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Degradation and resynthesis of chlorophyll during increased oxidative stress and prolonged darkness differ between annual and perennial flax(linum l.)

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oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 121-130页

作者： Kenyon J. Nisbett Abida Alokozai Su Hyun Elizabeth Ko G. Adam Mott Jason C.l. Browna Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada Department of Cell&Systems Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution&Function University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Among plants,there is considerable variation in lifespan:annuals live less than one year,whereas perennials live for several years,with the longest-living perennial having survived 43,600 *** proposed by the Disposable Soma Theory,this lifespan variation among plants likely reflects differential investment of limited energy and nutrient resources,with perennials investing more energy and nutrients into biomolecular maintenance compared to annuals in order to ensure persistence over multiple *** differential investment may be particularly important during periods of exogenous stress,which are known to accelerate biomolecular *** present study evaluated this hypothesis using annual and perennial flax(linum l.)subjected to two exogenous stressors—increased oxidative stress(i.e.,foliar H2o2spraying)and complete prolonged *** chlorophyll has been shown to exhibit degradation in response to changes in environmental conditions,we utilized changes in chlorophyll levels during and after periods of exogenous stress to evaluate our *** predicted that i)perennials would exhibit a slower rate of chlorophyll degradation during exposure to exogenous stressors compared to annuals,and ii)perennials would exhibit a faster rate of chlorophyll resynthesis following such exposure compared to *** levels before,during,and after exposure to both exogenous stressors were measured in two separate trails,once using image colour analysis and once using *** chlorophyll degradation rates in response to oxidative stress did not differ between annuals and perennials,contrary to our predictions,chlorophyll resynthesis rates following such exposure were significantly higher in perennials,as *** plants were subjected to complete prolonged darkness,chlorophyll degradation rates were significantly lower in perennials than annuals,as predicted;however,when plants were subsequently reintroduced to natural photoperiod,ch

关键词： Ageing life history Maximum lifespan oxidative stress Somatic maintenance

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cognitive dissonance and mindset perturbations during crisis:“ecosocio-psycho-somatic”perspectives

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 215-224页

作者： Felix Tretter Henriette löffler-Stastka Department of Systems Medicine and Healthcare Systems Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems ScienceVienna 1040Austria Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy Medical University ViennaVienna 1090Austria

Mandatory and restrictive health regulations during the corona pandemic caused psychic disorders in many people,which even led to clinically relevant mental *** the same time,there was gradually a polarization of opinions among the *** order to improve future pandemic management,an integrative understanding of these psychosocial processes therefore seems *** we start theoretically with the mental effects of inconsistencies of the information environment by referring to concepts such as the theory of cognitive *** a next step,we use the psychodynamic theory to understand the affective-motivational defense mechanisms underlying these cognitive states and ***,a broader theoretical framework of psychoanalysis seems to make sense,because self-referential processing also influences the style of *** this reason,we use a more comprehensive psychological systems theoretical framework model to integrate these different *** integrative view refers in part to basic knowledge of health psychology regarding the resistance of unhealthy ways of thinking and behaviors and the possibilities for interventions for *** then extend this model to a broader picture that also covers the relationship between men and their *** results in the perspective of a multidimensional socioecological theoretical framework,which as a heuristic reference model and related to other ecological approaches could also be helpful for various theoretical questions for public health,and could provide a better public understanding of health *** line with this perspective,we hypothesize that with regard to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic,the acceptance of public health narratives could be increased if a more consistent picture of the scientific descriptions and explanations of the pandemic-similar to the model proposed-could be provided,which would enable the understanding of the origin,course and countermeasur

关键词： Infodemic Affective-cognitive dissonance Systems model of the mind Socioecological model

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Ranking academic institutions based on the productivity,impact,and quality of institutional scholars

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2024年第3期9卷 116-154页

作者： Amir Faghri Theodore l.Bergman Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA

Purpose:The quantitative rankings of over 55,000 institutions and their institutional programs are based on the individual rankings of approximately 30 million scholars determined by their productivity,impact,and ***/methodology/approach:The institutional ranking process developed here considers all institutions in all countries and regions,thereby including those that are established,as well as those that are emerging in scholarly *** of individual scholars worldwide are first generated using the recently introduced,fully indexed ScholarGPS *** rankings of individual scholars are extended here to determine the lifetime and last-five-year Top 20 rankings of academic institutions over all Fields of scholarly endeavor,in 14 individual Fields,in 177 Disciplines,and in approximately 350,000 unique *** associated with five specific Fields(Medicine,Engineering&computer Science,life Sciences,Physical Sciences&Mathematics,and Social Sciences),and in two Disciplines(Chemistry,and Electrical&computer Engineering)are presented as examples,and changes in the rankings over time are ***:For the Fields considered here,the Top 20 institutional rankings in Medicine have undergone the least change(lifetime versus last five years),while the rankings in Engineering&computer Science have exhibited significant *** evolution of institutional rankings over time is largely attributed to the recent emergence of Chinese academic institutions,although this emergence is shown to be highly Field-and *** implementations:Existing rankings of academic institutions have:(i)often been restricted to pre-selected institutions,clouding the potential discovery of scholarly activity in emerging institutions and countries;(ii)considered only broad areas of research,limiting the ability of university leadership to act on the assessments in a concrete manner,or in contrast;(iii)have considered only a narrow are

