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Robust and Efficient Data Transmission over Noisy Communication ch.nnels Using Stacked and Denoising Autoencoders

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ch.na Communications 2019年第8期16卷 82-92页

作者： Faisal Nadeem Khan Alan Pak Tao lau Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

We study the effects of quantization and additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN) in transmitting latent representations of images over a noisy communication ch.nnel. The latent representations are obtained using autoencoders(AEs). We analyze image reconstruction and classification performance for different ch.nnel noise powers, latent vector sizes, and number of quantization bits used for the latent variables as well as AEs’ parameters. The results show that the digital transmission of latent representations using conventional AEs alone is extremely vulnerable to ch.nnel noise and quantization effects. We then propose a combination of basic AE and a denoising autoencoder(DAE) to denoise the corrupted latent vectors at the receiver. This approach.demonstrates robustness against ch.nnel noise and quantization effects and enables a significant improvement in image reconstruction and classification performance particularly in adverse scenarios with high noise powers and significant quantization effects.

关键词： communication ch.nnels data compression deep learning autoencoders denoising autoencoders

Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) and its further developments in the last decade

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第3期8卷 258-259页

作者： Wan Yee lau Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The Editor-in-ch.ef of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition invited me to write an Editorial on the article entitled"10th Anniversary of ALPPS-Lessons Learned and quo Vadis"by Lang et *** was published in the 2019 January issue of Annals of Surgery(1).This article was coauthored by 15 world-renowned experts in associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)who met during the 12th Biennial Congress of the European-African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association in Mainz,Germany from 23 to 26 May,*** aim of the meeting and the subsequently published article was to make"the most updated inventory of what has been ach.eved,and what remains unclear in ALPPS".

关键词： Surgery ALPPS partition

Methods of vascular control tech.ique during liver resection:a comprehensive review

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2010年第5期9卷 473-481页

作者： Wan-Yee lau Eric C.H.Lai Stephanie H.Y.lau Faculty of Medicine the Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina

BACKGROUND: Significant hemorrhage together with blood transfusion increases postoperative morbidity and mortality of hepatic resection. Hepatic vascular occlusion is effective in minimizing bleeding during hepatic parench.mal transection. This article aimed to review the current role and status of various tech.iques of hepatic vascular occlusion during hepatic resection. DATA SOURCES: The relevant manuscripts were identified by search.ng MEDLINE, and PubMed for articles published between January 1980 and April 2010 using the keywords 'vascular control', 'vascular clamping', 'vascular exclusion' and 'hepatectomy'. Additional papers were identified by a manual search.of the references from the key articles. RESULTS: One randomized controlled trial (RCT) and 5 RCTs showed intermittent Pringle maneuver and isch.mic preconditioning followed by continuous Pringle maneuver were superior to continuous Pringle maneuver alone, respectively. Two RCTs compared the outcomes of hepatectomy with and without intermittent Pringle maneuver. One showed Pringle maneuver to be beneficial, while the other failed to show any benefit. One RCT showed that isch.mic preconditioning had significantly less blood loss than using intermittent Pringle maneuver. Four RCTs evaluated the use of hemihepatic vascular occlusion. One RCT showed it had significantly less blood loss than Pringle maneuver, while the other 3 showed no significant difference. Only 1 RCT showed it had significantly less liver isch.mic injury. No RCT had been carried out to assess segmental vascular occlusion. Two RCTs compared the outcomes of total hepatic vascular exclusion (THVE) and Pringle maneuver. One RCT showed THVE resulted in similar blood loss, but a higher postoperative complication. The other RCT showed less blood loss using THVE but the postoperative complication rate was similar. Both studies showed similar degree of liver isch.mic injury. Only one RCT showed that selective hepatic vascular exclusion (SHVE) had

关键词： vascular control vascular exclusion hepatectomy liver neoplasm Pringle maneuver

The current role of neoadjuvant/adjuvant/ch.moprevention therapy in partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma:a systematic review

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第2期8卷 124-133页

作者： Wan-Yee lau Eric C.H.Lai Stephanie H.Y.lau State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine

