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Assessing foundation behaviour under complex loading near tunnels

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第10期21卷 3503-3520页

作者： Piyush kumar Vinay bhushan CHAUHAN Aayush kumar Civil Engineering Department Madan Mohan Malaviya University of TechnologyGorakhpur 273010India

The stability of strip footings subjected to eccentrically inclined loads is critical for reliable foundation *** study investigates the effect of a circular unlined tunnel in a rock mass on the ultimate bearing capacity(UbC)of a foundation with width b under inclined and eccentric *** finite element limit analysis was employed to evaluate the reduction in UbC of the footing resting above a *** examined critical parameters include normalized load eccentricity(e/b),load inclination(β),and horizontal and vertical distances of the tunnel from the foundation(P/b and Q/b,respectively),along with rock mass *** results reveal that for e/b≥0.25 and β≤60°,the reduction coefficient,R_(c)≥0.90,suggesting that the presence of a tunnel has a minimal impact on the load-bearing capacity of the footing,with failure primarily governed by load eccentricity and ***,potential failure mechanisms are explored,showing that at lower e/b,higher β,and lower Q/b,the tunnel significantly affects footing's failure ***,at higher e/b and lower β,failure is due to rotational effects of footing,regardless of the tunnel's *** predict the Rc more accurately,due to the time-consuming nature of direct calculations,both MLR and ANN models were *** MLR model provided a baseline for comparison,while the ANN model,with a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.98,demonstrated superior accuracy compared to the R2=0.96 of *** both approaches ensured robust and efficient predictions of *** Rc does not directly provide the reduced UbC of footing due to presence of tunnel,the study introduced bearing capacity factor(Nc)to enable direct calculation of the reduced UbC of *** findings offer theoretical guidelines for preliminary design and provide practitioners with an effective tool for evaluating UbC reduction in complex loading scenarios involving tunnels.

关键词： Unlined tunnel Shallow foundation FELA Rock Mass ANN MLR

Linear and nonlinear propagation characteristics of multi-Gaussian laser beams

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Chinese Physics b 2020年第11期29卷 370-379页

作者： Naveen Gupta Sandeep kumar Lovely Professional University PhagwaraIndia

Theoretical investigation on the propagation characteristics of a new class of laser beams known as multi Gaussian(M.G)laser beams has been *** investigate the linear characteristics,propagation of the laser beam in vacuum has been ***,the nonlinear characteristics have been investigated in *** nonlinearity of the plasma has been modeled by relativistic mass nonlinearity of the plasma electrons in the field of laser *** is based on finding the semi analytical solution of the wave equation for the slowly varying envelope of the laser ***,the dynamical evolutions of the beam width and longitudinal phase of the laser beam have been investigated in detail.

关键词： self-focusing multi Gaussian self phase modulation self-channeling

Thermodynamic behaviour of Rashba quantum dot in the presence of magnetic field

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Chinese Physics b 2016年第5期25卷 262-267页

作者： Sukirti Gumber Manoj kumar Pradip kumar Jha Man Mohan Department of Physics & Astrophysics University of Delhi Department of Physics DDU College University of Delhi

The thermodynamic properties of an In Sb quantum dot have been investigated in the presence of Rashba spin–orbit interaction and a static magnetic field. The energy spectrum and wave-functions for the system are obtained by solving the Schrodinger wave-equation analytically. These energy levels are employed to calculate the specific heat, entropy,magnetization and susceptibility of the quantum dot system using canonical formalism. It is observed that the system is susceptible to maximum heat absorption at a particular value of magnetic field which depends on the Rashba coupling parameter as well as the temperature. The variation of specific heat shows a Schottky-like anomaly in the low temperature limit and rapidly converges to the value of 2kb with the further increase in temperature. The entropy of the quantum dot is found to be inversely proportional to the magnetic field but has a direct variation with temperature. The substantial effect of Rashba spin–orbit interaction on the magnetic properties of quantum dot is observed at low values of magnetic field and temperature.

