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Metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir anders Hagnestål Sagar M.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Becker Jonathan l.Robinson Jens Nielsen Department of life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

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Eco-evolutionary evidence for the global diversity pattern of Cycas(Cycadaceae)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1170-1191页

作者： Jian liu anders Jlindstrom Yiqing Gong Shanshan Dong Yusheng(Chris)liu Shouzhou Zhang Xun Gong CAS Key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant ResourcesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Global Biodiversity Conservancy 144/124 Moo3Soi Bua ThongBangsalaeSattahipChonburi 20250Thailand Key laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity Fairy Lake Botanical GardenShenzhen&Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518004China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indiana University-IndianapolisIndianapolisIN 46202USA

The evolution of the latitudinal diversity gradient(lDG),characterized by a peak in diversity toward the tropics,has captured significant attention in evolutionary biology and ***,the inverse lDG(i-lDG)mechanism,wherein species richness increases toward the poles,remains inadequately *** are among one of the oldest lineages of extant seed plants and have undergone extensive diversification in the ***,the extant cycad abundance exhibits an i-lDG pattern,and the underlying causes for this phenomenon remain largely ***,using 1,843 nuclear genes from a nearly complete sampling,we conducted comprehensive phylogenomic analyses to establish a robust species-level phylogeny for Cycas,the largest genus within *** then reconstructed the spatial-temporal dynamics and integrated global environmental data to evaluate the roles of species ages,diversification rates,contemporary environment,and conservatism to ancestral niches in shaping the i-lDG *** found Cycas experienced decreased diversification rates,coupled with the cooling temperature since its origin in the Eocene from continental *** regions have distinctively contributed to the formation of i-lDG for Cycas,with the northern hemisphere acting as evolutionary museums and the southern hemisphere serving as ***,water-related climate variables,specifically precipitation seasonality and potential evapotranspiration,were identified as paramount factors constraining Cycas species richness in the rainforest biome near the ***,the adherence to ancestral monsoonal climates emerges as a critical factor in sustaining the diversity *** study underscores the imperative of integrating both evolutionary and ecological approaches to comprehensively unravel the mechanisms underpinning global biodiversity patterns.

关键词： cycads latitudinal diversity gradient niche conservatism spatiotemporal diversification species richness

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Genomic selection in plant breeding:Key factors shaping two decades of progress

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 552-578页

作者： Admas Alemu Johanna Astrand Osval A.Montesinos-lópez Julio Isidro y Sanchez Javier Fernandez-Gónzalez Wuletaw Tadesse Ramesh R.Vetukuri anders S.Carlsson Alf Ceplitis JoséCrossa Rodomiro Ortiz Aakash Chawade Department of Plant Breeding Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden lantmannen lantbruk SvalövSweden Facultad de Telematica University de ColimaColimaColima 28040Mexico Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas(CBGP UPM-INIA)Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Campus de Montegancedo-UPM28223 MadridSpain International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) RabatMorocco International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Km 45Carretera México-VeracruzTexcocoMéxico 52640Mexico

Genomic selection,the application of genomic prediction(GP)models to select candidate individuals,has significantly advanced in the past two decades,effectively accelerating genetic gains in plant *** article provides a holistic overview of key factors that have influenced GP in plant breeding during this *** delved into the pivotal roles of training population size and genetic diversity,and their relationship with the breeding population,in determining GP *** emphasis was placed on optimizing training population *** explored its benefits and the associated diminishing returns beyond an optimum *** was done while considering the balance between resource allocation and maximizing prediction accuracy through current optimization *** density and distribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms,level of linkage disequilibrium,genetic complexity,trait heritability,statistical machine-learning methods,and non-additive effects are the other vital *** wheat,maize,and potato as examples,we summarize the effect of these factors on the accuracy of GP for various *** search for high accuracy in GP—theoretically reaching one when using the Pearson’s correlation as a metric—is an active research area as yet far from optimal for various *** hypothesize that with ultra-high sizes of genotypic and phenotypic datasets,effective training population optimization methods and support from other omics approaches(transcriptomics,metabolomics and proteomics)coupled with deep-learning algorithms could overcome the boundaries of current limitations to achieve the highest possible prediction accuracy,making genomic selection an effective tool in plant breeding.

