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Spatial transcriptomics combined with single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals glial cell heterogeneity in the human spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3302-3316页

作者： Yali Chen Yiyong Wei Jin liu Tao Zhu Cheng zhou Donghang Zhang Department of Anesthesiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City(Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)ShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Glial cells play crucial roles in regulating physiological and pathological functions,including sensation,the response to infection and acute injury,and chronic neurodegenerative *** cells include astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system,and satellite glial cells and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous *** the greater understanding of glial cell types and functional heterogeneity achieved through single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing in animal models,few studies have investigated the transcriptomic profiles of glial cells in the human spinal ***,we used high-throughput single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to map the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the human spinal *** explore the conservation and divergence across species,we compared these findings with those from *** the human spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were each divided into six distinct transcriptomic *** the mouse spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were divided into five,four,and five distinct transcriptomic subclusters,*** comparative results revealed substantial heterogeneity in all glial cell types between humans and ***,we detected sex differences in gene expression in human spinal cord glial ***,in all astrocyte subtypes,the levels of NEAT1 and CHI3l1 were higher in males than in females,whereas the levels of CST3 were lower in males than in *** all microglial subtypes,all differentially expressed genes were located on the sex *** addition to sex-specific gene differences,the levels of MT-ND4,MT2A,MT-ATP6,MT-CO3,MT-ND2,MT-ND3,and MT-CO_(2) in all spinal cord oligodendrocyte subtypes were higher in females than in ***,the present dataset extensively characterizes glial cell heterogeneity and offers a valuable resource for explo

关键词： astrocyte glial cell human microglia oligodendrocyte sex differentiation single-nucleus RNA sequencing spatial transcriptomics species variation spinal cord

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A FlExIBlE PRECONDITIONED ARNOlDI METHOD FOR SHIFTED lINEAR SYSTEMS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2007年第5期25卷 522-530页

作者： G.-D. Gu x.-l. zhou lei lin Department of Applied Mathematics Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Shanghai 200433 China Department of Mathematics Shanghai University Shanghai 200436 China

We are interested in the numerical solution of the large nonsymmetric shifted linear system, （A ＋ αI）x -= b, for many different values of the shift a in a wide range. We apply the Saad＇s flexible preconditioning technique to the solution of the shifted systems. Such flexible preconditioning with a few parameters could probably cover all the shifted systems with the shift in a wide range. Numerical experiments report the effectiveness of our approach on some problems.

关键词： Shifted linear systems 65F10 65Y20. Arnoldi method Flexible preconditioning

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Morphology Control and Optical Absorption Properties of Ag Nanoparticles by Ion Implantation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第5期25卷 669-672页

作者： G.x. Cai F. Ren x.H. xiao l.x. Fan x.D. zhou C.Z. Jiang Key laboratory of Acoustic and Photonie Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

Ion implantation is a powerful method for fabricating nanoparticles in dielectric. For the actual application of nanoparticle composites, a careful control of nanoparticles has to be achieved. In this letter, the size, distribution and morphology of Ag nanoparticles are controlled by controlling the ion current density, ion implantation sequence and ion irradiation dose. Single layer Ag nanoparticles are formed by Ag^＋ ion implantation at current density of 2.5 μ^A/cm2. By Ag and Cu ions sequential implantation, the size of single layer Ag nanoparticles increases. While, by Cu and Ag ions sequential implantation, uniform Ag nanoparticles with wide distribution are formed. The morphology of Ag nanoparticles changes to hollow and sandwiched nanoparticles by Cu^＋ ion irradiation to doses of 3×10^16 and 5×10^16 ions/cm^2. The optical absorption properties of Ag nanoparticles are also tailored by these ways.

关键词： Nanoparticles Ion implantation Transmission electron microscopy

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EFFECTS OF Zn CONCENTRATION ON WETTABIlITY OF Sn-Zn AllOY ON Cu AND ON THE INTERFACIAl MICROSTRUCTURE BETWEEN Sn-Zn AllOY AND Cu

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2006年第4期19卷 251-257页

作者： H.Z. Huang x.Q. Wei l. zhou x.D. liu G.l. Guo School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang University Nanchang 330047 China East China Institute of Technology Fuzhou 344000 China

The potential of using a hypoeutectic, instead of eutectic, Sn-Zn alloy as a lead-free solder has been discussed. The nonequilibrium melting behaviors of a series of Sn-Zn alloys were examined by differential thermal analysis. It was found that at a heating rate of 5℃/min, *** exhibited no melting range. Dipping and spreading tests were carried out to characterize the wettability of Sn-Zn alloys on Cu. Both tests exhibited that Sn-6.5Zn has significantly better wettability on Cu than Sn-9Zn. The reaction layers formed during the spreading tests were examined. When the Zn concentration fell between 2.5wt%-9wt%, two reaction layers were formed at the interface, a thick and flat Cu5Zn8 adjacent to Cu and a thin and irregular Cu-Zn-Sn layer adjacent to the alloy. Only a Cu0Sn5 layer was formed when the Zn concentration decreased to 0.5wt%. The total thickness of the reaction layer（s） between the alloy and Cu was found to increase linearly with the Zn concentration.