关键词： quantum dot Rashba spin–orbit interaction thermal and magnetic properties

AI/ML Enabled Automation System for Software Defined Disaggregated Open Radio Access Networks:Transforming Telecommunication business

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big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 271-293页

作者： Sunil kumar Institute for Communication Systems University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUK

Open Air Interface(OAI)alliance recently introduced a new disaggregated Open Radio Access Networks(O-RAN)framework for next generation telecommunications and *** disaggregated architecture is open,automated,software defined,virtual,and supports the latest advanced technologies like Artificial Intelligence(AI)Machine Learning(AI/ML).This novel intelligent architecture enables programmers to design and customize automated applications according to the business needs and to improve quality of service in fifth generation(5G)and beyond 5G(b5G).Its disaggregated and multivendor nature gives the opportunity to new startups and small vendors to participate and provide cheap hardware software solutions to keep the market *** paper presents the disaggregated and programmable O-RAN architecture focused on automation,AI/ML services,and applications with Flexible Radio access network Intelligent Controller(FRIC).We schematically demonstrate the reinforcement learning,external applications(xApps),and automation steps to implement this disaggregated O-RAN *** idea of this research paper is to implement an AI/ML enabled automation system for software defined disaggregated O-RAN,which monitors,manages,and performs AI/ML-related services,including the model deployment,optimization,inference,and training.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence(AI) Reinforcement Learning(RL) Open Radio Access Networks(O-RAN) Flexible Radio access network Intelligent Controller(FRIC) external Applications(xApps) Machine Learning(ML),sixth generation(6G)

Antimalarial drug artesunate affords protection against carrageenan induced acute inflammation in rat

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bIOCELL 2014年第1期38卷 1-5页

作者： Vijay L.kumar.b.GURUPRASAD Priyanka CHAUDHARY Department of Pharmacology All India Institute of Medical SciencesAnsari NagarNew Delhi-110029India Department of Plant Molecular biology Delhi University South CampusBenito Juarez RoadDhaula KuanNew Delhi-110021India.

Artesunate, an antimalarial drug, has been shown to inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators in various disease conditions. The present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-edematogenic effect of arte- sunate in the rat paw edema model. Inflammation was induced in the hind paw of rat by sub-plantar injection of 0.1 mL of 0.5% carrageenan and the paw volume was measured up to a fixed mark just before the injection and then after 3 h. The difference in two volumes gave a measure of edema formation. At 3h the level of TNF-α, PGE_(2) and myeloperoxidase were estimated in the inflamed paw tissue. Treatment of rats with single dose of artesunate at 50 and 150 mg/kg produced a dose-dependent inhibition in paw inflammation where a significant reduction in edema volume and mediator release was observed. Our study shows that by inhibiting the release of inflam- matory mediators artesunate affords protection against acute inflammation induced in the rat paw and suggests that it has a potential to be used in the treatment of inflammatory disease conditions.

关键词： Artesunate edema myeloperoxidase TNF-α PGE_(2)

Nature of the Crust below the Achankovil Shear Zone,India based on Gravity Data

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 200-201页

作者： Niraj kumar A.P.Singh b.Singh National Geophysical Research Institute Room No.208Gravity Magnetic Study Group

Evolutionary history of continents and supercontinents, and their implications on solid earth processes, require an understanding of the growth of the continental crust through time and *** zones are the remnant regions inherited by Proterozoic tectonics between amalgamated terranes and the long-lived shear systems are commonly assumed to represent such *** such often debated is the

关键词： southern granulite terrane Achankovil shear zone terrane boundary gravity anomaly intracratonic litho-tectonic feature

Severe cytomegalovirus infections in immunocompetent patients at admission as dengue mimic:Successful treatment with intravenous ganciclovir

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第11期5卷 920-922页

作者： Suhasini Tirumala bijayini behera Shilpa Lingala b.Vijay kumar Pradeep kumar Mishra Gurunath JM HariCharan Kartik Naresh Yashoda Hospital SecunderabadIndia

Cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in immunosuppressed *** incidence and association of CMV reactivation with adverse clinical outcomes in critically ill persons lacking evidence of immunosuppression at ICU admission has received great attention in the practice of critical care *** ill patients in ICU who had associated risk factors such as mechanical ventilation,severe sepsis, or blood transfusion are more prone to CMV activation,which in turn led to increased mortality and morbidity in tenns of increased ICU stay,longer duration of mechanical ventilation,and higher rates of nosocomial ***,severe CMV as initial presentation mimicking dengue infection is *** recently came across seven cases with positive CMV serology at ICU admission,which we discuss in the light of current literature.