关键词： Academic institution ranking Top institutional scholars ScholarGPS

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In situ TEM investigation of electron irradiation and aging-induced high-density nanoprecipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.lv H.l.Ge Q.Q.Jin X.H.Shao Y.T.Zhou B.Zhang X.l.Ma Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce high-density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K,wt.%)alloy to improve the *** results show that the hardness of the Mg alloy after irradiation for 10 h and aging for 9 h at 250℃ is 1.64 GPa,which is approximately 64% higher than that of the samples before being *** is mainly attributed to γ'precipitates on the basal plane after irradiation and the high-density nanoscale β'precipitates on the prismatic plane after aging,which should be closely related to the irradiation-induced homogenous *** latter plays a key role in precipitation *** result paves a way to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials by tailoring the precipitation through irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg alloy Electron beam irradiation Hardening Precipitates In-situ TEM

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In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： S.Cankat M.U.Demael l.Swadling Division of Infection and Immunity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

Members of the coronaviridae family are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent *** this review,we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ultimate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus *** will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of SARS-coV-2,MERS-coV and the four seasonal coronaviruses(HcoV-oC43,Nl63,HKU1 and 229E)in humans and the potential for future zoonotic *** will highlight how first-generation SARS-coV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine *** will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer ***,we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.

关键词： Vaccine coronavirus Cross-reactive immunity Cross-protection Universal

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Study on the dynamic mechanical properties of winding-block axial structure considering short circuit strain rate effect

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 380-390页

作者： Xinyu Wang Ping Wang Jianghai Geng Zikang Zhang Fangcheng lü Shuguo Gao Hebei Provincial Key laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Security Defense North China Electric Power UniversityBaodingChina State Grid Hebei Electric Power Research Institute ShijiazhuangChina

Transformers may suffer multiple short-circuit impacts during long-term operation,and axial instability is one of the typical types of serious accidents caused by short-circuit *** axial instability form of the winding-block structure is analysed,and the dynamic solution of the winding short-circuit electromagnetic force is obtained by estab-lishing the three-dimensional magnetic-circuit-force multi-physical field coupling simulation *** influence of strain rate on the cushion block constitutive equation is corrected,and the modified model is verified by short-circuit impact test and quasi-static *** research results show that for 110 kV 31.5 MVA transformers,the maximum electromagnetic axial resultant force of winding is 363.16 kN,and the ultimate tilt force is 1214.2 *** pre-tightening force configuration is accordingly recom-mended to range from 363.16 to 608.28 kN,which is narrowed by 18.49%compared with the static calculation method;Meanwhile,adding a logarithmic strain rate correction term to the classical constitutive equation of the cushion block can achieve a good correction of the stress-strain relationship with the coefficient of determination above 0.99,and the cushion block has a larger elastic modulus under high strain rate *** research results provide an important theoretical reference for the axial stability structure of transformers.

关键词： axial correction structure

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Spatiotemporal Evaluation and Future Projection of Diurnal Temperature Range over the Tibetan Plateau in CMIP6 Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第11期41卷 2245-2258页

作者： Suguo ZHANG Qin HU Xianhong MENG Yaqiong lÜ Xianyu YANG School of Atmospheric Sciences/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Earth System Modelling School of Engineering and DesignTechnical University of MunichMunich 85521Germany

The diurnal temperature range(DTR) serves as a vital indicator reflecting both natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change. This study investigates the historical and projected multitemporal DTR variations over the Tibetan Plateau. It assesses 23 climate models from phase 6 of the coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6) using CN05.1 observational data as validation, evaluating their ability to simulate DTR over the Tibetan Plateau. Then, the evolution of DTR over the Tibetan Plateau under different shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP) scenarios for the near,middle, and long term of future projection are analyzed using 11 selected robustly performing models. Key findings reveal:(1) Among the models examined, BCC-CSM2-MR, EC-Earth3, EC-Earth3-CC, EC-Earth3-Veg, EC-Earth3-Veg-lR,FGoAlS-g3, FIo-ESM-2-0, GFDl-ESM4, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, MPI-ESM1-2-lR, and INM-CM5-0 exhibit superior integrated simulation capability for capturing the spatiotemporal variability of DTR over the Tibetan Plateau.(2) Projection indicates a slightly increasing trend in DTR on the Tibetan Plateau in the SSP1-2.6 scenario, and decreasing trends in the SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SPP5-8.5 scenarios. In certain areas, such as the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, western hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau, southern Kunlun, and the Qaidam basins, the changes in DTR are relatively large.(3) Notably, the warming rate of maximum temperature under SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SPP5-8.5 is slower compared to that of minimum temperature, and it emerges as the primary contributor to the projected decrease in DTR over the Tibetan Plateau in the future.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau CMIP6 models diurnal temperature range model assessment historical period future projection