关键词： lead-free solder Sn-Zn alloy wettability interface intermetallic compound

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NANOSIZE EFFECT IN GRAIN BOUNDARY MIGRATION OF COPPER

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2004年第1期17卷 11-15页

作者： l.zhou x.Q.Wei N.G.zhou D.G.li School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330047ChinaSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang 330047ChinaSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang 330047ChinaCentral Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100083China

Molecular dynamics simulations of high temperature annealing of copper bicrystals have been carried out. The bicrystals have planar grain boundaries, and the gain size varies in nano range. An EAM (embedded atom method) potential of FS type is used for calculating the interatomic forces. The results show that in nanocrystalline copper, GB migration driven by inter-GB reaction can take place. A critical grain size is identified, below which the inter-GB reaction becomes strong enough to trigger GB motion, which accelerates rapidly and leads to annihilation of the grain boundaries. The critical size is found to be 16 atomic radii. A "through intermediate grain mechanism" is identified for the nano-grain boundary motion observed, which is never reported for GB migrations of conventional polycrystalline metals.

关键词： grain boundary migration nanocrystal copper

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In situ TEM investigation of electron irradiation and aging-induced high-density nanoprecipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.lv H.l.Ge Q.Q.Jin x.H.Shao Y.T.zhou B.Zhang x.l.Ma Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce high-density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K,wt.%)alloy to improve the *** results show that the hardness of the Mg alloy after irradiation for 10 h and aging for 9 h at 250℃ is 1.64 GPa,which is approximately 64% higher than that of the samples before being *** is mainly attributed to γ'precipitates on the basal plane after irradiation and the high-density nanoscale β'precipitates on the prismatic plane after aging,which should be closely related to the irradiation-induced homogenous *** latter plays a key role in precipitation *** result paves a way to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials by tailoring the precipitation through irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg alloy Electron beam irradiation Hardening Precipitates In-situ TEM

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Formation of β' phase in lPSO structures in an Mg88Co5Y7 alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第1期10卷 175-182页

作者： Q.Q.Jin x.H.Shao Y.T.zhou B.Zhang S.J.Zheng x.l.Ma Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua Road110016 ShenyangChina Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China School of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute for Energy Equipment MaterialsHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China

Formation of β’ phase in long-period stacking ordered(lPSO) structures in an Mg;Co;Y;(at.%) alloy after aging at 200 °C for 24 h or electron beam(EB) irradiation has been studied by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy(HAADFSTEM). β’ phase was precipitated only in the Mg matrix but not in lPSO structures after aging at 200 °C for 24 h. lPSO structure containing stacking defects transforms into the β’-long phase during EB irradiation, which plays a key role in accelerating solute atoms’ diffusion. New complex β’(lPSO) structures formed in the alloy after EB irradiation, such as β’(12 H) structure with an orthorhombic lattice(Mg;Y, Cmcm,a = 2 _(a0)= 0.642 nm, b=4√3_(a0), c = 6 _(c0)= 3.12 nm).

关键词： Magnesium alloys long-period stacking ordered(lPSO)structure HAADF-STEM β’phase

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Reliability-based multidisciplinary design optimization using incremental shifting vector strategy and its application in electronic product design

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2018年第2期34卷 285-302页

作者： Z.l.Huang Y.S.zhou C.Jiang J.Zheng x.Han School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hunan City University State Key laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan University

Use of multidisciplinary analysis in reliabilitybased design optimization(RBDO) results in the emergence of the important method of reliability-based multidisciplinary design optimization(RBMDO). To enhance the efficiency and convergence of the overall solution process,a decoupling algorithm for RBMDO is proposed ***, to decouple the multidisciplinary analysis using the individual disciplinary feasible(IDF) approach, the RBMDO is converted into a conventional form of RBDO. Secondly,the incremental shifting vector(ISV) strategy is adopted to decouple the nested optimization of RBDO into a sequential iteration process composed of design optimization and reliability analysis, thereby improving the efficiency significantly. Finally, the proposed RBMDO method is applied to the design of two actual electronic products: an aerial camera and a car pad. For these two applications, two RBMDO models are created, each containing several finite element models(FEMs) and relatively strong coupling between the involved disciplines. The computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) Multidisciplinary design optimization(MDO) Incremental shifting vector(ISV) Decoupling algorithm Electronic product

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THEORETICAl STUDY OF GIANT MAGNETO-IMPEDANCE IN AMORPHOUS FIlMS WITH lONGITUDINAl MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2000年第4期13卷 995-1000页

作者： Yu, J.Q. zhou, Y. Cai, B.C. Zhao, x.l. Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Shanghai China

Giant magneto-impedance (MI) effect in thin films with longitudinal magnetic anisotropy was studied theoretically. The effective permeability of films as a function of external magnetic field Ha, anisotropy field and other parameters of films was presented by landau-lifshitz-Gilbert theory. The theoretical results agree well with the experimental data, which shows a strong dependence of the impedance on the applied magnetic field.

关键词： Electric currents Magnetic anisotropy Magnetic fields Skin effect

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Formation and Dissociation of Bamboo-like ErD_2/ErD_3 Grains

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第11期29卷 1101-1103页

作者： J.H.liang H.H.Shen S.M.Peng x.G.long x.S.zhou l.Yang x.T.Zu Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics School of Physical Electronics University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

The formation and dissociation of Er deuteride grains were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, in-situ x-ray diffraction and thermal desorption spectroscopy. Pure Er film shows classic columnar structure, while the Er deuteride film was observed as bamboo-like morphology. The in-situ x-ray diffraction results demonstrate that the diffraction peaks of 27.39°, 28.43°, 31.71°, and 39.95° are ascribed to the crystal planes of （002）, （110）, （111）, and （112） of ErD3 phase, respectively. It is also confirmed that by in-situ x-ray diffraction technique, ErD3 grains would be dissociated at temperature exceeding 400 ℃. This result is consistent with the conclusion obtained by thermal desorption spectroscopy.

关键词： Erbium deuteride Bamboo-like morphology ErD3 Phase transformation x-ray diffraction

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