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Canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling: Multilayered mediators, signaling mechanisms and major signaling crosstalk

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 103-134页

作者： Kevin Qin Michael Yu Jiaming Fan Hongwei Wang Piao Zhao Guozhi Zhaoo Wei Zeng Connie Chen Yonghui Wang Annie Wang Zander Schwartz Jeffrey Hong lily Song William Wagstaff Rex C.Haydon Hue H.luu Sherwin H.Ho Jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-Chuan He lewis l.shi Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Interventional Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China Department of Clinical laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China School of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA

Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and *** Wnt ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via binding to Frizzled receptors and lRP5/6 coreceptors and transducing the signal either throughβ-catenin in the canonical pathway or through a series of other proteins in the nonca-nonical *** of the individual components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling have additional functions throughout the body,establ.shing the complex interplay between Wnt signaling and other signaling *** crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways gives Wnt signaling a vital role in many cellular and organ ***-regulation of this system has been implicated in many diseases affecting a wide array of organ systems,including cancer and embryological defects,and can even cause embryonic *** complexity of this system and its interacting proteins have made Wnt signaling a target for many therapeutic ***,both stimulatory and inhibitory treatments come with potential risks that need to be *** review synthesized much of the current knowl-edge on the Wnt signaling pathway,beginning with the history of Wnt *** thoroughly described the different variants of Wnt signaling,including canonical,noncanonical Wnt/PCP,and the noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+*** description involved each of its components and their involvement in other cellular ***,this review explained the various other pathways and processes that crosstalk with Wnt signaling.

关键词： β-catenin Canonical Wnt Noncanonical Wnt Signal transduction Signaling crosstalk

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Double-Side Friction Stir Welds Between Medium-Thick 6061-T6 Aluminum and Pure Copper Plates

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2022年第12期35卷 2027-2046页

作者： J.X.Tang l.shi C.S.Wu M.X.Wu S.Gao MOE Key lab for liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Materials Processing Institute of Materials JoiningShandong UniversityJinan 250061China State Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute Zhengzhou 450052China School of Mechanical Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353China

It is difficult to achieve Al/Cu dissimilar welds with good mechanical properties for medium-thick plates due to the inherent high heat generation rate at the shoulder-workpiece contact interface in conventional friction stir ***,doubleside friction stir welding is innovatively applied to join 12-mm medium-thick 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and pure copper dissimilar plates,and the effect of welding speeds on the joint microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Cu welds is systematically *** reveals that a sound Al/Cu joint without macroscopic defects can be achieved when the welding speed is lower than 180 mm/min,while a nonuniform relatively thick intermetallic compound(IMC)layer is formed at the Al/Cu interface,resulting in lots of local microcracks within the first-pass weld under the plunging force of the tool during friction stir welding of the second-pass,and seriously deteriorates the mechanical properties of the *** the increase of welding speed to more than 300 mm/min void defects appear in the joint,but the joint properties are still better than the welds performed at low welding speed conditions since a continuous uniform thin IMCs layer is formed at the Al/Cu *** maximum tensile strength and elongation of Al/Cu weld are,respectively,135.11 MPa and 6.06%,which is achieved at the welding speed of 400 mm/*** addition,due to the influence of welding distortion of the first-pass weld,the secondpass weld is more prone to form void defects than the first-pass weld when the same plunge depth is applied on both *** double-side friction stir welding is proved to be a good method for dissimilar welding of medium-thick Al/Cu plates.

关键词： Double-side friction stir welding Medium-thick plate Dissimilar welding Microstructures Intermetallic compounds Mechanical properties

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Toward developing Ti alloys with high fatigue crack growth resistance by additive manufacturing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第1期132卷 166-178页

作者： F.Wang l.M.lei X.Fu l.shi X.M.luo Z.M.Song G.P.Zhang Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201306China

Fatigue crack growth behaviors were investigated by three-point bending tests for TA19 alloy fabricated by laser metal deposition and four kinds of heat-treated *** crack growth resistance of the TA19 samples in the near-threshold regime and Paris regime was evaluated through the experimental characterization and theoretical analysis of the interaction between fatigue crack andα/βphase inter-face,columnar prior-βgrain boundary and colony *** results show that in the near-threshold regime,the fatigue crack propagation threshold and resistance increase with the increase of widths of lamellarαp phases and colonies,and the decrease of the number ofαlaths with an angle(ϕ)relative to the applied stress direction ranging from 75°to 90°.In the Paris regime,the fatigue cracking path can be deflected at colony boundaries or columnar prior-βgrain *** larger the deflection angle,the more tortuous the cracking path and the lower the fatigue crack growth *** angle(γ)of the columnar prior-βgrain growth direction relative to the build direction affects not onlyϕof differentαvariants,but also the fatigue cracking path deflection angle(θij)at columnar prior-βgrain *** optimal combination ofγ=0°-15°-0°-15°for several adjacent columnar prior-βgrains is derived from the theoretical analysis,and that can effectively avoidϕbeing in the range from 75°to 90°and makeθij as large as *** findings provide a guide for the selection of scanning strategies and process parameters to additively manufacture Ti alloys with high fatigue damage tolerance.

