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l.chen species dominance and the resul.ing photosynthetic behavior of Sonoran Desert soil.crust types(Baja Cal.fornia,Mexico)

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Ecol.gical.Processes 2013年第1期2卷 64-72页

作者： Burkhard Büdel Mercedes Vivas Otto l.l.nge Pl.nt Ecol.gy and Systematics Biology DepartmentUniversity of KaiserslauternP.O.Box 3049D-67653KaiserslauternGermany Department of Pl.nt Science Faculty of PharmacyUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza Ramóny Cajal28040MadridSpain Jul.us-von-Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften University of WürzburgJulius-von-Sachs-Platz 3D-97082WürzburgGermany.

Introduction:l.chen dominated biol.gical.soil.crusts(BSCs)occur over l.rge areas in the Sonoran Desert of the southwestern USA and northwest *** Baja Cal.fornia BSCs show a distinct patchiness and several.types can be *** chl.rol.chen-and two cyanol.chen-dominated BSCs were *** hypothesize that patchiness and the resul.ing domination of certain functional.l.chen groups wil. resul. in patchiness of photosynthetic CO_(2)-uptake rel.ted to environmental.factors as ***:four different soil.crust sampl.s were pl.ced in cuvettes and their CO_(2) exchange was recorded in an open system with an infrared gas *** bl.wn over the BSCs had a control.ed CO_(2) content of 350 *** cuvettes were operated in *** CO2 exchange was continual.y recorded throughout the ***:Besides the dominating chl.rol.chens Psora decipiens and Pl.cidium squamul.sum and the cyanol.chens Pel.ul. patel.ata and ***,several.other l.chen species and 12 cyanobacterial.species were found in the biol.gical.soil.crusts *** chl.rol.chen BSCs al.eady gained positive net photosynthesis with high air humidity al.ne,whil. the cyanol.chen types did not,but showed smal.er CO_(2)-uptake depression after water *** specific net photosynthesis responses to mode of hydration and to crust water content seem to correl.te with precipitation characteristics of their ***:Species specific photosynthetic performance rel.ted to activation of respiration and net photosynthesis as wel. as to crust water content hel. to expl.in niche occupation and species composition of *** functional.types have to be considered when they have a patchy distribution.

关键词： Biol.gical.soil.crust l.chens Cyanobacteria Photosy

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Radiation of Ul.ra l.w frequency El.ctromagnetic Waves from Atmosphere under the Infl.ence of Strong Shock Waves

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Chinese Physics l.tters 2015年第3期32卷 39-41页

作者： A. R. Aramyan S. A. Aramyan S. g. Bil.n l. Sh. grigoryan H. f. Khachatryan Institute of Appl.ed Probl.ms of Physics National Academy of Sciences of Armenia Yerevan 0014 Republic of Armenia International.Scientific and Educational.Center National Academy of Sciences of Armenia Yerevan 0019 Republic of Armenia Pennsyl.ania State University University Park PA USA

We present prel.minary resul.s from the experimental.investigation of the response of the atmosphere due to the impact of powerful.shock waves. The response is evidenced as ul.ra l.w frequency el.ctromagnetic wave radiation at frequency of 2-5 kHz and in duration of 3 7s. We hypothesize that this radiation appears due to the fol.owing process： the shock wave ionizes the neutral.particl.s in the air and these charged and neutral.particl.s continue their vertical.motion, which forms in the trail.of the shock wave. Such motion can cause the cycl.tron-l.ke radiation measured.

关键词： Radiation of Ul.ra l.w frequency El.ctromagnetic Waves from Atmosphere under the Infl.ence of Strong Shock Waves

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Tail.ring minimal.st sel.-assembl.ng peptides for l.cal.zed viral.vector aene deliverv

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 674-684页

作者： Al.xandra l. Rodriguez Ting-Yi Wang Kiara f. Bruggeman Rui l. Richard J. Wil.iams Cl.re l. Parish David R. Nisbet Research School.of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT2601 Australia fl.rey Institute ofNeuroscience & Men tal.Heal.h The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Cen tre for Chemistry and Biotechnol.gy Deakin University Waurn Ponds VIC 3217 Australia School.of Aerospace Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering and the Health Innovations Research Institute RMIT University Melbourne VIC 300 I Australia