关键词： genomic selection genetic gain genomic prediction optimization deep learning training population optimization

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抗反流术后质子泵抑制剂的应用:一项基于全国医疗记录系统的随访研究(丹麦经验)

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中华胃食管反流病电子杂志 2018年第1期5卷 45-45页

作者：温兴铸张伟仇明 l?l?drup anders Pottegrd Anton Hallas Jesper Bytzer Peter

目的反流性疾病的治疗方法中,抗反流手术(ARS)已成为终生质子泵抑制剂(PPI)药物治疗的可替代方法。然而临床数据表明,ARS术后应用PPI情况仍存在争议。我们将利用全国医疗记录系统调查丹麦人群中ARS术后应用PPI的情况。设计回顾性随访199... 详细信息

目的反流性疾病的治疗方法中,抗反流手术(ARS)已成为终生质子泵抑制剂(PPI)药物治疗的可替代方法。然而临床数据表明,ARS术后应用PPI情况仍存在争议。我们将利用全国医疗记录系统调查丹麦人群中ARS术后应用PPI的情况。设计回顾性随访1996-2010期间全丹麦范围内年龄≥18岁的首次行ARS的病例。两种结果评估方法:ARS术后恢复应用PPI的首次处方(首次处方)及长期应用PPI标志(定义为每年平均应用PPI≥180倍限定日剂量(DDD)。统计方法:Kaplan-Meier曲线及Cox比例风险模型。结果本分析共纳入3 465病例。12. 7%在术前当年应用PPI,其中1-89DDD、90-179DDD及≥180DDD的分别为14. 2%、13. 4%及59. 7%。术后5-、10-及15-年首次恢复应用PPI的风险分别为57. 5%、72. 4%及82. 6%。同样,术后5-、10-及15-年长期应用PPI的风险分别为29,4%、41. 1%及56. 6%。女性、高龄、近期ARS手术史、术前应用PPI及应用非甾体抗炎药或抗血小板治疗等因素显著增加应用PPI的风险。结论 ARS术后应用PPI的风险高于既往报道,超过50%的病例术后10～15年需长期应用PPI。应让患者意识到ARS术后仍存在较高长期应用PPI的风险。

关键词：质子泵抑制剂长期应用术后应用随访研究 ARS PPI

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Imaged guided surgery during arteriovenous malformation of gastrointestinal stromal tumor using hyperspectral and indocyanine green visualization techniques:A case report

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世界临床病例杂志 2023年第23期11卷 5530-5537页

作者： Tristan Wagner Onur Mustafov Marielle Hummels anders Grabenkamp Michael N Thomas lars Mortimer Schiffmann Christiane J Bruns Dirk l Stippel Roger Wahba Clinic and Polyclinic for General VisceralTumor and Transplant SurgeryUniversity of CologneCologne 50923North Rhine WestphaliaGermany

BACKGROUND This case report demonstrates the simultaneous development of a gastrointestinal stromal tumour(GIST)with arteriovenous malformations(AVMs)within the jejunal mesentery.A 74-year-old male presented to the department of surgery at our institution with a one-month history of abdominal ***-enhanced computed tomography revealed an *** exploratory laparotomy,hyperspectral imaging(HSI)and indocyanine green(ICG)fluorescence were used to evaluate the extent of the tumour and determine the resection *** imaging confirmed AVM,while histopathological evaluation showed an epithelioid,partially spindle cell *** SUMMARY This is the first case reporting the use of HSI and ICG to image GIST intermingled with an *** resection margins were planned using intraoperative analysis of additional optical ***-guided surgery enhances the clinician’s knowledge of tissue composition and facilitates tissue *** Since image-guided surgery is safe,this procedure should increase in popularity among the next generation of surgeons as it is associated with better postoperative outcomes.

