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Assessment of the crucial factors influencing the responses of ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions to controlled release nitrogen fertilizer: A meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第11期22卷 3549-3559页

作者： lü Hui-dan WANG Xi-ya pan Zhao-long ZHAO Shi-cheng State Key laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable land in Northern China/Key laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China

Reducing ammonia(NH3) and nitrous oxide(N2O) emissions have great effects on mitigating nitrogen(N) nutrient loss and greenhouse gas emissions. Controlled release urea(CRU) can control the N release rate, which reduces reactive N loss and increases nitrogen use efficiency relative to conventional urea(CU). However, the crucial factors influencing the responses of NH3and N2O emissions to CRU relative to CU are still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the responses of NH3and N2O emissions to CRU based on collected field data with a meta-analysis. CRU reduced the NH3and N2O emissions by 32.7 and 25.0% compared with CU, respectively. According to subgroup analysis, CRU presented better mitigation of NH3and N2O emissions in soils with pH 6.5–7.5(–47.9 and –23.7%) relative to either pH7.5(–29.3 and –17.3%), and in the rice season(–34.8 and –29.1%) relative to the wheat season(–19.8 and –22.8%). The responses of NH3and N2O emissions to CRU increased from rainfed(–30.5 and –17.0%) to irrigated(–32.5 and –22.9%), and then to paddy(–34.8 and –29.1%) systems. In addition, the response of N2O emission mitigation increased with increases in soil total nitrogen(TN);however, soil TN did not significantly affect the response of NH3volatilization. The reduction in NH3emission was greater in sandy-textured soil(–57.7%) relative to loam-textured(–32.9%) and clay-textured(–32.3%) soils, whereas soil texture did not affect N2O emission. Overall, CRU was a good option for reducing the NH3and N2O emissions relative to CU in agricultural production. This analysis improves our understanding of the crucial environmental and management factors influencing the mitigation of NH3and N2O emissions under CRU application, and these site-specific factors should be considered when applying CRU to reduce reactive N loss and increase NUE.

关键词： controlled release urea NH volatilization N O emission environmental factor management practice

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On the origin of microbial magnetoreception

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National Science Review 2020年第2期7卷 472-479页

作者： Wei lin Joseph l.Kirschvink Greig A.Paterson Dennis A.Bazylinski Yongxin pan Key laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutions of Earth Science Chinese Academy of Sciences France-China Joint laboratory for Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms Chinese Academy of Sciences Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Earth-life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of Earth Ocean and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool School of life Sciences University of Nevada at Las Vegas College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A broad range of organisms, from prokaryotes to higher animals, have the ability to sense and utilize Earth’s geomagnetic field—a behavior known as magnetoreception. Although our knowledge of the physiological mechanisms of magnetoreception has increased substantially over recent decades, the origin of this behavior remains a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. Despite this, there is growing evidence that magnetic iron mineral biosynthesis by prokaryotes may represent the earliest form of biogenic magnetic sensors on Earth. Here, we integrate new data from microbiology, geology and nanotechnology, and propose that initial biomineralization of intracellular iron nanoparticles in early life evolved as a mechanism for mitigating the toxicity of reactive oxygen species(ROS), as ultraviolet radiation and free-iron-generated ROS would have been a major environmental challenge for life on early Earth. This iron-based system could have later been co-opted as a magnetic sensor for magnetoreception in microorganisms, suggesting an origin of microbial magnetoreception as the result of the evolutionary process of exaptation.

关键词： magnetoreception biomineralization magnetotactic bacteria exaptation

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The fouling properties of SiO2-CaO-P2O5 system in high-temperature rotary kiln phosphoric acid process

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第7期28卷 1824-1831页

作者： pan Wu li lü Siyang Tang Changjun liu Hairong Yue Wei Jiang Bin liang low-carbon Technology and Chemical Reaction Engineering laboratory School of Chemical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Institute of New Energy and low-Carbon Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610207China