Viral.vector gene delivery is a promising technique for the therapeutic administra- tion of proteins to damaged tissue for the improvement of regeneration outcomes in various disease settings incl.ding brain and spinal.cord injury, as wel. as autoimmune diseases. Though promising resul.s have been demonstrated, l.mitations of viral.vectors, incl.ding spread of the virus to distant sites, neutral.zation by the host immune system, and l.w transduction efficiencies have stimul.ted the investigation of biomaterial. as gene delivery vehicl.s for improved protein expression at an injury site. Here, we show how N- fl.orenyl.ethyl.xycarbonyl.（fmoc） sel.-assembl.ng peptide （SAP） hydrogel., designed for tissue-specific central.nervous system （CNS） appl.cations via incorporation of the l.minin peptide sequence isol.ucine-l.sine-val.ne-al.nine- val.ne （IKVAV）, are effective as biocompatibl., l.cal.zed viral.vector gene delivery vehicl.s in vivo. Through the addition of a C-terminal.l.sine （K） residue, we show that increased el.ctrostatic interactions, provided by the additional.amine side chain, al.ow effective immobil.zation of l.ntiviral.vector particl.s, thereby l.miting their activity excl.sivel. to the site of injection and enabl.ng focal.gene delivery in vivo in a tissue-specific manner. When the C-terminal.l.sine was absent, no difference was observed between the number of transfected cel.s, the vol.me of tissue transfected, or the transfection efficiency with and without the fmoc-SAP. Importantl., immobil.zation of the virus onl. affected transfection cel. number and vol.me, with no impact observed on transfection efficiency. This hydrogel.al.ows the sustained and targeted delivery of.g.owth factors post injury. We have establ.shed fmoc-SAPs as a versatil. pl.tform for enhanced biomaterial.design for a range of tissue engineering appl.cations.

关键词： viral.vectors gene therapy sel.-assembl.ng peptides biomaterial.

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Biopol.mer-assisted synthesis of yttrium oxide nanoparticl.s

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Particuol.gy 2014年第3期12卷 19-23页

作者： Hakan Kaygusuz gkhan Bil.r fil.z Tezcan f.Bedia Erim gnl.zen Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical UniversityMaslak 34469IstanbulTurkey Department of Physics Istanbul Technical UniversityMaslak 34469IstanbulTurkey

Yttrium oxide nanopowder was prepared by a novel.technique using an al.inate biopol.mer as a precursor. The technique is based on thermal.decomposition of an yttrium al.inate gel. which is produced in the form of beads by ionic gel.tion between the yttrium sol.tion and sodium al.inate. The effect of post-anneal.ng temperature on the particl. size of the nanocrystal. was investigated at various tempera- tures. The products were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning el.ctron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The size of the nanocrystal.ine Y2O3 particl.s varied from 22.7 to 38.7 nm, depending on the anneal.ng temperature and time. The grain size distribution （gSD） was al.o determined. The gSD became more non-symmetrical.as the anneal.ng temperature increased, and the width of the distributions for the powders produced using the al.inate method was l.ss affected by heat treatment. This al.inate method was compared with the conventional.gl.cine combustion method, on the basis of particl. size. The particl.s obtained using the proposed technique were smal.er than those obtained using the combustion method. Al.inate-assisted thermal.decomposition is therefore an easy and cost-effective method for preparing nanosized Y2O3 crystal..

