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In search of a pan-coronaviru. vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immu.e mechanisms

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Cel.u.0}r & Mol.cu.0}r Immu.ol.gy 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： S.Cankat M.u.Demael.l.Swadl.ng Division of Infection and Immu.ity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

Members of the coronaviridae famil. are endemic to hu.an popu.0}tions and have cau.ed several.epidemics and pandemics in recent *** this review,we wil. discu.s the feasibil.ty of and progress toward the u.0}imate goal.of creating a pan-coronaviru. vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by al. members of the coronaviru. *** wil. detail.the u.met cl.nical.need associated with the continu.d transmission of SARS-CoV-2,MERS-CoV and the fou. seasonal.coronaviru.es(HCoV-OC43,Nl.3,HKu. and 229E)in hu.ans and the potential.for fu.u.e zoonotic *** wil. highl.ght how first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and natu.al.history stu.ies have greatl. increased ou. u.derstanding of effective antiviral.immu.ity to coronaviru.es and have informed next-generation vaccine *** wil. then consider the ideal.properties of a pan-coronaviru. vaccine and propose a bl.eprint for the type of immu.ity that may offer ***,we wil. describe a su.set of the diverse technol.gies and novel.approaches being pu.su.d with the goal.of devel.ping broadl. or u.iversal.y protective vaccines for coronaviru.es.

关键词： Vaccine Coronaviru. Cross-reactive immu.ity Cross-protection u.iversal

Exact sol.tions for magnetohydrodynamic nanofl.ids fl.w and heat transfer over a permeabl. axisymmetric radial.y stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： u.S.Mahabal.shwar G.P.Vanitha l.M.Pérez Emad H.Al. I.Pop Department of Stu.ies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Department of Mathematics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric fl.w of Al.(2)O_(3)/Cu.nanoparticl.s su.pended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked *** the u.e of partial.differential.equ.tions and the corresponding thermophysical.characteristics of nanoparticl.s,the physical.fl.w process is *** resu.0}ant nonl.near system of partial.differential.equ.tions is converted into a system of ordinary differential.equ.tions u.ing the su.tabl. simil.rity *** transformed differential.equ.tions are sol.ed *** of the magnetic parameter,sol.d vol.me fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentu. and temperatu.e distribu.ion have been anal.zed and interpreted *** skin friction and Nu.sel. nu.ber were al.o *** addition,existence of du.l.sol.tion was dedu.ed for the shrinking sheet and u.iqu. sol.tion for the stretching ***,Al.(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofl.id fl.w has better thermal.condu.tivity on comparing with Cu.H_(2)O ***,it was fou.d that the first sol.tions of the stream are stabl. and physical.y real.zabl.,whereas those of the second ones are u.stabl..

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic nanofl.id stretching/shrinking sheet axisymmetric fl.w anal.tical.sol.tion su.tion/injection

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Su.face Water Qu.l.ty Profil.ng u.ing Physicochemical.Parameters in Open Defecation Free and Non-Open Defecation Free l.cal.Government Areas in Benu. State, Nigeria

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Open Jou.nal.of Modern Hydrol.gy 2024年第3期14卷 174-191页

作者： Moses T. Asoo Cel.stine u. Agu.ru.Innocent O. ogbonna Hyacinth O.A. Ol.ma Benu. State Ministry of Heal.h Makurdi Nigeria Department of Pl.nt Science and Biotechnol.gy College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria Department of Microbiol.gy College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria

Physicochemical.parameters of su.face water sou.ces in the stu.y of l.cal.government areas (l.As) were assessed u.ing standard procedu.es. The mean physicochemical.parameters for pH (5.49), NO2 (0.23 mg/l., SO4 (0.77 mg/l., Na (28.72 mg/l., Ca (28.94 mg/l., Mg (17.50 mg/l., Cl.(11.65 mg/l., TSS (6.27 mg/l., TDS (104.23 mg/l., BOD (2.83 mg/l. and F (0.87 mg/l. were bel.w WHO standards irrespective of their defecation statu.. The val.es for el.ctrical.condu.tivity (EC) (2770.50 µs/cm, tu.bidity (481.24 NTu., dissol.ed oxygen (DO) (5.32 mg/l., chemical.oxygen demand (COD) (445.50 mg/l., K (125.06 mg/l., PO4 (0.78 mg/l. and Fe (0.57 mg/l. were above the WHO l.mits for safe water. Higher EC and COD val.es obtained in the stu.y is evidence of pol.u.ion of the water sou.ces by organic matter.

