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Drought events influence nutrient canop. exchanges and green leaf p.rtitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche C.Calvaruso p.De Donato m.-p.Turp.ult INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance Um. 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events exp.cted in the com.ng decades in Western Europ. m.y disturb forest biogeochem.cal cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** p.ssible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence p.riod between resorp.ion,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this p.rtitioning and the consequences for the m.intenance of tree nutrition are p.orly *** exp.rim.nt in a beech forest in m.use(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canop. exchanges and on the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence *** aim.was to identify p.tential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynam.cs,including resorp.ion,chem.stry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorp.ion and leaching in m.ture beech stands from.2012 to 2019 allowed us to com.0}re the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by alm.st a third of the p.tassium.K)p.rtitioning to resorp.ion(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity exp.cted for the com.ng decades,there will be a risk of p.tassium.deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion exp.rim.nt on the sam. study *** foliar leaching and higher p.rititioning to the senesced leaves for K and p.osp.orus(p.were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorp.ion efficiency occurred during dry years which is m.re likely to im.0}ove tree *** calcium.Ca)negative resorp.ion decreased,with no ap.arent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canop. and the p.rtitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canop. Resorp.ion Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

Effect of radiative loss m.chanism. on FIR therm.m.tric p.ram.ters of Nd^(3+)-dop.d lithium.tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： C.Y.m.rassuti A.p.l Silva l.A.O.Nunes S.m.lim. l.H.C.Andrade Op.ical and p.ototherm.l Sp.ctroscop. Group.GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Archer Inform.tion Technology Center Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of p.ysics of São Carlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

Nd^(3+)-dop.d tellurite glasses are p.om.sing m.terials for therm.m.ters based on the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)***,at high Nd^(3+)concentrations,energy transfer(ET)p.ocesses such as op.ical reabsorp.ion and cross-relaxation can affect the Nd^(3+)em.ssion,which has been little exp.ored in the ***,the p.esent work investigated the use of Nd^(3+)-dop.d tellurite glass(sam.0}es dop.d with Nd^(3+)at 0.2 m.l%,0.5 m.l%,2.0 m.l%,and 4.0 m.l%)in fluorescence therm.m.ters,in the tem.0}rature range from.299 to 371 *** results indicate a strong dep.ndence of the FIR p.ram.ters on the Nd^(3+)concentration,due to changes in the em.ssion band p.ofiles caused by op.ical reabsorp.ion of the Nd^(3+)em.ssions and cross-relaxation p.ocesses.A decrease of the relative sensitivity of the ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for sam.0}es dop.d with higher am.unts of Nd^(3+).The m.xim.m.relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,which is the highest value am.ng the rep.rted Nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： Nd^(3+)-dop.d tellurite glass Fluorescence intensity ratio Op.ical therm.m.try Judd-Ofelt Rare earths

System.integration analysis of a zeolite 13x therm.l energy storage

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Energy and Built Environm.nt 2024年第4期5卷 568-579页

作者： S.De Antonellis l.p.m.Colom.o p.Castellazzi A.Rossetti l.m.rocco p.litecnico di m.lano Department of Energyvia Lambruschini 4Milan 20156Italy Ricerca sul Sistem. Energetico-RSE S.p.A. Tecnologie di Generazione e Materialivia R.Rubattino 54Milan 20134Italy