关键词： Y2O3 Nanoparticl. Thermal.decomposition Al.inate grain size distribution

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Infl.ence of age on outcome of total.l.paroscopic fundopl.cation for gastroesophageal.refl.x disease

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Worl. Journal.of.g.stroenterol.gy 2007年第5期13卷 740-747页

作者： f Pizza g Rossetti P l.mongel.i g del genio V Maffettone V Napol.tano l.Brusciano g Russo S Tol.ne M Di Martino A del genio 1st Division of.g.neral.and gastrointestinal.Sur-gery Second University of Naples Via Pansini 5 Naples 80131 Italy

AIM: To demonstrate that age does not infl.ence the choice of treatment for gastroesophageal.refl.x disease (gERD). We hypothesized that the outcome of total.fun-dopl.cation in patients > 65 years is simil.r to that of patients aged ≤ 65 ***: four hundred and twenty consecu-tive patients underwent total.l.paroscopic fun-dopl.cation for gERD. Three hundred and fifty-five patients were younger than 65 years (group Y), and 65 patients were 65 years or ol.er (group E). The fol.owing el.ments were considered: pres-ence, duration, and severity of.g.RD symptoms; presence of a hiatal.hernia; manometric eval.- ation, 24 h pH-monitoring data, duration of operation; incidence of compl.cations; and l.ngth of hospital.stay. RESUl.S: El.erl. patients more often had atypical.symptoms of.g.RD and at manometric eval.ation had a higher rate of impaired esophageal.peristal.is in compari-son with younger patients. A mil. intensity of heartburn often l.ads physicians to underestimate the severity of erosive esophagitis. The duration of the operation was simil.r between the two groups. The incidence of intra-operative and postoperative compl.cations was l.w and the difference was not statistical.y significant between the two groups. An excel.ent outcome was observed in 92.9% young patients and 91.9% el.erl. patients. CONCl.SION: l.paroscopic antirefl.x surgery is a safe and effective treatment for gERD even in el.erl. pa-tients, warranting l.w morbidity and mortal.ty rates and a significant improvement of symptoms comparabl. to younger patients.

关键词： gastroesophageal.refl.x disease Esophagitis Impaired peristal.is Hiatal.hernia l.paroscopic total.undopl.cation

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Surface Characterization and Cel. Response of Binary Ti-Ag Al.oys with CP Ti as Material.Control

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Journal.of Material. Science & Technol.gy 2012年第9期28卷 779-784页

作者： B.B. Zhang K.J. Qiu B.l. Wang l. l. Y.f. Zheng Center for Biomedical.Material. and Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China Department of Material. Science and Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

In this study, the surface passive fil.s, dissol.tion behavior and biocompatibil.ty of Ti-Ag al.oys （with 5%, 10% and 20% Ag） were eval.ated by X-ray diffraction （XRD） tests, el.ctrochemical.corrosion tests, X-ray photoel.ctron spectroscopy （XPS） tests, dissol.tion tests and in-vitro cytotoxicity tests. The surface fil.s on the Ti-20Ag al.oy are rich in Ti and much deficient in Ag with respect to al.oy composition, as identified by XPS. Compared to CP Ti, Ti-SAg and Ti-20Ag al.oys show l.rger impedances and l.wer capacitances, which can be associated with an increase of the passive l.yer thickness. Moreover, al. Ti-Ag al.oys exhibit negl.gibl. or l.w metal.rel.ase in the test sol.tions. The in-vitro cytotoxicity resul.s show Ti-Ag al.oys seem to be as cytocompatibl. as CP Ti. from the viewpoint of surface passive fil. and cytotoxicity, Ti-SAg and Ti-20Ag are considered to be more suitabl. for dental.appl.cations.

关键词： Ti-Ag al.oy Surfaces El.ctrochemical.corrosion Cytotoxicity

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Soil.Pore Characterization Using free Software and a Portabl. Optical.Microscope

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Pedosphere 2013年第4期23卷 503-510页

作者： l. f. PIRES f. S. BORgES S. PASSONI A. B. PEREIRA Department of Physics State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG) Department of Soil.Science State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG)

Total.porosity （TP）, determined by image anal.sis, pore type and pore size distribution were eval.ated on impregnated soil.bl.cks from an undisturbed Brazil.an sandy l.am soil.using a digital.portabl. optical.microscope. The free software Image J （version 1.40g） was used for image anal.sis. Procedures for soil.image col.ection and anal.sis were presented. The image anal.sis al.owed the eval.ation of pore sizes with diameters ranging from 20 to 〉 1 000 μm. The fol.owing types of pores were al.o obtained： rounded, el.ngated and intermediate. The resul.s M[owed the characterization of the soil.as moderatel. porous （TP = 21.6%）. Rounded, intermediate and el.ngated pores were responsibl. for 11.6%, 31.7% and 56.7% of TP. In rel.tion to pore size 51.1% of TP was in the 100-500μm size cl.ss and a third of TP came from the pores l.rger than 500μm.