关键词： Ti alloy Fatigue crack growth Additive manufacturing Phase interface Grain boundary

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回肠克罗恩病影像学狭窄和内镜下狭窄的临床结果区分

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国际医学放射学杂志 2024年第1期 124-124页

作者： l.shi Y.Wang X.Shen R.Mao J.Meng S.Huang 李桂来

摘要目的克罗恩病（CD）中基于不同定义的肠管狭窄的临床不良后果（CAO）的差异很少有文献报道。研究旨在比较回肠CD的CAO，影像学狭窄（RS）和内镜下狭窄（ES），并

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Enhancing force sensing in a squeezed optomechanical system with quantum nondemolition measurement

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第1期76卷 49-60页

作者： shi-lei Chao Zi-Hao li Xin-You lü School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology430074 WuhanChina

A theoretical scheme is proposed to enhance the sensitivity of force sensors with quantum nondemolition measurement(QND)in an optomechanical setup assisted by four-tone optical driving and an optical parametric amplifier(OPA).With the help of special drive,the system can be simplified as the typical type of QND for force sensing,so that the backaction noise can be evaded to surpass the standard quantum ***,the added noise can be suppressed owing to the modified optical susceptibility resulting from the *** introducing two oscillators coupling with two charged bodies respectively,the signal can be enhanced with the nonlinearity caused by Coulomb interaction,while the noise presents an exponential ***,considering the homodyne detection effect,the range of system parameters and frequency bands will be *** present investigation may provide a route toward simultaneously evading backaction noise,reducing the mechanical thermal noise,and enhancing the external signal,which can be an alternative design for sensitive devices.

关键词： force sensing optical parametric amplifier quantum non-demolition measurement optomechanical system

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Effects of Polymer Coating on the Properties of Surface layer Concrete

Effects of Polymer Coating on the Properties of Surface Laye...

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2011中国材料研讨会

作者： l.shi,J.Z.liu,J.P.liu

Polymer coating is progressively being used in fields of concrete curing and concrete surface *** there is rare study been performed to investigate the effects of polymer coating on the properties of surface layer *** effects of polymer coating on shrinkage,mechanical property,carbonation,capillary absorption and chloride ion diffusion of surface layer concrete were *** results show that polymer coating can obviously reduce shrinkage of surface layer mortar.A thicker polymer coating gets a greater shrinkage reducing ratio at early *** coating can improve the early age strength of surface layer mortar compared with the specimens cured under standard ***,the carbonation resistance of surface layer concrete,as well as the infiltration resistance of surface layer mortar can be improved by polymer *** results also demonstrate that the capillary absorption ratio of mortar coated with polymer can be reduced by 87% and 78% respectively when compared with dry and standard curing *** the same way,polymer coating has an improvement effect on chloride ion diffusion resistance of surface layer concrete.

关键词： polymer coating shrinkage carbonation capillary absorption chloride ion diffusion

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The versatile functions of Sox9 in development,stem cells,and human diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2014年第2期1卷 149-161页

作者： Alice Jo Sahitya Denduluri Bosi Zhang Zhongliang Wang liangjun Yin Zhengjian Yan Richard Kang lewis l.shi James Mok Michael J.lee Rex C.Haydon Molecular Oncology laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400046China

The transcription factor Sox9 was first discovered in patients with campomelic dysplasia,a haploinsufficiency disorder with skeletal deformities caused by dysregulation of Sox9 expression during *** then,its role as a cell fate determiner during embryonic development has been well characterized;Sox9 expression differentiates cells derived from all three germ layers into a large variety of specialized tissues and ***,recent data has shown that ectoderm-and endoderm-derived tissues continue to express Sox9 in mature organs and stem cell pools,suggesting its role in cell maintenance and specification during adult *** versatility of Sox9 may be explained by a combination of posttranscriptional modifications,binding partners,and the tissue type in which it is *** its importance during both development and adult life,it follows that dysregulation of Sox9 has been implicated in various congenital and acquired diseases,including fibrosis and *** review provides a summary of the various roles of Sox9 in cell fate specification,stem cell biology,and related human ***,understanding the mechanisms that regulate Sox9 will be crucial for developing effective therapies to treat disease caused by stem cell dysregulation or even reverse organ damage.