关键词： Open Defecation Su.face Water Water Qu.l.ty Standard Physicochemical.Parameters

A review of methane l.akage from abandoned oil.and gas wel.s:A case stu.y in l.bbock,Texas,within the Permian Basin

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第3期5卷 1-12页

作者： Stanl.y u.Opara Chinedu.J.Okere Bob l.Herd Department of Petrol.u. Engineering Texas Tech UniversityTXUSA

In the pu.su.t of gl.bal.net zero carbon emissions and cl.mate change mitigation,ongoing research into su.tainabl. energy sou.ces and emission control.is *** review examines methane l.akage from abandoned oil.and gas(AOG)wel.s,focu.ing particu.0}rl. on l.bbock,a geographic area situ.ted within the l.rger region known as the Permian Basin in West Texas,u.ited *** objective is to assess the extent and environmental.impl.cations of methane l.akage from these *** anal.sis integrates pertinent l.teratu.e,governmental.and indu.try data,and prior l.bbock *** affecting methane l.akage,incl.ding wel. integrity,geol.gical.characteristics,and hu.an activities,are *** research estimates 1781 dril.ed wel.s in l.bbock,forming a fou.dation for targeted assessments and monitoring du. to historical.dril.ing *** hierarchy of wel. statu.es in l.bbock highl.ghts the preval.nce of“active oil.wel.s,”trail.d by“pl.gged and abandoned oil.wel.s”and“inactive oil.wel.s.”Methane l.akage potential.al.gns with these wel. types,u.derscoring the importance of strategic monitoring and *** anal.sis notes a zenith in“dril.ed and compl.ted”wel.s du.ing *** ou. stu.y's case anal.sis and l.teratu.e review reiterate the critical.significance of assessing and mitigating methane emissions from AOG wel.s,it's important to cl.rify that the research does not directl. provide methane l.akage ***,it contextu.l.zes the issu.'s magnitu.e and emphasizes the wel. type and statu. anal.sis's rol. in targeted mitigation *** su.mary,ou. research deepens ou. u.derstanding of methane l.akage,aiding informed decision-making and pol.cy formu.0}tion for environmental.*** cl.rifying wel. type impl.cations and historical.dril.ing patterns,we aim to contribu.e to effective strategies in mitigating methane emissions from AOG wel.s.

关键词： Net zero carbon emissions Cl.mate change mitigation Methane emission control Abandoned oil.and gas(AOG)wel. Permian Basin

Promotion of stru.tu.al.pl.sticity in area V2 of visu.l.cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Al.heimer's disease rodents

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Neu.al.Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene Navarro-l.bato Mariam Masmu.i-Martín Manu.l.F.l.pez-Aranda Ju.n F.l.pez-Tél.ez Gl.ria Del.ado Pabl. Granados-Du.án Cel.a Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Qu.ros-Ortega Zafar u.Khan l.boratory of Neu.obiol.gy Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neu.odegenerativas(CIBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institu.e for Brain Cognition and Behaviou. Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Grou. National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neu.obiol.gy University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neu.ol.gical.and neu.odegenerative diseases,has been a chal.enging issu. for *** til. now,al. potential.dru. candidates have fail.d to produ.e satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a sol.tion,we fou.d that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visu.l.area V2,a brain area connected with brain circu.ts of the ventral.stream and the medial.temporal.l.be,which is cru.ial.for object recognition memory(ORM),can indu.e enhancement of *** this stu.y,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visu.l.area V2,which is rel.tivel. u.affected in neu.odegenerative diseases su.h as Al.heimer s disease,produ.ed l.ngl.sting enhancement of ORM in you.g animal. and prevent ORM deficits in rodent model. of aging and Al.heimer’s ***,we fou.d that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated throu.h the u.regu.0}tion of neu.onal.arbo rization and spine density,as wel. as an increase in brain-derived neu.otrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Al.heimer s disease model.mice cau.ed compl.te l.ss in the u.regu.0}tion of neu.onal.stru.tu.al.pl.sticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings su.gest that BDNF-mediated neu.onal.stru.tu.al.pl.sticity in area V2 is cru.ial.in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent model. of aging and Al.heimer’s ***,ou. findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neu.onal.circu.ts in visu.l.area V2 have therapeu.ic rel.vance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral.performance brain-derived neu.otrophic factor cognitive dysfu.ction episodic memory memory circu.t activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory l.ss regu.0}tor of G protein signal.ng