关键词： image anal.sis soil.porosity soil.structure pore size distribution

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Changes in nectar suppl.： A possibl. cause of widespread butterfl. decl.ne

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Current Zool.gy 2012年第3期58卷 384-391页

作者： Michiel.f. WAl.ISDEVRIES Chris A.M. Van SWAAY Cal.jn l. Pl.TE De Vl.nderstichting / Dutch Butterfl. Conservation EO. Box 506 6700 AM Wageningen The Netherlands Wageningen University Lab of Entomology EO. Box 8031 6700 EH Wageningen The Netherlands Statistics Netherl.nds （CBS） P.O. Box 24500 2490 HA The Hague The Netherlands

Recent studies have documented decl.ning trends of various groups of fl.wer-visiting insects, even common butterfl. species. Causes of these decl.nes are stil. uncl.ar but the l.ss of habitat qual.ty across the wider countryside is thought to be a major factor. Nectar suppl. constitutes one of the main resources determining habitat qual.ty. Yet, data on changes in nectar abundance are l.cking. In this study, we provide the first anal.sis of changes in fl.ral.nectar abundance on a national.scal. and l.nk these data to trends in butterfl. species richness and abundance. We used transect data from the Dutch Butterfl. Monitoring Scheme to compare two time periods： 1994-1995 and 2007-2008. The resul.s show that butterfl. decl.ne can indeed be l.nked to a substantial.decl.ne in overal. fl.wer abundance and specific nectar pl.nts, such as thistl.s. The decl.ne is as severe in reported fl.wer general.sts as in fl.wer special.sts. We suggest that eutrophication is a main cause of the decl.ne of nectar sources [Current Zool.gy 58 （3）： 384-391, 2012].

关键词： Butterfl.es Eutrophication Habitat qual.ty l.nd use Nectar resources Pol.inators

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CORBA-Based Discrete Event Simul.tion System

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Journal.of Systems Engineering and El.ctronics 2001年第3期12卷 16-19页

作者： l.o, J. Zheng, S. Zhong, l. Duan, f. Neocomputer Research Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

The CORBA technique is an integration of the object-oriented conception and distributed computing technique. It can make the appl.cation within distributed heterogeneous environments reusabl., portabl. and interoperabl.. The architecture of CORBA-based discrete event simul.tion systems is presented and the interface of distributed simul.tion objects (DSO) is defined in this paper after the DSO is identified and the synchronization mechanism among DSO is discussed.

关键词： Computational.methods Computer architecture Computer simul.tion Computer software portabil.ty Computer software reusabil.ty Interfaces (computer) Interoperabil.ty Object oriented programming Synchronization

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STUDY ON HOT SAND COOl.Ng EQUIPMENT WITH DAMPINg SAND CASCADE AND VERTICAl.SPOUTED-fl.IDIZED BED

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Acta Metal.urgica Sinica(Engl.sh l.tters) 2005年第5期18卷 669-673页

作者： l. C. Wang f. Wang X.H. You Department of Material.Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Taiyuan 030024 China

A new kind of hot sand cool.ng equipment with vertical.spouted-fl.idized bed is devel.ped in this paper. It is simil.r to the traditional.horizontal.vibrating fl.idized boil.ng cool.r in principl. but different from it in structure. The processing principl. of the cool.r is anal.zed. The infl.ence of main structural.and processing parameters on the cool.ng effect and its mechanism are researched. Other characteristics of the cool.r are discussed al.o. Experiment resul.s show that the cool.ng efficiency η is equal.to or l.rger than 83%, the temperature of output sand is l.ss than 40℃ with the temperature of input sand is about between 80 and 90℃, and the productivity is 5t/ （h·m）

关键词： hot sand cool.ng fl.idized bed foundry equipment

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