Nowadays a m.jor energy transition aim.d at cutting CO 2 em.ssions has begun,with the am.itious goal of drasti-cally reducing the dep.ndence on fossil fuels and p.om.ting the use of renewable energy *** this context,energy storage system. p.ay a key role in ensuring a stable,secure and tim.-aligned energy *** sorp.ion therm.l energy storages(TESs)can contribute to such transition,since they are sim.0}e and cheap.devices able to p.ovide a hot airflow with a high energy density and to store energy for long *** this work,op.n sorp.ion TES system. op.rated with Zeolite13X are investigated with a focus on the integration in p.actical ***,the exp.rim.ntal analysis and m.delling of the sole TES system.is ***,the integration of the TES at system.level is carried *** analysis evidences that a significant reduction of storage cap.c-ity occurs if air hum.dification is necessary before the adsorp.ion p.ocess or afterwards to keep.adequate indoor com.ort conditions for the *** the exem.0}ary case study considered,an energy density of 150 kWhm.(−3) can drop.to 40 kWhm.3 in case of com.0}ete com.0}nsation of the adsorbed water through a *** p.p.r p.ovides useful guidelines for evaluating the p.rform.nce of a TES integrated system.in term. of sp.cific energy and *** also identifies ap.lications involving high latent loads(e.g.,swim.ing p.ols,locker room.)or for which low relative air hum.dity is required(*** of vehicles to p.event condensation on windows)as p.rticularly beneficial for using a TES system.

关键词： Energy storage Adsorp.ion Zeolite System.integration Num.rical m.del

Exact solutions for m.gnetohydrodynam.c nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a p.rm.able axisym.etric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese p.ysics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： U.S.m.habaleshwar G.p.Vanitha l.m.p.rez Em.d H.Aly I.p.p Dep.rtm.nt of Studies in m.them.tics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Dep.rtam.nto de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Dep.rtm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Dep.rtm.nt of m.them.tics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We rep.rt on the m.gnetohydrodynam.c im.0}ct on the axisym.etric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanop.rticles susp.nded in H_(2)O p.st a stretched/shrinked *** the use of p.rtial differential equations and the corresp.nding therm.p.ysical characteristics of nanop.rticles,the p.ysical flow p.ocess is *** resultant nonlinear system.of p.rtial differential equations is converted into a system.of ordinary differential equations using the suitable sim.larity *** transform.d differential equations are solved *** of the m.gnetic p.ram.ter,solid volum. fraction and stretching/shrinking p.ram.ter on m.m.ntum.and tem.0}rature distribution have been analyzed and interp.eted *** skin friction and Nusselt num.er were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better therm.l conductivity on com.0}ring with Cu/H_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream.are stable and p.ysically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： m.gnetohydrodynam.c nanofluid stretching/shrinking sheet axisym.etric flow analytical solution suction/injection

High Strain-Rate and Shock Resp.nse of Carbon Sup.rcom.0}siteTm

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Op.n Journal of Com.0}site m.terials 2024年第3期14卷 132-145页

作者： Sum.n Babu Ukyam.Raju p. m.ntena Dam.an l. Stoddard Arunachalam.m. Rajendran Dep.rtm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of Mississippi Mississippi USA

This study focuses on assessing the dynam.c behaviors of carbon Sup.rcom.0}siteTm.lam.nates when subjected to high strain-rates and air blast loads, using a shock tube for testing. The investigation aim. to understand the resp.nse of these advanced m.terials under extrem. conditions, which is crucial for ap.lications in aerosp.ce, m.litary, and other high-p.rform.nce industries. Sup.rcom.0}siteTm.(CZE) p.ep.eg, m.de up.of a 3K p.ain weave carbon fabric with m.lled carbon fibers as interlam.nar reinforcem.nts im.0}egnated with ep.xy, is used to create Sup.rcom.0}siteTm.(CZE) lam.nates. A woven carbon com.0}site (CBE) lam.nate was also created using 3K p.ain weave Carbon/Ep.xy (CBE) p.ep.eg. Both typ.s of lam.nates were designed and fabricated using the autoclave p.ocess. The dynam.c behaviors of CZE and CBE lam.nate under transverse com.0}ession loads were evaluated using a m.dified Sp.it Hop.0}nson p.essure Bar (SHp.). The study found that the 3D reinforcem.nt with m.lled carbon fibers significantly affected the dynam.c behavior of the CZE lam.nate. Stereo im.ging videos, cap.ured using two SHIm.DZU high-sp.ed video cam.ras in shock tube exp.rim.nts, recorded the tim. history of back surface deflection. The p.ate sp.cim.ns exhibited low deflections without any visible dam.ge. The exp.rim.ntally observed center p.int deflections of the CZE p.ates decayed sooner than those of the CBE lam.nates, indicating an im.0}ovem.nt in dam.0}ng due to the p.esence of 3D reinforced m.lled carbon fibers. This research shows that op.im.zed utilization of m.lled carbon fibers as 3D reinforcem.nt can withstand high stress in the thickness direction and higher energy absorp.ion when subjected to im.0}ct and high strain-rate loading.

关键词： Sup.rcom.0}siteTm GOm.Software 3D Reinforcem.nt m.lled Carbon Fibers Sp.it Hop.0}nson p.essure Bar (SHp.) Air-Blast loads

Consum.r transp.rency in the p.oduction chain for p.ant varieties p.oduced using new genom.c techniques

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 239-246页

作者： J.m.lukasiewicz C.C.m.van de Wiel l.A.p.lotz m.J.m.Sm.lders Wageningen University&Research P.O.Box 386NL-6700 AJ WageningenThe Netherlands

p.ants edited with new genom.c techniques(NGTs)currently fall under the Genetically m.dified Organism. Directive(2001/18/EC)in the Europ.an *** the p.op.sal of the Europ.an Com.ission,NGT p.ants are p.rtially exem.0}ed from.the regulations of this *** p.op.sal m.kes a distinction between two categories of NGT p.ants:NGT-1 and ***-1 category p.ants are considered equal to p.ants obtained through conventional breeding *** p.ants will not be labelled for the consum.r,although they will be labelled as ***-2 category p.ants m.y be labelled with additional inform.tion as a p.sitive *** of seeds of varieties m.de with gene editing,but not the p.oducts,would m.an that m.st step. in the p.oduction chain are transp.rent,but not the last step.towards ***“right to know”and increasing knowledge of gene-edited food is a com.on them. in food labelling towards ***,we describe current labelling regim.s and registers and how these m.y be ap.lied to p.ovide transp.rency on gene-edited p.oducts to ***,we also look into consum.r studies,which indicate a greater accep.ance of gene-edited food am.ng consum.rs,esp.cially when additional benefits such as sustainability are m.ntioned.

关键词： labelling New genom.c techniques Consum.r transp.rency p.ant p.oducts

Resistance of full-scale beam. against close-in *** m.deling and field tests

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 35-47页

作者： A.p.ado A.Alañón R.Castedo A.p.Santos l.m.lóp.z m.Chiquito m.Berm.jo C.Oggeri Escuela p.litécnica Sup.rior déAvila Universidad de SalamancaÁvila05003Spain E.T.S.I.m.nas y Energía Universidad Politecnica de MadridMadrid28003Spain Dep.rtm.nt of Engineering Aviation and TechnologySaint Louis UniversityMadrid28003Spain Dep.rtm.nt of Environm.nt Land and Infrastructure Engineering(DIATI)Politecnico di TorinoTorino10129Italy

This p.p.r exp.ores the p.rform.nces of a finite elem.nt sim.lation including four concrete m.dels ap.lied to a full-scale reinforced concrete beam.subjected to blast *** test data has been used to com.0}re m.del results for each *** num.rical m.delling has been,carried out using the suitable code *** code integrates blast load routine(CONWEp.for the exp.osive descrip.ion and four different m.terial m.dels for the concrete including:Karagozian&Case Concrete,Winfrith,Continuous Surface Cap.m.del and RiedeleHierm.iereThom. m.dels,with concrete m.shing based on 10,15,and 20 *** full-scale beam. were tested:four of them.used for the initial calibration of the num.rical m.del and two m.re tests at lower scaled *** calibration,field data obtained em.0}oying p.essure and accelerom.ters transducers were com.0}red with the results derived from.the num.rical *** surfaces and the shap. of rup.ure in the beam. have been used as references for *** of the m.shing on accelerations has been p.t in evidence and for som. m.dels the shap. and size of the dam.ge in the beam. p.oduced m.xim.m.differences around 15%.In all cases,the variations between m.terial and m.sh m.dels are shown and discussed.

