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Variational data encoding and correlations in quantum-enhanced machine learning

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 298-306页

作者： Ming-Hao Wang Hua l¨u School of Physics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China School of Science Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China

leveraging the extraordinary phenomena of quantum superposition and quantum correlation,quantum computing offers unprecedented potential for addressing challenges beyond the reach of classical *** paper tackles two pivotal challenges in the realm of quantum computing:firstly,the development of an effective encoding protocol for translating classical data into quantum states,a critical step for any quantum *** encoding strategies can significantly influence quantum computer ***,we address the need to counteract the inevitable noise that can hinder quantum *** primary contribution is the introduction of a novel variational data encoding method,grounded in quantum regression algorithm *** adapting the learning concept from machine learning,we render data encoding a learnable *** allowed us to study the role of quantum correlation in data *** numerical simulations of various regression tasks,we demonstrate the efficacy of our variational data encoding,particularly post-learning from instructional ***,we delve into the role of quantum correlation in enhancing task performance,especially in noisy *** findings underscore the critical role of quantum correlation in not only bolstering performance but also in mitigating noise interference,thus advancing the frontier of quantum computing.

关键词： quantum machine learning variational data encoding quantum correlation

In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： S.Cankat M.u.Demael l.Swadling Division of Infection and Immunity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

Members of the coronaviridae family are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent *** this review,we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ultimate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus *** will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2,MERS-CoV and the four seasonal coronaviruses(HCoV-OC43,Nl63,HKu1 and 229E)in humans and the potential for future zoonotic *** will highlight how first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine *** will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer ***,we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.

关键词： Vaccine Coronavirus Cross-reactive immunity Cross-protection universal

Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene Navarro-lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel F.lópez-Aranda Juan F.lópez-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar u.khan laboratory of Neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDNF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

Exact solutions for magnetohydrodynamic nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a permeable axisymmetric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： u.S.Mahabaleshwar G.P.Vanitha l.M.Pérez Emad H.Aly I.Pop Department of Studies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Department of Mathematics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked *** the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is *** resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity *** transformed differential equations are solved *** of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted *** skin friction and Nusselt number were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/H_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid stretching/shrinking sheet axisymmetric flow analytical solution suction/injection

Risk of infection with arboviruses in a healthy population in Pakistan based on seroprevalence

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第3期39卷 369-377页

作者： Shengyao Chen Muhammad Saqib Hafiz Sajid khan Yuan Bai usman Ali Ashfaq Muhammad Khalid Mansoor Abulimti Moming Jing liu Min Zhou Saifullah khan Niazi Qiaoli Wu Awais-ur-Rahman Sial Shuang Tang Muhammad Hassan Sarfraz Aneela Javed Sumreen Hayat Mohsin Khurshid Iahtasham khan Muhammad Ammar Athar Zeeshan Taj Bo Zhang Fei Deng Ali Zohaib Shu Shen Key laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040Pakistan The Children's Hospital Faisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan f Department of Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan Hubei Jiangxia laboratory Wuhan 430200China Key laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Armed Forces Institute of Pathology(AFIP) Rawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Clinical Studies Faculty of Veterinary&Animal SciencesPir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Institute of Microbiology Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan l Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences National University of Science and TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Clinical Sciences University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahore Sub-campusJhang 35200Pakistan Department of Molecular Pathology National Medical Center DHA Phase 1Karachi 75500Pakistan

Infectious diseases caused by arboviruses are a public health concern in ***,studies on data prevalence and threats posed by arboviruses are *** study investigated the seroprevalence of arboviruses in a healthy population in Pakistan,including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV),Tamdy virus(TAMV),and Karshi virus(KSIV)based on a newly established luciferase immunoprecipitation system(lIPS)assays,and Zika virus(ZIKV)by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ElISA).Neutralizing activities against these arboviruses were further examined from the antibody positive *** results showed that the seroprevalence of SFTSV,CCHFV,TAMV,KSIV,and ZIKV was 17.37%,7.58%,4.41%,1.10%,and 6.48%,respectively,and neutralizing to SFTSV(1.79%),CCHFV(2.62%),and ZIKV(0.69%)were identified,as well as to the SFTSV-related Guertu virus(GTV,0.83%).Risk factors associated with the incidence of exposure and levels of antibody response were ***,co-exposure to different arboviruses was demonstrated,as thirty-seven individuals were having antibodies against multiple viruses and thirteen showed neutralizing ***,individuals aged40 years,and outdoor workers had a high risk of exposure to *** these results reveal the substantial risks of infection with arboviruses in Pakistan,and indicate the threat from co-exposure to multiple *** findings raise the need for further epidemiologic investigation in expanded regions and populations and the necessity to improve health surveillance in Pakistan.

