li Yan Yan LU Hao TAO Ying Jun li yu hong WANG Lei liANG Wen Juan Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public HealthXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003HenanChina National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention China Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität Zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany

Scarlet fever(SF)is a common communicable disease that results from group A Streptococcus(GAS)infections[1].SF accounted for the global loss of life among children 5–15 years of age in the 18th and 19th centuries[2].A rapid reduction in SF morbidity and mortality occurred due to the scale-up of effective antibiotics and improvements in sanitation and nutrition[3].The unexpected increase in the incidence of SF has attracted a renewed interest in infectious diseases[3].Because the triggers that cause SF outbreaks are not fully understood and there is a scarcity of available vaccines protecting susceptible populations from GAS infections,effective prevention and control plans are required to stop the continued spread of SF.

关键词： prevention mortality continued

Existence of Nontrivial Solutions for Superlinear Three-Point Boundary Value Problems

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2017年第4期33卷 1043-1052页

作者： hong-yu li College of Mathematics and Systems Science Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590China Mathematics and Science College Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 China

In this paper, we investigate the existence of nontrivial solutions for some superlinear second order three-point boundary value problems by applying new fixed point theorems in ordered Banach spaces with the lattice ... 详细信息

关键词： lattice three-point boundary value problem sign-changing solution

The Clam Cyclina sinensis (Gmelin) Phylogeography Study with 28S rRNA Gene and Potential of Nuclear rRNA Genes in Genetic Assessments of Molluscs

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第2期21卷 395-399页

作者： NI Gang li Qi KONG lingfeng yu hong The Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266003China Laboratory of Tropical Marine Germplasm Resources and Breeding Engineering Sanya Oceanographic InstitutionOcean University of ChinaSanya 572000China

Intraspecific diversity of molluscan species is usually studied based on maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA,from which only part of the evolutionary history can be reflected.Some nuclear ribosomal RNA genes such as 28S rRNA represent poten-tial candidates that can be easily applied in phylogeography because of lacking intraindividual variation.However,considering their low polymorphism,genetic appraisals on whether and how they can be used in population studies are necessary.Here,we applied a short 28S rRNA to assess genetic patterns of the clam Cyclina sinensis along the coast of China and compared the results with a for-mer study based on COI and ITS-1 analyses.The results revealed the 28S rRNA data set was characterized by an extremely low level of variation,with only seven haplotypes defined for 93 individuals.Haplotype and nucleotide diversity for each population was al-most the lowest when compared with the other two markers.However,the distribution of two dominant haplotypes showed clear geo-graphic patterns,and significant population differentiation was revealed between the East China Sea and the South China Sea.These patterns were highly concordant with findings of the former study that populations of C.sinensis were historically separated by land bridges among sea basins.Our study suggested that although the nuclear rRNAs have shortcomings such as low variation,they have advantages including lack of intraindividual variation and high amplification rates.Applying rRNA genes can enrich the toolbox of nuclear markers in molluscan phylogeographic studies.

关键词： marine phylogeography molluscs nuclear gene genetic break