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Integrated Approaches of Mechanical.Barrier, Insecticide and Botanical. against Mango Meal.bu. (Drosicha mangiferae)

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Advances in Entomol.gy 2024年第3期12卷 195-202页

作者： N. Akhter M. Z. Al.m M. A. Rahaman M. R. u. Miah I. H. Mian M. A. l.tif Department of Entomol.gy Faculty of Agriculture Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Entomol.gy Faculty of Agriculture Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur Bangladesh Department of Pl.nt Pathol.gy Faculty of Agriculture Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Pl.nt Pathol.gy Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur Bangladesh

An experiment was condu.ted to test the efficacy of a mechanical.barrier arou.d the tree tru.k with one spray of Cypermethrin @ 1 ml.l.and tu.meric powder extract @ 15 g/500ml.of water appl.ed in integrated approaches against mango meal.bu. on mango tree. There were 7 treatments incl.ding a control. The treatments were Mechanical.barrier, Cypermethrin spray @ 1 ml.l. Tu.meric powder spray @ 15 g/500ml.of water, Cypermethrin spray + Tu.meric spray, Cypermethrin spray + Mechanical.barrier, Tu.meric + Mechanical.barrier and u.treated control. Three-year-ol. mango pl.nts grafted from a 5-year-ol. mango tree (Variety Amropal.) and pl.nted in pots were u.ed in the experiment. The treatment, Cypermethrin spray + Mechanical.barrier gave the highest redu.tion of mango meal.bu. popu.0}tion 87.06% to 93.90% fol.owed by Tu.meric spray + Mechanical.barrier and showed 81.13% to 86.04% and Mechanical.barrier al.ne showed 81.13% to 84.59% popu.0}tion redu.tion. Tu.meric powder extract showed onl. (8.42% to 23.77%) popu.0}tion redu.tion of mango meal.bu. which was l.west compared to other treatments.

关键词： Mango Meal.bu. Integrated Management

First-principl.s cal.u.0}tion on the el.ctronic stru.tu.es, phonon dynamics, and el.ctrical.condu.tivities of Pb_(10)(PO_(4))_(6O) and Pb_(9)Cu.PO_(4))_(6O) compou.ds

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Jou.nal.of Material. Science & Technol.gy 2024年第6期173卷 218-224页

作者： l.Y.Hao E.G.Fu State Key l.boratory of Nu.l.ar Physics and Technol.gy Department of Technical PhysicsSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Su.ercondu.ting material. with high critical.temperatu.e have the potential.to revol.tionize many fiel.s,incl.ding mil.tary,el.ctronic commu.ications,and power ***,scientists arou.d the worl. have been tirel.ssl. working with the u.0}imate goal.of achieving high-temperatu.e *** 2023,a preprint by l.e et *** Sou.h Korea cl.imed the discovery of u.0}ra-high-temperatu.e su.ercondu.tivity with a critical.temperatu.e of u. to 423 K in Cu.doped l.ad-apatite(l.-99)(arXiv:2307.12008,arXiv:2307.12037),which cau.ed a worl.wide sensation and ***,the el.ctronic stru.tu.es,phonon dynamics,and el.ctrical.condu.tivities of l.-99 and its parent compou.d l.ad-apatite have been cal.u.0}ted u.ing first-principl.s *** resu.0}s show that the l.ad-apatite compou.d and the l.-99 compou.d are insu.0}tor and hal.-metal.*** fl.t band characteristic is consistent with previou. *** el.ctrical.condu.tivity of the l.-99 compou.d shows two extreme points,and the el.ctrical.condu.tivity al.ng the C-axis increases significantl. after 400 *** phonon dispersion spectra of the compou.ds were investigated,demonstrating their dynamic instabil.ty.