Kiln phosphoric acid(KPA)technology could produce P2O5 with high purity and has been applied in thermal phosphoric acid industry;however the formation of fouling in the high-temperature rotary kiln restricts the stable and long-term *** this paper,the reaction of phosphate ores with gaseous P2O5 was investigated in a high-temperature reactor,and the Ca O-SiO2-P2O5 ternary phase diagram was analyzed to understand the fouling formation *** results showed that the low-melting-point products,such as Ca(PO3)2and Ca2P2O7,are responsible for the fouling in the KPA *** addition,a small amount of impurities,e.g.,aluminum and iron,could facilitate the generation of the low-melting-point products and cause serious *** on the high-temperature SiO2-P2O5 and CaO-SiO2-P2O5 phase diagram analysis,the control of Si/Ca molar ratio(e.g.,Si/Ca=2.0)was found to avoid fouling formation in the *** results could provide the operation parameters of reaction temperature and feeds composition to suppress the fouling in the kiln reactor for the phosphoric acid production in industry.

关键词： Thermal phosphoric acid Kiln technology Fouling formation Phase diagram analysis

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Reaction behaviors of Pb and Zn sulfates during reduction roasting of Zn leaching residue and flotation of artificial sulfide minerals

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第3期28卷 358-366页

作者： Yong-xing Zheng Jilai Ning Wei liu pan-jin Hu Jin-fang lü Jie pang State Key laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Faculty of land Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

To evaluate the feasibility of recovering Pb and Zn sulfides and Ag-containing minerals from Zn leaching residue by the process of reduction roasting followed by flotation,the reaction behaviors of Pb and Zn sulfates during this process were *** analysis showed that the transformation ratios of PbSO4 and ZnSO4 could reach 65.51%and 52.12%,respectively,after reduction roasting,and the introduction of a sulfidation agent could improve the transformation ratios of these *** electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDS)revealed that temperature obviously affects the particle size,crystal growth,and morphology of the artificial Pb and Zn sulfide *** size analysis demonstrated that the particle size of the materials increases after *** tests revealed that a flotation concentrate composed of 12.01wt%Pb,27.78wt%Zn,and 6.975×10^(−2)wt%Ag with recoveries of 60.54%,29.24%,and 57.64%,respectively,could be obtained after roasting.

关键词： zinc leaching residue reduction roasting flotation Pb and Zn sulfates artificial sulfides

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Regenerative Role of Soil Seed Banks of Different Successional Stages in A Saline-alkaline Grassland in Northeast China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2018年第4期28卷 694-706页

作者： MA Hongyuan lI Jingpeng YANG Fan lü Xiaotao pan Yuepeng lIANG Zhengwei Da'an Sodic land Experiment Station Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China State Key laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary layer Physics and Atmospherie Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Soil seed banks can act as a potential seed source for natural revegetation and restoration. However, in a saline-alkaline grassland, it remains unclear how the stages of vegetation succession affect the characteristics of soil seed banks and the potential of soil seed banks of different successional stages for vegetation restoration. In this study, seasonal changes of the soil seed bank, and seed production and dispersal dynamics along degradation successional gradients were investigated in a saline-alkaline grassland in Northeast China, where the dominant grass during the 1960 s, leymus chinensis was replaced with the secondary successional order of Puccinellia chinampoensis, Chloris virgata, and Suaeda salsa, together with bare patches. It was found that the soil seed bank composition varied according to the changing vegetation and had the highest species richness(7–16) in the climax successional stage, but had a low S?rensen similarity(0.22–0.37) with the aboveground vegetation. There was a high seed density of the soil seed bank(21 062–62 166/m2 in August and December) and also high S?rensen similarity index values(0.47–0.60) in the secondary successional stages of P. chinampoensis, C. virgata, and S. salsa. In bare patches, there were many seeds in the soil seed bank and some seedlings also appeared in the aboveground vegetation, indicating the existence of a persistent soil seed bank. Seed density and species richness differed substantially among the different successional stages, which was related to the reproductive characteristics of the standing plants in vegetation communities. Due to the lack of propagules of perennial species, especially the climax species of l. chinensis, in the soil, the successful restoration of the degraded saline-alkaline grassland was not possible. The study proved that in a degraded saline-alkaline grassland dominated by biennial or annual species, the soil seed bank was important for the revegetation of the current dominant pla

关键词： soil seed bank seed dispersal ecological restoration phenology succession seed rain

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激光结合螺旋藻增强FeSO4诱导鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌铁死亡的发生机制

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食品科学 2025年第2期46卷 8-19页

作者：孙晋跃潘佳能陈奕颖刘人诚周文文浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院浙江杭州310058