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on B(5,20)2-Groups

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Algebra colloquium 2024年第3期31卷 429-440页

作者： E.A.Alhassan Y.l.Tan Y.li School of Mathematical Sciences Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsu 212013China Department of Mathematics Brock UniversitySt.CatharinesOntario L2S 3A1Canada

A finite group G is said to be a B(n,k)group if for any n-element subset[a_(1),…,a_(n)]of G,|{a_(i)a_(j)|1≤i,j≤n}|≤*** is of interest to characterize the structure of B(n,k)groups for n(n+1)/2≤k≤n^(2)-*** B(5,k)groups for 15≤k≤19 have been investigated by several *** this paper,we give a complete characterization of B(5,20)2-groups by showing there are five classes of such groups which are nontrivial and nonabelian.

关键词： B(n,k)groups small squaring property central extension GAP

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Environmental concentration of ammonia nitrogen induced marked changes in proteome of clam Ruditapes philippinarum in dose-and time-dependent manner

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Journal of oceanology and limnology 2024年第5期42卷 1634-1650页

作者： Ming coNG Zhaoshun lI Wenwen TIAN Yuanmei lI Jiasen lÜ School of ocean Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China School of life Sciences Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China

Previous studies have revealed that ammonia nitrogen has several adverse effects on clam Ruditapes ***,knowledge is lacking regarding the related proteins involved in the toxicological responses,which is vital to elucidate the underlying mechanism of ammonia *** this study,clams *** were exposed to ammonia nitrogen for 21 d at two environmentally relevant *** tandem mass tags approach(TMT)was applied to assay the differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in clam gill tissues on the 3 rd and 21 st ***,a total of 7263 proteins were *** analyses revealed that clam protein profiles changed in dose-and time dependent manner after ammonia nitrogen *** inferred that the clams may face heavy challenges after ammonia exposure,such as unbalanced gender ratio,lysosomal disease,energy lack,neurological disorders,altered glutamine metabolism,increased lipid synthesis,and impaired *** profiles of enzyme activities of glutaminase and glutamine synthase provided direct evidence to verify the related inference from proteome *** of the inferred toxic effects merit further *** study identified important proteins related to ammonia nitrogen toxicity in the clam and indicated the severe stress of marine ammonia pollution on the healthy development of mollusc aquaculture.

关键词： ammonia nitrogen Ruditapes philippinarum proteomic analysis toxicity

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Sustainability assessment of solar drying systems:a comparative life-cycle analysis of phase-change material-based *** solar dryers

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Clean Energy 2024年第4期8卷 183-196页

作者： Nakum Divyangkumar Kirtika Sharma N.l.Panwar Gande Saichandhu Department of Renewable Energy Engineering Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and TechnologyUdaipur(Rajasthan)313001India Environmental Management Jawaharlal Nehru University TechnologyHyderabadIndia

Solar drying systems are becoming a popular alternative to traditional energy-based drying systems for agricultural products due to their effectiveness and reduced fuel *** the efficiency of solar drying systems has been thoroughly investigated,their sustainability has not been studied *** study aims to fill that gap by conducting a life-cycle assessment of two new solar drying systems built in Udaipur,Rajasthan,*** environmental implications of an innovative cylindrical solar-assisted drying system and a phase-change material-based solar drying system were evaluated using cradle-to-gate life-cycle *** study uses the ReCiPe 2016 endpoints(H)technique to calculate various aspects such as midpoint,endpoint,single score,normalization result,and network diagram for phase-change material-based solar drying and cylindrical solar-assisted *** show that phase-change material-based solar drying has an average of 40%more impact on the environment than cylindrical solar-assisted drying,with a high impact found in human non-carcinogenic toxicity,mainly due to the production of phase-change ma***,cylindrical solar-assisted drying system crossover phase-change material based solar drying in terms of its impact on human carcinogenic toxicity and fossil resource *** contribution to global warming of phase-change material-based solar drying is 13.7%more than that of cylindrical solar-assisted *** endpoint characterization indicates that phase-change material-based solar drying exceeds in terms of human health(40%)and ecosystem(37.04%),whereas cylindrical solar-assisted drying surpasses phase-change material-based solar drying in terms of impacts on resources,at 14%.The early drying in phase-change material-based solar drying makes up for its higher impact than that in cylindrical solar-assisted drying,which takes 3 hours longer to *** study offers guidance and methods for making the best choice of

关键词： solar drying cylindrical hybrid solar dryer PCM-based solar dryer life-cycle assessment ReCiPe method impact assessment

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