关键词： Imaged guided surgery Hyperspecteral imaging Gastrointestinal stromal tumour Arteriovenous malformation Case report

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Typicality at quantum-critical points

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第8期27卷 517-528页

作者：刘录 anders W Sandvik 郭文安 Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Department of Physics Boston University Beijing National laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

We discuss the concept of typicality of quantum states at quantum-critical points, using projector Monte Carlo simu- lations of an S ---- 1/2 bilayer Heisenberg antiferromagnet as an illustration. With the projection （imaginary） time t scaled as t= alz, l being the system length and z the dynamic critical exponent （which takes the value z = 1 in the bilayer model studied here）, a critical point can be identified which asymptotically flows to the correct location and universality class with increasing l, independently of the prefactor a and the initial state. Varying the proportionality factor a and the initial state only changes the cross-over behavior into the asymptotic large-l behavior. In some cases, choosing an optimal factor a may also lead to the vanishing of the leading finite-size corrections. The observation of typicality can be used to speed up simulations of quantum criticality, not only within the Monte Carlo approach but also with other numerical methods where imaginary-time evolution is employed, e.g., tensor network states, as it is not necessary to evolve fully to the ground state but only for sufficiently long times to reach the typicality regime.

关键词： typicality quantum criticality bilayer Heisenberg antiferromagnet model imaginary projectingtime, projecting quantum Monte Carlo simulation

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Quantum Spin liquid Phase in the Shastry–Sutherland Model Detected by an Improved level Spectroscopic Method

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Chinese Physics letters 2022年第7期39卷 105-116页

作者： ling Wang Yalei Zhang anders W.Sandvik Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310000China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193China Department of Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Beijing National laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We study the spin-1/2 two-dimensional Shastry–Sutherland spin model by exact diagonalization of clusters with periodic boundary conditions, developing an improved level spectroscopic technique using energy gaps between states with different quantum numbers. The crossing points of some of the relative(composite) gaps have much weaker finite-size drifts than the normally used gaps defined only with respect to the ground state, thus allowing precise determination of quantum critical points even with small clusters. Our results support the picture of a spin liquid phase intervening between the well-known plaquette-singlet and antiferromagnetic ground states, with phase boundaries in almost perfect agreement with a recent density matrix renormalization group study, where much larger cylindrical lattices were used [J. Yang et al., Phys. Rev. B 105, l060409(2022)]. The method of using composite low-energy gaps to reduce scaling corrections has potentially broad applications in numerical studies of quantum critical phenomena.

关键词： red SSM Sutherland Model Detected by an Improved level Spectroscopic Method Quantum Spin liquid Phase in the Shastry Model

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Performance of Dexcom G5 and FreeStyle libre sensors tested simultaneously in people with type 1 or 2 diabetes and advanced chronic kidney disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第22期10卷 7794-7807页

作者： Arndís FinnaÓlafsdóttir Mervi Andelin Aso Saeed Sheyda Sofizadeh Hussein Hamoodi Per-anders Jansson Marcus lind Department of Medicine NU-Hospital GroupUddevallaSweden Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Institute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGöteborgSweden Department of Nephrology Gothenburg UniversitySahlgrenska AcademyInstitute Internal MedicineGöteborgSweden Statistiska Konsultgruppen GöteborgSweden Wallenberg laboratory Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGöteborgSweden

BACKGROUND Advanced chronic kidney disease(CKD) is a common complication for people with type 1 and 2 diabetes and can often lead to glucose instability. Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM) helps users monitor and stabilize their glucose levels. To date, CGM and intermittent scanning CGM are only approved for people with diabetes but not for those with advanced *** To compare the performance of Dexcom G5 and FreeStyle libre sensors in adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes and advanced *** This was a non-randomized clinical trial that took place in two outpatient clinics in western Sweden. All patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes and an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) of l/min per 1.73 m^(2) were invited to participate. Forty patients(full analysis set = 33) carried the Dexcom G5 sensor for 7 d and FreeStyle libre sensor for 14 d simultaneously. For referencing capillary blood glucose(SMBG) was measured with a high accuracy glucose meter(HemoCue®) during the study period. At the end of the study, all patients were asked to answer a questionnaire on their experience using the *** The mean age was 64.1(range 41-77) years, hemoglobin A1 c was 7.0% [standard deviation(SD) 3.2], and diabetes duration was 28.5(SD 14.7) years. A total of 27.5% of the study population was on hemodialysis and 22.5% on peritoneal dialysis. The mean absolute relative difference for Dexcom G5 vs SMBG was significantly lower than that for FreeStyle libre vs SMBG [15.2%(SD 12.2) vs 20.9%(SD 8.6)], with a mean difference of 5.72 [95% confidence interval(CI): 2.11-9.32;P = 0.0036]. The mean absolute difference was also significantly lower for Dexcom G5 than for FreeStyle libre, 1.21 mmol/l(SD 0.78) and 1.76 mmol/l(SD 0.78), with a mean diffrenec of 0.55(95%CI: 0.27-0.83;P = 0.0004).The mean difference(MD) was-0.107 mmol/l and-1.10 mmol/l(P = 0.0002), respectively. In all, 66% of FreeStyle libre values were in the no risk zone on the surveillance error grid compared t