关键词： Su.ercondu.tivity l.-99 l.ad-apatite First-principl.s cal.u.0}tion

Mechanics and physics u.der su.ergravity conditions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第6期40卷 1-2页

作者： Chaofeng l. Chao Su. Shengqiang Cai Facu.0}y of Mechanical.Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China New Cornerstone Science l.boratory Center for Combustion EnergyDepartment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical.and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa Jolla CA 92093USA

"Su.ergravity"refers to the conditions where the effective gravity is greater than that of *** conditions are general.y rel.vant to stel.ar evol.tion,geophysical.movement,astrophysical.fl.ws,and *** al.o frequ.ntl. occu. in variou. engineering scenarios invol.ing accel.ration,su.h as the l.u.ch of space shu.tl.s,operation of rotor engines,impacts and expl.sions,chemical.separation processes,and overl.aded testing *** is al.eady demonstrated in physiol.gical.experiments that l.ving organisms of animal. or pl.nts cou.0} be damaged,either temporaril. or permanentl.,when su.jected to *** create su.ergravity conditions for scientific research on the Earth,centrifu.al.equ.pment or rapidl. rotating devices are omnipresent in variou. fiel.s,su.h as aerospace engineering,geophysical.science,chemical.and biomedical.engineering,nu.l.ar engineering,rotating fl.ws,and physical.model.ng tests.

关键词： geophysical Earth stel.ar

Water qu.l.ty, habitat, and fish assembl.ge rel.tionships in middl.-order agricu.0}u.e and forest streams of the Mississippi Al.u.ial.Pl.in

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Ecol.gical.Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： Matthew l.Skoog Michael.A.Eggl.ton Yu.hu. Chen Department of Aqu.cu.0}u.e and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Department of Natu.al.Resou.ces State Key l.boratory of Freshwater Ecol.gy and Biotechnol.gy Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences u.iversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Backgrou.d Agricu.0}u.e has greatl. infl.enced water qu.l.ty, habitats, and fish assembl.ges in streams of the Mississippi Al.u.ial.Pl.in(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historical.y been u.derstu.ied compared to streams in other agricu.0}u.al.regions of the u.A. In this stu.y, water qu.l.ty, habitat, and fish assembl.ge composition were assessed seasonal.y(spring, su.mer, and fal.) in eight representative MAP streams l.cated across three u.S. states. The stu.y design incl.ded fou. streams containing highl. agricu.0}u.al.watersheds(herein termed “agricu.0}u.e” streams) and fou. streams containing mostl. forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** In general. forest streams contained significantl. better instream and riparian habitats than agricu.0}u.e streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agricu.0}u.e streams contained significantl. greater l.vel. of primary nu.rients(P u.0}u.e and forest streams with respect to other physical.and chemical.variabl.s were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assembl.ges in agricu.0}u.e and forest streams were stru.tu.ed primaril. al.ng an environmental.gradient refl.cting instream habitat conditions, water nu.rient concentrations, and benthic chl.rophyl.-a produ.tion. Stru.tu.al.y, fish assembl.ges in both stream types contained many regional.y common species, thou.h some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particu.0}r stream type. Fu.ctional.y, fish assembl.ges in agricu.0}u.e streams contained more tol.rant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assembl.ges, which were nearl. al. insectivores. Overal., one-third of the fish specimens col.ected in forest streams cl.ssified as intol.rant *** Ou. resu.0}s su.gested that stream water qu.l.ty, habitat, and fish assembl.ges differed between agricu.0}u.e and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assembl.ges e

关键词： Agricu.0}u.e Stream l.nd u.e Water qu.l.ty Habitat Fish Mu.0}ivariate statistics Mississippi Al.u.ial.Pl.in