关键词： Development Sox9 Stem cells Transcription factor

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Sox9 augments BMP2-induced chondrogenic differentiation by downregulating Smad7 in mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)

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Genes & Diseases 2017年第4期4卷 229-239页

作者： Chen Zhao Wei Jiang Nian Zhou Junyi liao Mingming Yang Ning Hu Xi liang Wei Xu Hong Chen Wei liu lewis l.shi leonardo Oliveira Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Sherwin Ho Aravind Athiviraham H.M.Tsai Tong-Chuan He Wei Huang Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Molecular Oncology laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Radiology The University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA

Cartilage injuries caused by arthritis or trauma pose formidable challenges for effective clinical management due to the limited intrinsic proliferative capability of *** stem cell-based therapies and transgene-enhanced cartilage tissue engineering may open new avenues for the treatment of cartilage *** morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2)induces effective chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and can thus be explored as a potential therapeutic agent for cartilage defect ***,BMP2 also induces robust endochondral *** the precise mechanisms through which BMP2 governs the divergence of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis remain to be fully understood,blocking endochondral ossification during BMP2-induced cartilage formation may have practical significance for cartilage tissue ***,we investigate the role of Sox9-donwregulated Smad7 in BMP2-induced chondrogenic differentiation of *** find that overexpression of Sox9 leads to a decrease in BMP2-induced Smad7 expression in ***9 inhibits BMP2-induced expression of osteopontin while enhancing the expression of chondrogenic marker Col2a1 in *** expression of Sox9 in MSCs promotes BMP2-induced chondrogenesis and suppresses BMP2-induced endochondral *** Smad7 expression inhibits BMP2-induced chondrogenesis in stem cell implantation *** limb explant assay reveals that Sox9 expands BMP2-stimulated chondrocyte proliferating zone while Smad7 promotes BMP2-intitated hypertrophic zone of the growth *** cycle analysis indicates that Smad7 induces significant early apoptosis in BMP2-stimulated *** together,our results strongly suggest that Sox9 may facilitate BMP2-induced chondrogenesis by downregulating Smad7,which can be exploited for effective cartilage tissue engineering.

关键词： Bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2) Cartilage tissue engineering Chondrogenic differentiation Endochondral ossification Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) Smad7 Sox9

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Competitive interactions and coexistence of sympatric flagship carnivores in Asia

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 183-199页

作者： Zhilin lI Jiayu lU Xiaoyi shi li’an DUO James l.D.SMITH Tianming WANG Tianjin Key laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity College of Life SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina Department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Ministry of Education Key laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key laboratory for Conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and leopard BeijingChina

Understanding the competition and coexistence of flagship carnivores is key to creating strategies for their conservation in the face of global carnivore *** studies exploring the dynamics and competition between tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(***)span decades,there is a lack of understanding regarding the factors that influence their coexistence mechanisms on a broad scale,as well as the drivers determining their exploitative and interference *** gathered a comprehensive list of research papers among which 36 papers explored the interspecific interactions between tigers and leopards and tested the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the coexistence mechanisms along three dimensions using multiple response variables regression models;we also tested the influence of ecological drivers determining the exploitative or interference competition between tigers and *** and ungulate density were the most important predictors in regulating the coexistence *** and leopards exhibited more positive relations/higher overlaps as elevation increased in the spatial *** addition,they showed a higher dietary overlap in the prey-rich *** determined that interference competition between tigers and leopards was less frequently observed in habitats with dense tree cover and homogeneous vegetation ***,studies with multiple metrics would promote the detection of interference *** study provides new insight into the competitive interactions and coexistence mechanisms of tigers and leopards on a broad ***-makers and managers should pay more attention to the factors of elevation,prey abundance,and habitat structures for the conservation of tigers and leopards.

关键词： carnivores coexistence mechanisms competitive interactions exploitative competition interference competition

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CONVERGENCE ANAlYSIS OF NONCONFORMING QUADRIlATERAl FINITE ElEMENT METHODS FOR NONlINEAR COUPlED SCHRODINGER-HElMHOlTZ EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第4期42卷 979-998页

作者： Dongyang shi Houchao Zhang School of Mathematics and Statistics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

The focus of this paper is on two novel linearized Crank-Nicolson schemes with nonconforming quadrilateral finite element methods(FEMs)for the nonlinear coupled Schrodinger-Helmholtz *** l^(2) and H^(1) estimates of orders O(h^(2)+τ^(2))and O(h^(2)+τ^(2))are derived respectively without any grid-ratio condition through the following two *** is that a time-discrete system is introduced to split the error into the temporal error and the spatial error,which leads to optimal temporal error estimates of order O(τ^(2))in l^(2) and the broken H^(1)-norms,as well as the uniform boundness of numerical solutions in l^(∞) *** other is that a novel projection is utilized,which can iron out the difficulty of the existence of the consistency *** leads to derive optimal spatial error estimates of orders O(h^(2))in l^(2)-norm and O(h)in the broken H^(1)-norm under the H^(2) regularity of the solutions for the time-discrete *** last,two numerical examples are provided to confirm the theoretical ***,h is the subdivision parameter,and τ is the time step.

关键词： Schrodinger-Helmholtz equations Nonconforming FEMs linearized Crank-Nicolson scheme Optimal error estimates

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