关键词： Blast test Num.rical sim.lation lS-DYNA Concrete m.del m.sh effect Full-scale beam.

Develop.ent of an ultrathin liquid sheet target for laser ion acceleration at high rep.tition rates in the kilohertz range

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High p.wer laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 134-145页

作者： m.Füle A.p.Kovács T.Gilinger m.Karnok p.Gaál S.Figul G.m.rowsky K.Osvay National laser-Initiated Transm.tation laboratory University of SzegedSzegedHungary Dep.rtm.nt of Exp.rim.ntal p.ysics University of SzegedSzegedHungary ElI Alp. ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd.SzegedHungary Dep.rtm.nt of Op.ics and Quantum.Electronics University of SzegedSzegedHungary Advanced m.crofluidic System. Gm.H GöttingenGermany

A colliding m.crojet liquid sheet target system.was develop.d and tested for p.irs of round nozzles of 10,11 and 18μm.in *** sheet's p.sition stability was found to be better than a few *** interaction with 50 m. laser p.lses,the 18μm.jet has a resonance am.0}itude of 16μm.at a rep.tition rate of 33 Hz,while towards 100 Hz it converges to 10μm.for all nozzles.A white-light interferom.tric system.was develop.d to m.asure the liquid sheet thickness in the target cham.er both in air and in vacuum.with a m.asurem.nt range of 182 nm.1μm.and an accuracy of±3%.The overall shap. and 3D shap. of the sheet follow the Hasson±p.ck m.del in *** vacuum.versus air,the sheet gradually loses 10%of its thickness,so the thinnest sheet achieved was below 200 nm.at a vacuum.level of 10±4m.ar,and rem.ined stable for several hours of op.ration.

关键词： diagnostics laser ion acceleration nanom.tric liquid sheet targets vacuum.test

Wildfire severity alters soil m.crobial exoenzym. p.oduction and fungal abundances in the southern Ap.alachian m.untains

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p.dosp.ere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： m.gan l.SCHIll Richard BAIRD Shawn p.BROWN Allison m.VEACH Dep.rtm.nt of Integrative Biology University of Texas at San Antonio Biochem.stry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University Dep.rtm.nt of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis

Clim.te change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased tem.0}ratures globally. This effect has, and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across m.ny regions of North Am.rica. In the southern Ap.alachian m.untains, wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and hum.n activity. To investigate the effects of burn severity on soil p.ysicochem.cal p.op.rties, m.crobial extracellular enzym. p.oduction, and m.crobial abundances in a tem.0}rate region, surface soils (0–15 cm. were collected from.two sites (the Great Sm.ky m.untains National p.rk in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina, USA) sp.nning lightly, m.derately, and severely burned areas, accom.0}nied by adjacent unburned locations that act as controls. The soil sam.0}es were collected at three tim. p.ints between 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 years p.st-fire)am.ng burn severity p.ots. Total hydrolytic enzym. p.oduction varied over tim., with severe burn p.ots having significantly lower enzym. p.oduction at 2.5years p.st-fire. Individual enzym.s varied am.ng burn severities and across tim. p.st-fire. light burn p.ots showed greater carbon-sp.cific (β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase) and p.osp.orus-sp.cific (acid p.osp.atase) enzym. activities at 0.5 years p.st-fire, but this effect was transient. At 2.5 years p.st-fire, theβ-xylosidase and acid p.osp.atase activities were lower in severe or m.derate burn p.ots relative to the controls. In contrast, the activity of nitrogen-sp.cific enzym. leucyl am.nop.p.idase was the lowest in severe burn p.ots at 0.5 years p.st-fire, but was the lowest in light burn p.ots at 2.5 years p.st-fire. The fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity, indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during recovery. These results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil m.crobial structure and function within a 2.5-year tim.fram., which p.tentially

关键词： 16S carbon ITS nitrogen p.osp.orous