关键词： Cytomegalovirus Immunosuppression Dengue Mimicking Ganciclovir

The Development of Efficient Plant Promoters for Transgene Expression Employing Plant Virus Promoters

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 941-944页

作者： Sunita Patro Deepak kumar Rajiv Ranjan Indu b.Maiti Nrisingha Dey Institute of Life Sciences Department of BiotechnologyGovernment of IndiaNalco SquareChandrasekherpurBhubaneswar 751023OrissaIndia Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40546-0236USA

Dear Editor, The structure of eukaryotic promoter is modular, consisting of different sub-domains （benfey et al., 1990）. Cross-talk among these sub-domains and effective combinatorial interac- tions between the specific cis-element/s with respective trans- factor/s usually control the strength and tissue specificity of the promoter. Further, specificity/inducibility of promoter can be modified by altering its genetic architecture through ＇cis-rearrangement＇（Rushton et al., 2002） and ＇swapping of sub-domains＇（bhullar et al., 2003）. The fundamental motiva- tion behind developing such modified promoters lies in thebelief that the swapping/shuffling of the upstream activation sequences carrying a specific set of cis-elements that bind to a particular trans-factor from one promoter to the other con- taininq a TATA seauence that miaht result in a novel chimericregu!atory module,

关键词： GENE expression in plants PROMOTERS (Genetics) GENE expression CHARTS, diagrams, etc. CHIMERIC nucleic acids PLANT molecular virology GENOMICS

Effects of clump spacing on nutrient distribution and root activity of Dendrocalamus strictus in the humid region of Kerala,peninsular India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第6期28卷 1133-1144页

作者： b. H. Kittur K. Sudhakara b. Mohan kumar T. K. Kunhamu P. Sureshkumar Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry College of Forestry Kerala Agricultural UniversityVellanikkara Thrissur Kerala 680656 India School of Ecology and Environment Studies Nalanda University Rajgir District Nalanda Bihar 803116 India Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Radio-tracer Laboratory College of Horticulture Kerala Agricultural University Vellanikkara ThrissurKerala 680656 India

The humid agroclimatic conditions of Kerala,India permit the cultivation of an array of bamboo species of which Dendrocalamus strictus Roxb.(Nees.) is an important one on account of its high growth rate and multiple uses. Stand density, a potential tool in controlling the productivity of woody ecosystems, its effect on growth and root distribution patterns may provide a better understanding of productivity optimization especially when bamboo-based intercropping options are *** attributes of 7-year-old bamboo(D. strictus) stands managed at variable spacing(4×4 m, 6×6 m, 8×8 m,10×10 m, 12×12 m) were studied. Functional root activity among bamboo clumps were also studied using a radio tracer soil injection method in which the radio isotopeP was applied to soil at varying depths and lateral distances from the clump. Results indicate that spacing exerts a profound influence on growth of bamboo. Widely spaced bamboo exhibited higher clump diameters and crown widths while clump heights were better under closer spacing. Clump height was 30% lower and DbH 52%higher at the widest spacing(12×12 m) compared to the closest spacing(4×4 m). With increasing soil depth and lateral distance, root activity decreased significantly. Root activity near the clump base was highest(809 counts per minute, cpm; 50 cm depth and 50 cm lateral distance) at 4×4 m. Tracer study further showed wider distribution of root activity with increase in clump spacing. It may be concluded that the intensive foraging zone of bamboo is within a 50-cm radius around the clump irrespective of spacing. N, P and K content in the upper 20 cm was 2197,21, and 203 kg/ha respectively for the closely spaced bamboo(4×4 m) which were significantly higher than corresponding nutrient content at wider spacings. About 50% of N, P and K were present within the 0–20 cm soil layer, which decreased drastically beyond the 20 cm *** results suggest that stand management practices through planting density regula

关键词： bamboo Clump spacing Functional root activity Radio tracer 32P Soil nutrients