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Novel Perovskite Oxide Hybrid Nanofibers Embedded with Nanocatalysts for Highly Efficient and Durable Electrodes in Direct CO_(2) Electrolysis

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 214-230页

作者： Akromjon Akhmadjonov Kyung Taek bae Kang Taek lee Department of Mechanical Engineering KAISTDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea KAIsT Graduate school of Green Growth and sustainability Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea

The unique characteristics of nanofibers in rational electrode design enable effec-tive utilization and maximizing material properties for achieving highly efficient and sustainable CO_(2) reduction reactions( CO_(2)RRs)in solid oxide elec-trolysis cells(sOECs).However,practical appli-cation of nanofiber-based electrodes faces chal-lenges in establishing sufficient interfacial contact and adhesion with the dense *** tackle this challenge,a novel hybrid nanofiber electrode,La_(0.6)sr_(0.4)Co_(0.15)Fe_(0.8)Pd_(0.05)O_(3-δ)(H-LsCFP),is developed by strategically incorporating low aspect ratio crushed LsCFP nanofibers into the excess porous interspace of a high aspect ratio LsCFP nanofiber framework synthesized via electrospinning *** consecutive treatment in 100% H_(2) and CO_(2) at 700°C,LsCFP nanofibers form a perovskite phase with in situ exsolved Co metal nanocatalysts and a high concentration of oxygen species on the surface,enhancing CO_(2) *** sOEC with the H-LsCFP electrode yielded an outstanding current density of 2.2 A cm^(-2) in CO_(2) at 800°C and 1.5 V,setting a new benchmark among reported nanofiber-based *** twinning of the H-LsCFP reveals improved contact adhesion and increased reaction sites for CO_(2)*** present work demonstrates a highly catalytically active and robust nanofiber-based fuel electrode with a hybrid structure,paving the way for further advancements and nanofiber applications in CO_(2)-sOECs.

关键词： Nanofibers Fuel electrodes Digital twinning CO_(2)reduction reaction solid oxide electrolysis cells

Callus proliferation-induced hypoxic microenvironment decreases shoot regeneration competence in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 395-408页

作者： Dohee Koo Hong Gil lee soon Hyung bae Kyounghee lee Pil Joon seo Department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Research Institute of Basic sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Plants are aerobic organisms that rely on molecular oxygen for respiratory energy *** conditions,with oxygen levels ranging between 1%and 5%,usually limit aerobic respiration and affect plant growth and ***,we demonstrate that the hypoxic microenvironment induced by active cell proliferation during the two-step plant regeneration process intrinsically represses the regener-ation competence of the callus in Arabidopsis *** showed that hypoxia-repressed plant regener-ation is mediated by the RELATED TO APETALA2.12(RAP2.12)protein,a memberof the Ethylene Response Factor VIl(ERF-Vll)*** found that the hypoxia-activated RAP2.12 protein promotes salicylic acid(sA)biosynthesis and defense responses,thereby inhibiting pluripotency acquisition and de novo shoot regeneration in *** and genetic analyses revealed that RAP2.12 could bind directly to the sALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFICIENT 2(sID2)gene promoter and activate sA biosynthesis,repressing plant regeneration possibly via a PLETHORA(PLT)-dependent ***,the rap2.12 mutant calli exhibits enhanced shoot regeneration,which is impaired by sA *** together,these find-ings uncover that the cell proliferation-dependent hypoxic microenvironment reduces cellular pluripotency and plant regeneration through the RAP2.12-sID2 module.

关键词： callus cell proliferation-induced hypoxia sID2 plant regeneration salicylic acid RAP2.12

Real-world utility of serological tests in patients with suspected scrub typhus in the Republic of Korea:A single-center,retrospective,observational study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 273-280,I0004,I0005页

作者： seulki Kim A Reum Kim s.ungjin Lim su Jin lee Moonsuk bae Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal MedicinePusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsanRepublic of Korea Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical science and Technology Pusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsanRepublic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of MedicineBusanRepublic of Korea