关键词： Arbovirus Pakistan Seroprevalence Tick-borne virus Mosquito-borne virus

On the detection of closed orbits in time-dependent systems by using double-pulse lasers

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第9期72卷 111-117页

作者： S u khan M l Du Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100190China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

In the photodetachment of atoms or negative ions by a double-pulse laser, the first pulse of the double-pulse laser generates waves and the delayed second pulse may detect them. The phenomenon of the excitation and detection of waves by a double-pulse laser can be used to identify the closed orbits in the system. We demonstrate this phenomenon with a negative hydrogen ion(H^-) by analyzing the total population excited by a double-pulse laser in a timedependent field for different physical parameters. By analyzing the total excited population using a double-pulse laser, we can uncover all the closed orbits existing in the system. We demonstrate that this can be realized by scanning the first pulse position and the time delay between the two pulses.

关键词： double-pulse laser detection of closed orbits photodetachment spectra time-dependent systems

巴基斯坦新特提斯构造–岩浆演化与重要金属成矿作用

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西北地质 2024年第3期57卷 154-176页

作者：洪俊张辉善吕鹏瑞 Tahseenullah khan Yasir Shaheen Khalil 王志华张海迪自然资源部岩浆作用成矿与找矿重点实验室中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心陕西西安710119 巴基斯坦巴利亚大学地球科学与环境学院巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡44000 巴基斯坦地质调查局巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡44000 长安大学资源学院陕西西安710054

巴基斯坦在大地构造位置上处于印度、欧亚和阿拉伯三大板块的汇聚带,正同时发生着大陆碰撞和大洋俯冲作用,是研究地球系统深部圈层相互作用与成矿效应的绝佳天然实验室。但是,目前对于巴基斯坦构造演化与成矿作用的研究还不系统,对于巴... 详细信息

巴基斯坦在大地构造位置上处于印度、欧亚和阿拉伯三大板块的汇聚带,正同时发生着大陆碰撞和大洋俯冲作用,是研究地球系统深部圈层相互作用与成矿效应的绝佳天然实验室。但是,目前对于巴基斯坦构造演化与成矿作用的研究还不系统,对于巴基斯坦的大型–超大型矿床形成的背景和机制仍不清楚。笔者针对巴基斯坦不同类型的优势矿种开展了深入解剖和对比研究,系统梳理最新研究进展,围绕巴基斯坦新特提斯构造–岩浆演化与成矿作用响应的关键科学问题,分析铜矿、铬铁矿、铅锌矿以及碳酸岩有关的稀土矿床等重要金属成矿类型形成的构造环境以及与区域重大地质事件的耦合关系,总结巴基斯坦区域成矿规律,为资源潜力分析和境内外找矿勘查提供依据。

关键词：新特提斯岩浆作用铬铁矿斑岩铜矿碳酸岩巴基斯坦

Mechanics and physics under supergravity conditions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第6期40卷 1-2页

作者： Chaofeng lü Chao Sun Shengqiang Cai Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China New Cornerstone Science laboratory Center for Combustion EnergyDepartment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa Jolla CA 92093USA

"Supergravity"refers to the conditions where the effective gravity is greater than that of *** conditions are generally relevant to stellar evolution,geophysical movement,astrophysical flows,and *** also frequently occur in various engineering scenarios involving acceleration,such as the launch of space shuttles,operation of rotor engines,impacts and explosions,chemical separation processes,and overloaded testing *** is already demonstrated in physiological experiments that living organisms of animals or plants could be damaged,either temporarily or permanently,when subjected to *** create supergravity conditions for scientific research on the Earth,centrifugal equipment or rapidly rotating devices are omnipresent in various fields,such as aerospace engineering,geophysical science,chemical and biomedical engineering,nuclear engineering,rotating flows,and physical modeling tests.

关键词： geophysical Earth stellar

Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationships in middle-order agriculture and forest streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： Matthew l.Skoog Michael A.Eggleton Yushun Chen Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Department of Natural Resources State Key laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences university of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historically been understudied compared to streams in other agricultural regions of the uSA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage composition were assessed seasonally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams located across three u.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** In general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P ulture and forest streams with respect to other physical and chemical variables were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and forest streams were structured primarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorophyll-a production. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained many regionally common species, though some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained more tolerant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. Overall, one-third of the fish specimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** Our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream land use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain