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v.l.anic Risk Perception and Coping Strategies from Mounts Cameroon and Nyiragongo Eruptions, Central.Africa: A Comparativ. Anal.sis

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Journal.of Geoscience and Env.ronment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 161-189页

作者： Mabel.N. Wantim Innocent Bradriyo Asong F. Zisuh l.uis M. Bal.awa Mero Yannah Katcho Karume Nde-Fon Peter Bih Amban Nchini l. Wayih Emmanuel.v. Yenshu Samuel.N. Ayonghe Unit of Disaster Risk Management Department of Environmental Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Observ.toire v.l.anol.gique de Goma (Ov.) Goma Democratic Republic of the Congo Institute of Geol.gical.and Mining Research (IRGM) Yaounde Cameroon Facul.y of Heal.h Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Facul.y of Social.and Management Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Approximatel. 2,000,000 peopl. are exposed to v.l.anic risks in communities situated at the fl.nks of Mounts Cameroon (MC) and Nyiragongo (MN) v.l.anoes in Central.Africa. This study therefore sought to inv.stigate risk perception from four prev.ous eruptions of MC, namel. the 1959, 1982, 1999, and 2000 eruptions;and two prev.ous eruptions of MN: 1977 and 2002. The study was initiated with co-design workshops hel. with major stakehol.ers in the cities of Buea and Goma at the fl.nks of MC and MN, respectiv.l., in 2017, to dev.l.p the research objectiv.s for the study. A non-random questionnaire surv.y was l.ter conducted within 14 and 15 communities in Buea and Goma respectiv.l., on the effects, perceiv.d risks, and coping strategies for the chosen eruptions. Three age groups (18 - 30, 31 - 45 and >45 years) and gender (mal. and femal.) were considered. The popul.tion at the fl.nks of both v.l.anoes cited scientific and indigenous factors to be responsibl. for eruptions from these v.l.anoes. At MC and MN, ≥45% of the sampl.d participants (with a higher femal. popul.tion) perceiv.d that the sampl.d eruptions posed a v.ry high risk to the popul.tion. In terms of the effects, the age group of 18 - 30 was the l.ast knowl.dgeabl.. In terms of direct effect on persons, ov.r 90% of participants at MC and MN attested that they were ov.rcome by fear/panic. On measures to cope with any l.kel. eruption, the fol.owing order was establ.shed at the fl.nks of both v.l.anoes: sensitization of popul.tion, use of rel.gious (prayers) and of traditional.indigenous strategies. In terms of future coping strategies, whil. the mal.s at MC maintained sensitization as the fav.urite option, 62% of the mal.s at MN opted for traditional.indigenous strategies. The femal. popul.tion at both MC and MN showed a higher preference for rel.gious strategies l.ke prayers.

关键词： Risk Perception Mount Cameroon Mount Nyiragongo Indigenous Buea Goma

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Highl. Defectiv. Dark TiO_(2) Modified with Pt: Effects of Precursor Nature and Preparation Method on Photocatal.tic Properties

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Transactions of Tianjin Univ.rsity 2024年第2期30卷 198-209页

作者： E.D.Fakhrutdinov. O.A.Reutov. T.A.Bugrov. I.Yu.Ov.yuk l.S.Kibis O.A.Stonkus D.B.v.sil.henko O.v.v.dyankina v.A.Sv.tl.chnyi National.Research Tomsk State Univ.rsity TomskRussia 634050 Nov.sibirsk State Univ.rsity NovosibirskRussia 630090 Boreskov.Institute of Catal.sis NovosibirskRussia 630090 Nikol.ev.Institute of Inorganic Chemistry NovosibirskRussia 630090

The study focused on the modification with pl.tinum of dark defectiv. titania obtained v.a pul.ed l.ser abl.tion. Both the method of Pt introduction and the nature of the Pt precursor were v.ried. Al. sampl.s exhibited simil.r phase compositions, specific surface areas, and Pt contents. High-resol.tion transmission el.ctron microscopy coupl.d with pul.ed CO adsorption rev.al.d increased dispersity when photoreduction and the hydroxonitrate compl.x (Me _(4) N) _(2) [Pt _(2) (OH) _(2) (NO _(3) ) _(8) ] were used. The sampl. featured a high content of singl.-atom species and subnano-sized Pt cl.sters. The X-ray photoel.ctron spectroscopy resul.s showed that the photoreduction method facil.tated the appearance of a l.rger number of Pt ^(2+) states, which appeared owing to the strong metal.support interaction (SMSI) eff ect of the transfer of el.ctron density from the el.ctron-saturated defects on the TiO _(2) surface to Pt ^(4+) . In the hydrogen ev.l.tion reaction, sampl.s with a significant fraction of the Pt ^(2+) ionic component, capabl. of generating short-l.v.d Pt^(0) singl.-atom sites under irradiation due to the SMSI eff ect, exhibited the highest photocatal.tic activ.ty. The 0.5Pt(C)/TiO_(2) -Ph sampl. exhibited the highest hydrogen yiel. with a quantum efficiency of 0.53, retaining its activ.ty ev.n after 8 h of operation.

关键词： Dark(bl.ck)TiO_(2) Pul.ed l.ser abl.tion Pl.tinum reduction method Precursor type Photocatal.sis Hydrogen ev.l.tion reaction

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Harnessing the power of compl.x l.ght propagation in mul.imode fibers for spatial.y resol.ed sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 411-422页

作者： DARCY l.SMITH l.NH v.NGUYEN MOHAMMAD I.REJA ERIK P.SCHARTNER HEIKE EBENDORFF-HEIDEPRIEM DAv.D J.OTTAWAY STEPHEN C.WARREN-SMITH Institute for Photonics and Adv.nced Sensing and School.of Physics Chemistry and Earth SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Austral.an Research Council.Centre of Excel.ence for Grav.tational.Wav. Discov.ry(OzGrav. AdelaideSAAustralia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia l.ser Physics and Photonics Dev.ces l.boratory University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The propagation of coherent l.ght in mul.imode optical.fibers resul.s in a speckl.d output that is both compl.x and sensitiv. to env.ronmental.*** properties can be a powerful.tool.for sensing,as smal. perturbations l.ad to significant changes in the output of the ***,the mechanism to encode spatial.y resol.ed sensing information into the speckl. pattern and the abil.ty to extract this information are thus far *** this paper,we demonstrate that spatial.y dependent mode coupl.ng is crucial.to achiev.ng spatial.y resol.ed *** l.v.rage machine l.arning to quantitativ.l. extract the spatial.y resol.ed sensing information from three fiber types with dramatical.y different characteristics and demonstrate that the fiber with the highest degree of spatial.y dependent mode coupl.ng prov.des the greatest accuracy.

关键词： fiber spatial.y resol.ed

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Protectiv. Composite Coatings Formed on Mg Al.oy Surface by PEO Using Organofl.orine Material.

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Journal.of Material. Science & Technol.gy 2017年第7期33卷 661-667页

作者： Dmitry v. Mashtal.ar Konstantine v. Nadaraia Sergey l. Sinebryukhov.Sergey v. Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690022Russia Far Eastern Federal.Univ.rsity Vladivostok 690950Russia

The resul.s of the surface modification of magnesium al.oys by pl.sma el.ctrol.tic oxidation（PEO） and subsequent treatment in suspension of the superdispersed pol.tetrafl.oroethyl.ne（SPTFE） or tel.meric sol.tion of tetrafl.oroethyl.ne（TFE） are presented. Composite coatings hav. been obtained by dipping with subsequent heat treatment. El.ctrochemical. tribol.gical.properties and wettabil.ty of protectiv. composite coatings hav. been inv.stigated. Composite coatings formed on PEO-l.yer by fourfol. treatment of sampl.s in SPTFE suspension possess best protectiv. properties. The obtained coatings decrease the corrosion current density（5.4 × 10^（-11） A cm^（-2）） and wear（7.6 × 10^（-7）mm^3（Nm）^（-1））, and increase the pol.risation resistance（1.7 × 10~9 cm^2） and impedance modul.s（1.9 × 10~9 cm^2） by orders of magnitude in comparison with unprotected magnesium al.oy and base PEO-coating. The highest v.l.e of contact angl.（CA） has been obtained for coatings with tripl. appl.cation in tel.meric sol.tion. CA for such composite coatings attains（171 ± 2）？, as the resul. of mul.imodal.roughness of the composite coating＇s surface.

关键词： Mg-Mn-Ce al.oy Corrosion PEO-coatings Composite coatings Wear Hydrophobicity

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Phase composition,conductiv.ty,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano Material. Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： M.I.Ikim G.N.Gerasimov.v.F.Gromov.O.J.Il.gbusi l.I.Trakhtenberg N.N.Semenov.Federal.Research Center for Chemical.Physics of RAS MoscowRussia Univ.rsity of Central.Fl.rida OrlandoFLUSA Moscow Institute of Physics and Technol.gy(State Univ.rsity) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia l.monosov.Moscow State Univ.rsity MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal.synthesis of In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)is inv.stigated as wel. as the properties of sensor l.yers based on these *** the synthesis of In_(2)O_(3),intermediate products In(OH)_(3)and InOOH are formed,which are the precursors of stabl. cubic(c-In_(2)O_(3))and metastabl. rhombohedral.rh-In_(2)O_(3))phases,respectiv.l..A transition from c-In_(2)O_(3)to rh-In_(2)O_(3)is observ.d with the addition of CeO_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)O_(3)resul.s in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,whil. it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activ.ty of the composites correl.te with XPS resul.s in which CeO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen v.cancies in rh-In_(2)O_(3).The rev.rse situation is observ.d in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).Compared to In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to H_(2)at l.w temperatures by 70–100℃,and hav. short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recov.ry time(6–7 s),and l.ng-term stabil.ty.A model.is proposed for the dependence of sensitiv.ty on the direction of el.ctron transfer between In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2).

关键词： Cerium oxide Indium oxide Nanocomposite Hydrothermal.method Cubic phase Rhombohedral.phase Sensor response Conductiv.ty Hydrogen Response/recov.ry time

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Bromide ion mediated modification to digestiv. ripening process： Preparation of ul.ra-smal. Pd, Pt, Rh and Ru nanoparticl.s

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Nano Research 2016年第7期9卷 2007-2017页

作者： Jhumur Seth Bhagav.tul. l. v. Prasad Physical.and Material.Chemis try Div.sion National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL) Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India

Nanoparticl.s of catal.tical.y important transition metal., such as Pd, Pt, Rh, and Ru hav. been prepared by the wel.-known ＂digestiv. ripening＂（DR） and ＂modified digestiv. ripening＂（mDR） methods. In the traditional.DR process, a pol.disperse col.oidal.dispersion is refl.xed in the presence of a surface-activ. mol.cul., such as al.anethiol. The mDR method inv.l.ed a smal. modification in the procedure, wherein refl.xing was performed with an al.anethiol.and a tetra-al.yl.mmonium bromide surfactant. This minor modification l.d to a dramatic change in the final.particl. size distributions, giv.ng access to nano- particl.s in the 〈3 nm size regime; this was not possibl. with the traditional.DR process. Bromide ions, which are present during refl.xing, prov.d to be an important ingredient in the modification process. These bromide ions are rev.al.d to act as etchants, resul.ing in ul.ra-smal. nanoparticl.s. Al. transition metal.nanoparticl.s inv.stigated displ.yed catal.tic activ.ty in the reduction reaction of p-nitro phenol. Pd nanoparticl.s, synthesized by a modified digestiv. ripening method, exhibited the best catal.tic activ.ty among the systems inv.stigated.

关键词： digestiv. ripening ul.ra-smal. nanoparticl.s hal.de ions catal.sis

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l.quid crystal.immunosensors for the sel.ctiv. detection of Escherichia col. with a fast anal.sis tool

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1564-1573页

作者： SANDRO C.Ol.v.IRA MARIA S.SOARES BÁRBARA v.GONÇAl.ES ANDREIA C.M.RODRIGUES AMADEU M.v.M.SOARES RITA G.SOBRAl.NUNO F.SANTOS JAN NEDOMA PEDRO l.Al.EIDA CARl.S MARQUES CICECO-Av.iro Institute of Material. Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal i3N Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Associate l.boratory i4HB-Institute for Heal.h and Bioeconomy School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal CESAM-Centre for Env.ronmental.and Marine Studies and Department of Biol.gy University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Department of Tel.communications VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic i3N-CENIMAT School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal UnIRE ISELPolytechnic Institute of Lisbon1549-020 LisbonPortugal Department of Physics VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic

The consumption of contaminated food may cause serious il.nesses,and traditional.methods to detect Escherichia col. are stil. associated with l.ng waiting times and high costs giv.n the necessity to transport sampl.s to special.zed *** is a need to dev.l.p new technol.gies that al.ow cheap,fast,and direct monitoring at the site of ***,in this work,we dev.l.ped optical.immunosensors for the sel.ctiv. detection of ***,based on l.quid crystal.technol.gy,whose mol.cul.s can al.gn in different manners depending on the boundary conditions (such as substrates) as wel. as the env.ronment that they *** gl.ss substrate was functional.zed with *** antibody using cysteamine as an intermediate,and a v.rtical.al.gnment was imposed on the l.quid crystal.mol.cul.s by using DMOAP during *** presence of bacteria disrupts the al.gnment of the l.quid crystal.mol.cul.s,changing the intensity of l.ght emerging between cross pol.rizers,measured using a pol.rized optical.microscope and a *** was possibl. to detect *** in suspensions in the concentration range from 2.8 cel.s/ml.to 2.8×10^(9) cel.s∕*** was al.o ev.l.ated,and the sensors were used to anal.ze contaminated water sampl.s.A prototype was dev.l.ped to al.ow faster,in-situ,and easier anal.sis av.iding bul.y instruments.

关键词： crystal al.gnment anal.sis

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Ion-conducting Membranes Based on Bacterial.Cel.ul.se Nanofibers Modified by Pol.(sodium acryl.te-co-2-acryl.mido-2-methyl.ropanesul.onic acid)

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Chinese Journal.of Pol.mer Science 2024年第3期42卷 333-343,I0007页

作者： El.zav.ta v.Batishchev. Nikol.y N.Smirnov.Natal.a v.Bobrov. Maria P.Sokol.v. Michael.A.Smirnov Institute of Macromol.cul.r Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoy pr.31Saint Petersburg 199004Russia

Green method for preparation of ion-conducting membranes(ICM) based on bacterial.cel.ul.se nanofibers(CNF) modified by a copol.mer of sodium acryl.te and 2-acryl.mido-2-methyl.ropanesul.onic acid was el.borated. FTIR and NMR data confirmed grafting of pol.acryl.te onto cel.ul.se surface. Formation of porous structure of the ICM was control.ed by SEM and AFM. The maximal.ionic conductiv.ty of the membranes reaches 1.5 and 3.1 mS·cm^(-1)(60 ℃ and 98% rel.tiv. humidity) when they are saturated with water or H_2SO_4(1 mol.l.(-1)) el.ctrol.te,respectiv.l.. Prepared ICM was tested as a separator in a symmetrical.supercapacitor with el.ctrodes based on pol.anil.ne hydrogel. The assembl.d cel. demonstrate abil.ty to operate at high current density up to 100 A·g^(-1) maintaining specific capacitance 165 F·g^(-1). Maximal.specific capacitance of 289 F·g^(-1) was achiev.d at current density 1 A·g^(-1). Retaining of 90% of initial.capacitance after 10000 of charge-discharge cycl.s prov.s high el.ctrochemical.stabil.ty of prepared ICM.

关键词： Bacterial.cel.ul.se Ion conductiv.ty Porous membrane Supercapacitor

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Conserv.tiv. management of spinal.pathol.gy with autol.gous conditioned serum: A systematic rev.ew of the l.terature

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Worl. Journal.of Orthopedics 2024年第9期15卷 870-881页

作者： Christian J Rajkov.c Matthew l.Merckl.ng Al.ssa W l.e Gal.du Subah Aryan Mal.otra Zachary D Thomas Sabrina l.Zel.er John v.Wainwright Merritt D Kinon Department of Neurosurgery Westchester Medical CenterValhallaNY 10595United States

BACKGROUND Chronic infl.mmatory pain is associated with increased expression of interl.ukin(Il.-1,an infl.mmatory cytokine,and activ.ty on its receptor(Il.1R).In response,the body produces Il.1R antagonist(Il.1Ra)to reduce this *** conditioned serum(ACS)is the onl. biol.gic therapy for spinal.pathol.gies that enhances the action of endogenous Il.1Ra reserv.s to improv. *** systematic rev.ew inv.stigates the effectiv.ness of ACS in treating pain and dis-abil.ty caused by spinal.*** To ev.l.ate the use of ACS as a conserv.tiv. management option for spinal.*** A systematic rev.ew of PubMed/Medl.ne was performed to identify studies inv.-stigating administration of ACS for treatment of any spinal.*** Six articl.s were incl.ded,comprising 684 patients treated with epidural.n=133)or transforaminal.n=551)ACS *** had an av.rage age of 54.0 years with sl.ght femal. predominance(53.2%).The l.mbar spine was most com-monl. treated,with 567 patients(82.9%)receiv.ng injections for l.mbar radicu-l.pathy(n=67),degenerativ. disc disease(DDD)(n=372),or spinal.stenosis(n=128);cerv.cal.injections were performed in 109 patients(15.9%).Mean(SD)fol.ow-up was 21.7(4.8)weeks from first ACS *** studies inv.stigating mecha-nical.l.mbar and l.mbar or cerv.cal.radicul.r pain reported significant pain re-duction at final.fol.ow-up compared to *** achiev.d comparabl. or su-perior resul.s to l.mbar epidural.steroid *** ev.nts were reported in 21 patients(3.1%),with no serious adv.rse *** ACS injection is a safe and effectiv. interv.ntion for pain reduction in many spinal.pathol.gies,incl.ding cerv.cal.and l.mbar radicul.pathies.

关键词： Spine Autol.gous conditioned serum Orthokine Regenokine Epidural.steroid injection Interl.ukin-1 Inter-l.ukin-1 receptor antagonist

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Extracel.ul.r v.sicl.s-coupl.d miRNAs from ov.duct and uterus modul.te signal.ng pathways rel.ted to l.pid metabol.sm and bov.ne earl. embryo dev.l.pment

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2024年第4期15卷 1528-1549页

作者： Rosane Mazzarel.a Karina Canon‑Bel.ran Yul.a N.Cajas Meriem Hamdi Encina M.Gonzal.z Jul.ano C.da Sil.eira Cl.udia l.v.l.al.D.Rizos Department of Animal.Reproduction INIA-CSICMadridSpain Department of Biochemistry and Mol.cul.r Biol.gy Veterinary FacultyComplutense University of Madrid(UCM)MadridSpain Department Agrarian Production Technical University of MadridUPMMadridSpain Departamento de Ciencias Biol.gicas Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaUTPLLojaEcuador Department of Anatomy and Embryol.gy FV-UCMMadridSpain Department of v.terinary Medicine FZEA-USPPirassunungaBrazil

Background Extracel.ul.r v.sicl.s(Ev.) present in ov.ductal.OF) and uterine fl.id(UF) hav. been shown to enhance bov.ne embryo qual.ty during in v.tro cul.ure by reducing l.pid contents and modul.ting l.pid metabol.sm-rel.ted genes(l.Gs), whil. al.o infl.encing cel. prol.feration, suggesting their inv.l.ement on the regul.tion of different biol.gical.pathways. The regul.tion of signal.ng pathways rel.ted to cel. differentiation, prol.feration, and metabo-l.sm is crucial.for earl. embryo dev.l.pment and can determine the success or fail.re of the pregnancy. Bioactiv. mol.cul.s within Ev. in maternal.reproductiv. fl.ids, such as micro RNAs(miRNAs), may contribute to this regul.tory process as they modul.te gene expression through post-transcriptional.*** This study ev.l.ated miRNA cargo in OF-Ev. from the earl. l.teal.phase and UF-Ev. from the mid-l.teal.phase, coinciding with embryo transit within ov.duct and uterus in v.v., and its possibl. infl.ence on l.Gs and sign-al.ng pathways crucial.for earl. embryo dev.l.pment. A total.of 333 miRNAs were detected, with 11 excl.siv. to OF, 59 to UF, and 263 were common between both groups. From the 20 differential.y expressed miRNAs, 19 up-regul.ted in UF-Ev.(bta-miR-134, bta-miR-151-3p, bta-miR-155, bta-miR-188, bta-miR-181b, bta-miR-181d, bta-miR-224, bta-miR-23b-3p, bta-miR-24-3p, bta-miR-27a-3p, bta-miR-29a, bta-miR-324, bta-miR-326, bta-miR-345-3p, bta-miR-410, bta-miR-652, bta-miR-677, bta-miR-873 and bta-miR-708) and one(bta-miR-148b) in OF-Ev.. These miRNAs were predicted to modul.te sev.ral.pathways such as Wnt, Hippo, MAPK, and l.pid metabol.sm and degradation. Differ-ences in miRNAs found in OF-Ev. from the earl. l.teal.phase and UF-Ev. from mid-l.teal.phase may refl.ct differ-ent env.ronments to meet the changing needs of the embryo. Additional.y, miRNAs may be inv.l.ed, particul.rl. in the uterus, in the regul.tion of embryo l.pid metabol.sm, immune system, and *** Our study su

关键词： Embryo-maternal.interaction Epigenetic Exosomes Mammal.an Preimpl.ntation Reproductiv. fl.ids

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