Objective:serological tests are widely used for scrub typhus diagnosis;however,their limitations are *** study aims to assess their practical value in clinical ***:We analyzed the data of adult patients with suspected scrub typhus who visited a tertiary care hospital in the Republic of Korea from september to December from 2019 to *** included patients had an acute fever and at least one of the following ten secondary findings:myalgia,skin rash,eschar,headache,thrombocytopenia,increased liver enzyme levels,lymphadenopathy,hepatomegaly,splenomegaly,and pleural *** diagnoses were grouped as scrub typhus or other diseases by two infectious disease ***:Among 136 patients who met the eligibility criteria,109 had scrub typhus and 27 had different *** and paired total antibodies using immunofluorescence assay(IFA),and total antibodies using immunochromatography-based rapid diagnostic testing(ICT)were measured in 98%,22%,and 75%of all patients,*** using paired samples for scrub typhus was established at a median of 11[interquartile range(IQR)10-16]days following the first *** the 82 admitted patients,the median admission time was 9(IQR 7-13)*** to IFA,58(55%)patients with scrub typhus had total immunoglobulin titers≥1:320,while 23(85%)patients with other disease had titerssults were observed in 64(74%)patients with scrub typhus and 10(67%)patients with other diseases showed negative ICT ***:serological testing for scrub typhus is currently insufficient for decision-making in clinical practice.

关键词： scrub typhus serological test Immunofluorescence assay Immunochromatography Rapid detecting test

CD200Rhigghh neutrophils with dysfunctional autophagy establish systemic immunosuppression by increasing regulatory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 349-361页

作者： Ye seon Kim Yu sun Jeong Geon Ho bae Ji Hyeon Kang Mingyu lee Brian A.Zabel Yoe-sik bae Department of Biological sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Department of Health science and Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research Veterans Affairs HospitalPalo AltoCA94304USA

Distinct neutrophil populations arise during certain pathological *** generation of dysfunctional neutrophils during sepsis and their contribution to septicemia-related systemic immune suppression remain *** this study,using an experimental sepsis model that features immunosuppression,we identified a novel population of pathogenic CD200R^(high) neutrophils that are generated during the initial stages of sepsis and contribute to systemic immune suppression by enhancing regulatory T(T_(reg))*** to their CD200R^(low)counterparts,sepsis-generated CD200Rhigh neutrophils exhibit impaired autophagy and dysfunction,with reduced chemotactic migration,superoxide anion production,and TNF-α*** soluble CD200 blocks autophagy and neutrophil maturation in the bone marrow during experimental sepsis,and recombinant CD200 treatment in vitro can induce neutrophil dysfunction similar to that observed in CD200R^(high) *** administration of anα-CD200R antibody effectively reversed neutrophil dysfunction by enhancing autophagy and protecting against a secondary infection challenge,leading to increased *** analysis revealed that CD200R^(high) neutrophils expressed high levels of Igf1,which elicits the generation of Treg cells,while the administration of anα-CD200R antibody inhibited Treg cell generation in a secondary infection *** together,our findings revealed a novel CD200R^(high) neutrophil population that mediates the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced systemic immunosuppression by generating Treg cells.

关键词： sepsis Neutrophils CD200R Autophagy IGF-1 Regulatory T cells

Generalized polynomial chaos expansion by reanalysis using static condensation based on substructuring

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 819-836页

作者： D.lee s.CHANG J.lee Department of Automotive Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea school of Mechanical Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea

This paper presents a new computational method for forward uncertainty quantification(UQ)analyses on large-scale structural systems in the presence of arbitrary and dependent random *** method consists of a generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPCE)for statistical moment and reliability analyses associated with the stochastic output and a static reanalysis method to generate the input-output data *** the reanalysis,we employ substructuring for a structure to isolate its local regions that vary due to random *** allows for avoiding repeated computations of invariant substructures while generating the input-output data *** substructuring with static condensation further improves the computational efficiency of the reanalysis without losing ***,the GPCE with the static reanalysis method can achieve significant computational saving,thus mitigating the curse of dimensionality to some degree for UQ under high-dimensional *** numerical results obtained from a simple structure indicate that the proposed method for UQ produces accurate solutions more efficiently than the GPCE using full finite element analyses(FEAs).We also demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed method by executing UQ for a large-scale wing-box structure under ten-dimensional(all-dependent)random inputs.

关键词： forward uncertainty quantification(UQ) generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPCE) static reanalysis method static condensation substructuring

Effect of Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+ doping on luminescent property of GdNbO4

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 66-75页

作者： s.W.Wi Y.s.lee Department of Physics and Integrative Institute of Basic sciences Soongsil University

We investigated the emission properties of Eu3+-doped GdNbO4-based oxide phosphors,aiming at improving the Eu3+emission by codoping of Bi3+and Li+.Eu3+singly doped,Eu3+and Bi3+doubly doped,and Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+triply doped GdNbO4were prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction *** red-orange emissions from Eu3+in the singly doped samples are significantly improved by the codoping of Bi3+,mainly due to the energy transfer from Bi3+to Eu3+.The additional codoping of Li+is found to increase the Eu3+emission *** improvement might be attributed to the increase in the photoluminescent quantum yield originating from larger grain sizes and better crystallinity.A detailed analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern and the asymmetric ratio estimated from the photoluminescence spectra show that the local lattice environment around Eu3+in GdNbO4does not change significantly with the codoping of Bi3+and Li+.Our results indicate that Li+doping is a promising way to improve the emission properties of rare-earth ion-doped GdNbO4phosphors.