为探究激光(laser,l)结合螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis,SP)增强FeSO4(Fe)诱导鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium,ST)和单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌(listeria monocytogenes,lM)铁死亡发生的机制,研究不同处理后菌体细胞脂质过氧化、活性氧、谷胱甘肽变化,形态特征、细胞膜损伤和关键基因的表达等。结果表明,经l结合SP处理后FeSO4的杀菌效果显著增强,且4 mmol/l Fe+SP+l处理后ST和lM的菌数均降低至lg(CFU/ml))。此外,Fe+SP+l处理使得微生物细胞的脂质过氧化水平和活性氧升高,谷胱甘肽的比例降低,菌体细胞膜完整性受到破坏,细胞膜的通透性增加,膜电位降低,进而导致菌体的核酸和蛋白泄漏增加,最终导致菌体死亡。此外,抑制生物被膜实验和生物被膜杀菌实验表明4 mmol/l Fe+SP+l处理对2种菌生物被膜的形成具有很好的控制作用。最后,4 mmol/l Fe+SP+l处理可使得生菜上ST和lM的数量分别显著降低至4.63(lg(CFU/g))和4.60(lg(CFU/g))。综上,Fe+SP+l处理可以显著降低游离状态和生物膜状态下ST和lM的数量,具有较好的控制生菜等食品表面食源性致病菌的潜力。

关键词：激光螺旋藻铁死亡脂质过氧化生物被膜

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Atmospheric boundary layer sources for upper tropospheric air over the Asian summer monsoon region

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science letters 2017年第5期10卷 358-363页

作者： FAN Qiu-Jun BIAN Jian-Chun pan laura l. Key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA

Previous satellite measurements and model simulations have shown that the Asian summer monsoon（ASM） anticyclone is co-located with higher concentrations of pollutants, which are emitted in the continental atmospheric boundary layer（ABl）. Backward trajectory calculations show that the air at the 150-hPa level has the maximum frequency of ABl sources within 30 days over the most intensive convection regions and their downwind areas, which are not located within the ASM anticyclone,but rather at the southern flank or periphery of the ASM anticyclone. The upper tropospheric airs originated from the ABl sources include two parts： one from the ocean, which has the dominant impact to the south of 20°N, particularly over the South China Sea（SCS） and the west tropical Pacific Ocean; and another from the continent, which is dominant between 10°N and 30°N, particularly over the Bay of Bengal（BoB）, continental India, the Arabian Sea, and the Arabian Peninsula. It is the latter part that forms the higher pollutant concentration within the ASM anticyclone as shown by satellite measurements. Air in the ABl sources（both polluted and unpolluted） converges to the intensive convection region in the lower troposphere, and then traverses the middle troposphere through a wide group of upward pipes, and finally to the upper troposphere. These pipes in the middle troposphere are defined by the ASM intensive convections and cover the south of continental India,the BoB, the Tibetan Plateau, the Indochina Peninsula, the SCS, and the Philippine Sea.

关键词： Atmospheric boundary layer source Asian summer monsoon anticyclone main pathway upper troposphere

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Evaluation of substrates for zinc negative electrode in acid PbO_2–Zn single flow batteries

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第4期24卷 529-534页

作者： Junli pan YuehuaWen Jie Cheng Junqing pan Shouli Bai Yusheng Yang State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Research Institute of Chemical Defence Beijing 100191 China

An investigation was performed on the suitability of carbon materials, metallic lead and its alloys as substrates for zinc negative electrode in acid PbO2-Zn single flow batteries. The zinc deposition process was carried out in the mediumofl mol.l 1H2SO4 at room temperature. No maximum current appears on the potentiostatic current transients for the zinc deposition on lead and its alloys. With increasing overpotential, the progressive nucleation turns to be a 3D-instantaneous nucleation process for the resin-graphite composite. Hydrogen evolution on the graphite composite is effectively suppressed with the doping of a polymer resin. The hydrogen evolution reaction on the lead is relatively weak, while on the lead alloys, it becomes serious to a certain degree. Although the ex- change current density of zinc deposition and dissolution process on the graphite composite is relatively low, the zinc corrosion is weakened to a great extent. With the increase of deposition time, zinc deposits are more compact. The cyclings of zinc galvanostatic charge-discharge on the graphite composite provide more than 90% of coulombic and 80% of energy efficiencies, and exhibit superior cycling stability during the first 10 cycles.