BACKGROUND: Following curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 50%-90% of postoperative death is due to recurrent disease. Intra-hepatic recurrence is frequently the only site of recurrence. Thus, any neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy, which.can decrease or delay the incidence of intra-hepatic recurrence, or any cancer ch.moprevention which.can prevent a new HCC from developing in the liver remnant, will improve the results of liver resection. This article systematically reviewed the current evidence of neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and ch.moprevention in partial hepatectomy of HCC. DATA SOURCES: Studies were identified by search.ng MEDLINE and PubMed databases for articles from January 1990 to November 2008 using the keywords 'hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatectomy', 'adjuvant therapy', 'neoadjuvant therapy', and 'regional therapy'. Additional papers and book ch.pters were identified by a manual search.of the references from the key articles. RESULTS: Neoadjuvant transarterial ch.moembolization or adjuvant regional transarterial ch.motherapy embolization+systemic ch.motherapy did not add benefit. Both adjuvant transarterial radioembolization with (131)I-lipiodol and adjuvant systemic interferon showed promising results. However, there were only a limited number of such.studies. CONCLUSIONS: Further randomized controlled studies need to be carried out. Currently, there is no consensus on a standard neoadjuvant/adjuvant/ch.moprevention therapy in partial hepatectomy for HCC.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma hepatectomy adjuvant therapy neoadjuvant therapy therapeutic embolization

Impregnation of carbonaceous nanofibers into glassy polymer-based composite membrane for CO_2 separation

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ch.nese Journal of ch.mical Engineering 2018年第11期26卷 2385-2390页

作者： Pannir Selvam Murugiah Pei ch.ng Oh Kok Keong lau CO_2 Research.Centre Institute of Contaminant ManagementChemical Engineering DepartmentUniversiti Teknologi PETRONAS

The development of defect-free composite membrane(CM) is often ch.llenging due to poor dispersion and distribution of filler particles in the polymer matrix. Despite the attractive physicoch.mical properties and gas separation performance of carbon nanotube(CNT) based CM, CNT displayed poor dispersion ch.racteristics in most polymer matrix domain. Instead of incorporating CNT, a viable alternative, carbon nanofiber(CNF) which.exhibits similar properties as CNT, but improved dispersion quality in the polymer matrix is found. In this work,CNF particles were incorporated in poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)(PPOdm) polymer continuous phase for CM development. The optimum gas separation performance of the PPOdm-CNF CM(11.25 at 197.02 barrer of CO_2 permeability) was obtained at 3 wt% of CNF loading. Compared to pristine PPOdmmembrane,CO_2 permeability and CO_2/ch.4 selectivity of PPOdm-3 wt% CNF CM were enhanced by 180% and 55%, *** 3 wt% CNF loading, the filler particles were dispersed and distributed more homogenously, in which.no obvious CNF agglomeration was observed. In addition, the incorporation of CNF particles also enhanced the mech.nical and thermal properties of the resultant CM.

关键词： Carbon nanofiber Composite membrane Carbon dioxide Gas separation

Martin boundary and exit space on the Sierpinski gasket

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Science ch.na Mathematics 2012年第3期55卷 475-494页

作者： lau Ka-Sing NGAI Sze-Man Department of Mathematics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Mathematical Sciences Georgia Southern University

We define a new Markov ch.in on the symbolic space representing the Sierpinski gasket (SG),and show that the corresponding Martin boundary is homeomorphic to the SG while the minimal Martin boundary is the three vertices of the *** addition,the harmonic structure induced by the Markov ch.in coincides with the canonical one on the *** suggests another approach.to consider the existence of Laplacians on those self-similar sets for which.the problem is still not settled.