关键词： Eu 3+ GdNbO 4 Codoping of Li + Photoluminescence sensitizer Rare earths

Mathematical modeling and simulations of stress mitigation by coating polycrystalline particles in lithium-ion batteries

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 947-962页

作者： N.IQBAL J.CHOI s.F.sHAH C.lee s.lee Department of Mechanical Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea

A chemo-mechanical model is developed to investigate the effects on the stress development of the coating of polycrystalline Ni-rich LiNixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x≥0.8)(NMC)particles with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The simulation results show that the coating of primary NMC particles significantly reduces the stress generation by efficiently accommodating the volume change associated with the lithium diffusion,and the coating layer plays roles both as a cushion against the volume change and a channel for the lithium transport,promoting the lithium distribution across the secondary particles more ***,the lower stiffness,higher ionic conductivity,and larger thickness of the coating layer improve the stress *** paper provides a mathematical framework for calculating the chemo-mechanical responses of anisotropic electrode materials and fundamental insights into how the coating of NMC active particles mitigates stress levels.

关键词： lithium-ion battery(LIB) polycrystalline particle coating finite element simulation Ni-rich LiNixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8)(NMC)

Thermodynamic model for deoxidation of liquid steel considering strong metal-oxygen interaction in the quasichemical model framework

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 988-1002页

作者： Yong-Min Cho Youn-bae Kang Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea N.EX.T Hub POSCO HoldingsPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea Department of Materials science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea

Herein,a thermodynamic model aimed at describing deoxidation equilibria in liquid steel was *** model provides explicit forms of the activity coefficient of solutes in liquid steel,eliminating the need for the minimization of internal Gibbs energy preliminarily when solving deoxidation *** elimination of internal Gibbs energy minimization is particularly advantageous during the coupling of deoxidation equilibrium calculations with computationally intensive approaches,such as computational fluid *** model enables efficient calculations through direct embedment of the explicit forms of activity coefficient in the computing *** proposed thermodynamic model was developed using a quasichemical approach with two key approximations:random mixing of metallic elements(Fe and oxidizing metal) and strong nonrandom pairing of metal and oxygen as nearest *** these approximations,the quasichemical approach yielded the activity coefficients of solutes as explicit functions of composition and temperature without requiring the minimization of internal Gibbs energy or the coupling of separate *** model was successfully applied in the calculation of deoxidation equilibria of various elements(Al,B,C,Ca,Ce,Cr,La,Mg,Mn,Nb,si,Ti,V,and Zr).The limitations of the model arising from these assumptions were also discussed.

关键词： deoxidation equilibria thermodynamics quasichemical approach computational fluid dynamics

Negative stiffness Mechanism on An Asymmetric Wave Energy Converter by Using A Weakly Nonlinear Potential Model

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 689-700页

作者： sunny Kumar POGULURI Dongeun KIM Yoon Hyeok bae Department of Ocean Engineering IIT MadrasChennaiIndia Multidisciplinary Graduate school Program for Wind Energy Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea Mechanical and system Design Engineering Hongik UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

salter's duck,an asymmetrical wave energy converter(WEC)device,showed high efficiency in extracting energy from 2D regular waves in the past;yet,challenges remain for fluctuating wave *** can potentially be addressed by adopting a negative stiffness mechanism(NsM)in WEC devices to enhance system efficiency,even in highly nonlinear and steep 3D waves.A weakly nonlinear model was developed which incorporated a nonlinear restoring moment and NsM into the linear formulations and was applied to an asymmetric WEC using a time domain potential flow *** model was initially validated by comparing it with published experimental and numerical computational fluid dynamics *** current results were in good agreement with the published *** was found that the energy extraction increased in the range of 6%to 17%during the evaluation of the effectiveness of the NsM in regular *** irregular wave conditions,specifically at the design wave conditions for the selected test site,the energy extraction increased by 2.4%,with annual energy production increments of approximately *** findings highlight the potential of NsM in enhancing the performance of asymmetric WEC devices,indicating more efficient energy extraction under various wave conditions.

关键词： asymmetric wave energy converter negative stiffness mechanism weakly nonlinear potential flow power