关键词： Acid single flow batteryZinc negative electrodeElectro-depositionSubstrate

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Compressive properties of a novel slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete reinforced with arc-shaped steel fibers

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2023年第6期24卷 543-556页

作者： Hedong lI Yabiao lI Yunfeng pan P.l.NG Christopher K.Y.lEUNG Xin ZHAO School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Faculty of Civil Engineering Vilnius Gediminas Technical UniversityVilnius LT-10223Lithuania Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou 310023China

Slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete(SIFCON)is a sort of strain hardening cement-based composite material,typically made with 5%–20%steel *** study focused on a novel type of SIFCON in which hooked-end steel fibers were replaced by arc-shaped steel *** quasi-static compressive properties of the SIFCON were first *** results suggested that using arc-shaped steel fibers in lieu of hooked-end steel fibers increased the quasi-static compressive strength by 47.1%and the strain at peak stress by 56.3%.We attribute these improvements to new crack-resisting mechanisms,namely“fiber crosslock”,“dual bridging”,and“confinement loops”,when the arc-shaped steel fibers are introduced into *** high impact resistance is a special property of SIFCON that is of practical significance,the dynamic compressive properties of arc-shaped steel fiber SIFCON were studied by using an 80-mm-diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB).The results showed that the dynamic compressive strength,dynamic increase factor(DIF),and dynamic toughness of SIFCON all increased with the strain *** SIFCON incorporating arc-shaped steel fibers proved to have significant advantages in structural applications requiring high impact resistance.

关键词： Slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete(SIFCON) Arc-shaped steel fiber Quasi-static compressive properties Spilt Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) Dynamic compressive properties

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经皮椎体成形联合椎弓根强化治疗重度骨质疏松性椎体骨折的有限元分析

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第15期29卷 3089-3094页

作者：李红桃潘泓宇雷杨肖常明西南医科大学附属中医医院脊柱外科四川省泸州市646000

背景:椎弓根内骨水泥灌注联合椎体成形已被用于治疗Kummell病和椎弓根溶骨性转移瘤等疾病,但该手术方式对相邻椎体及椎间盘的影响尚不明确。目的:应用三维有限元模型探讨经皮椎体成形联合椎弓根强化术治疗重度骨质疏松性椎体骨折对邻近... 详细信息

背景:椎弓根内骨水泥灌注联合椎体成形已被用于治疗Kummell病和椎弓根溶骨性转移瘤等疾病,但该手术方式对相邻椎体及椎间盘的影响尚不明确。目的:应用三维有限元模型探讨经皮椎体成形联合椎弓根强化术治疗重度骨质疏松性椎体骨折对邻近节段椎体以及椎间盘相关生物力学的影响。方法:选择1位已完成经皮椎体成形联合椎弓根强化术的重度骨质疏松性椎体骨折(l1)女性患者,并提取其术前及术后的CT文件,研究范围为T_(12)-l_(2)(包括伤椎、邻近椎体和椎间盘)。通过Mimics、SolidWorks和Geomagic等软件分别建立了术前、术后三维脊柱功能单元的有限元模型。在T_(12)上终板垂直方向加载500 N力矩和10 N·m旋转力矩,模拟前屈、后伸、侧屈和旋转等运动方位,分析手术前后相邻节段椎体终板和椎间盘的应力变化情况。结果与结论:①成功建立了术前和术后脊柱功能单元的三维有限元模型;②通过计算得出,在模拟载荷下,术后T_(12)下终板应力分布更均匀且最大应力值减小,与术前相比无显著差异(P>0.05);术后l_(2)上终板应力分布更均匀且最大应力与术前无显著差异(P>0.05);同样,术后T_(12)/l_(1)、l_(1)/l_(2)椎间盘应力分布也更均匀且最大应力值均显著减小(P<0.05);③因此,经皮椎体成形联合椎弓根强化能够有效改善术后相邻椎体终板和椎间盘的应力分布,并能够减小应力,最终降低术后再骨折风险以及显著延缓椎间盘退变。

关键词：椎弓根强化骨质疏松性椎体骨折椎体成形应力有限元模型骨水泥

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