关键词： Martin boundary Markov ch.in Green function harmonic function fractal Sierpinski gasket

Material ch.racterization and inter/intra-particle validation for DEM simulation of urea coating process

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 32-48页

作者： Salma A.Nouh KuZilati KuShaari lau Kok Keong Shafirah Samsuri ch.mical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610 Seri IskandarPerak Darul RidzuanMalaysia

Particle coating is a common operation in the controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) industry,where a coating layer is appliedto the urea cores.A discrete element method (DEM) computer simulation was applied to model the coating process for the urea granules using measured model *** accuracy of DEM input parameters for the coating material properties and the physical and mech.nical ch.racterizations of urea granules are crucial to the study of particle coating ***,to enhance the simulation accuracy,information on the material properties (urea granules) is *** this study,the elasticity parameters,shear modulus ,coefficient of restitution (CoR),and coefficient of rolling and static friction (CoRF) and (CoSF) of urea granules are estimated experimentally in addition to the physical *** sensitivity of the angle of repose of the urea bed was investigated at different coefficients of *** to the obtained experimental value of the angle of repose,values of 0.2 and 0.3 for CoRF and CoSF,respectively,were adjusted to obtain consistent urea granules’ motion for simulation and the ***,the spray droplet sizes and velocity distributions were estimated using the video-imaging process *** on this experimental ch.racterization,elasticity parameters and spray properties were integrated into DEM simulation software as input data to perform numerical analysis of the coating process to compare simulation and experimental results,which.show uniformity at three different pan speeds with a maximum deviation of 0.033 at 5 ***,consistency between DEM and experiment results was ach.eved in terms of average coating thickness (μm) of the selected samples and average intra-particle thickness variation ( CoV intra ).These results revealed that the coating film thickness is proportional to the rotation speed for the experiment and *** enhance the inter-particle coating uniformity,the effects of the

关键词： Contact model Discrete element method Urea fertilizer Coating process

A ruptured recurrent small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumour causing hemoperitoneum

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第1期9卷 108-111页

作者： Eric C.H. Lai Kam Man ch.ng Stephanie H.Y. lau Wan Yee lau Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong SAR China Dr. K.M. ch.ng's Clinic Rm 807 Hang Seng Tsimshatsui Building 18 Carnarvon Road Tsimshatsui Hong Kong SAR China Department of Surgery Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Hong Kong SAR China Department of Surgery Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong SAR China

Hemoperitoneum is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of GIST. We reported a 54- year-old man who developed disseminated intra-abdominal recurrence from a previously resected gastrointestinal stromal tumour （GIST） of the small bowel, and the patient presented with hemoperitoneum. Emergent debulking surgery was performed. A high dose imatinib was prescribed. Despite the presence of residual disease, the patient was well clinically 8 months after the operation. Even though, there is no evidence to support the routine use of debulking surgery in the management of GIST. In our patient, disease progression after second line targeted therapy and the absence of alternative treatment options for spontaneous rupture and hemoperitoneum prompted us to treat the patient aggressively. Resection of the ruptured GIST was carried out for control of bleeding and to prevent recurrent bleeding in this patient with good surgical risks. During the treatment decision-making, the patient＇s general condition, the risk of surgery and the extent of dissemination were taken into consideration. In this patient who presented with spontaneous rupture of a small intestinal GIST, the novel use of targeted therapy and aggressive surgical treatment produced reasonably good survival outcome.

关键词： gastrointestinal stromal tumour hemoperitoneum small bowel GIST small bowel neoplasm imatinib

Comments on“Hepatic radioembolization with yttrium-90 glass microspheres for treatment of primary liver cancer”by Cao et al,ch.n Med J 1999;112:430-432

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ch.nese Medical Journal 2001年第4期114卷 97-98页

作者： SHo WY lau WT Leung ch.nese Univ Hong Kong Prince Wales Hosp Dept Surg Shatin Hong Kong Peoples R China ch.nese Univ Hong Kong Prince Wales Hosp Dept Clin Oncol Shatin Hong Kong Peoples R China

Editors,　　We would like to congratulate Cao and his colleagues on the extremely good mean survival rate of 19.5 months ach.eved in 17 patients with non-resectable liver cancer (16 primary and 1 metastatic).1　Because the results of their study sounds so promising, centres having access to glass yttrium-90 (90Y) microspheres may want to try their methods. It is therefore necessary to clarify some of the points mentioned in their report.

关键词： yttrium Comments on