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Chronic kidney disease Continuous glucose monitoring Accuracy Mean absolute relative difference

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High resolution scanning gate microscopy measurements on InAs/GaSb nanowire Esaki diode devices

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Nano Research 2014年第6期7卷 877-887页

作者： James l. Webb Olof Perssor Kimberly A. Dick Claes Thelander Rainer Timm anders Mikkelsen Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research Lund University Sweden Center forAnalysis and Synthesis Lund University Sweden Division of Solid State Physics Lund University Sweden

Gated transport measurements are the backbone of electrical characterization of nanoscale electronic devices. Scanning gate microscopy (SGM) is one such gating technique that adds crucial spatial information, accessing the localized properties of semiconductor devices. Nanowires represent a central device concept due to the potential to combine very different materials. However, SGM on semiconductor nanowires has been limited to a resolution in the 50-100 nm range. Here, we present a study by SGM of newly developed III–V semiconductor nanowire InAs/GaSb heterojunction Esaki tunnel diode devices under ultra-high vacuum. Sub-5 nm resolution is demonstrated at room temperature via use of quartz resonator atomic force microscopy sensors, with the capability to resolve InAs nanowire facets, the InAs/GaSb tunnel diode transition and nanoscale defects on the device. We demonstrate that such measurements can rapidly give important insight into the device properties via use of a simplified physical model, without the requirement for extensive calculation of the electrostatics of the system. Interestingly, by precise spatial correlation of the device electrical transport properties and surface structure we show the position and existence of a very abrupt (<10 nm) electrical transition across the InAs/GaSb junction despite the change in material composition occurring only over 30-50 nm. The direct and simultaneous link between nanostructure composition and electrical properties helps set important limits for the precision in structural control needed to achieve desired device performance.

关键词：半导体纳米线半导体器件隧道二极管高分辨率锑化镓砷化铟测量扫描

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The effects of temperature and resource availability on denitrification and relative N_(2)O production in boreal lake sediments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第9期28卷 82-90页

作者： Maria Myrstener anders Jonsson Ann-Kristin Bergstrom Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umea University90187 UmeaSweden

Anthropogenic environmental stressors（like atmospheric deposition,land use change,and climate warming） are predicted to increase inorganic nitrogen and organic carbon loading to northern boreal lakes,with potential consequences for denitrification in ***,our ability to predict effects of these changes is currently limited as northern boreal lakes have been largely neglected in denitrification *** aim of this study was therefore to assess how maximum potential denitrification and N_2O production rates,and the relationship between the two（relative N_2O production）,is controlled by availability of nitrate（NO_3^-）,carbon（C）,phosphorus（P）,and *** were performed using the acetylene inhibition technique on sediments from a small,nutrient poor boreal lake in northern Sweden in *** potential denitrification and N_2O production rates at 4°C were reached already at NO_3^-additions of 106–120 μg NO_3^-–N/l,and remained unchanged with higher NO_3 *** incubation temperatures increased maximum potential denitrification and N_2O production rates,and Q10 was somewhat higher for N_2O production（1.77） than for denitrification（1.69）.The relative N_2O production ranged between 13% and 64%,and was not related to NO_3^-concentration,but the ratio increased when incubations were amended with C and P（from a median of 16% to 27%）.Combined,our results suggests that unproductive northern boreal lakes currently have low potential for denitrification but are susceptible to small changes in NO_3 loading especially if these are accompanied by enhanced C and P availability,likely promoting higher N_2O production relative to N_2.

关键词： Acetylene NO3 Carbon DOC Nitrous oxide ratio Sediment

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