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Two macrophages, osteoclasts and microglia: from development to pleiotropy

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Bone Research 2021年第2期9卷 143-152页

作者： Ji-Won lee In-hee lee Tadahiro Iimura Sek Won Kong Department of Nephrology Transplant Research ProgramBoston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115USA Department of Pharmacology Graduate School of Dental MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8586Japan Computational Health Informatics Program Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115USA Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Tissue-resident macrophages are highly specialized to their tissue-specific microenvironments,activated by various inflammatory signals and modulated by genetic and environmental *** and microglia are distinct tissue-resident cells of the macrophage lineage in bone and brain that are responsible for pathological changes in osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),*** is more frequently observed in individuals with AD compared to the prevalence in general *** of AD is often delayed until underlying pathophysiological changes progress and cause irreversible damages in structure and function of *** such earlier diagnosis and intervention of individuals at higher risk would be indispensable to modify clinical *** is the phenomenon that a genetic variant affects multiple traits and the genetic correlation between two traits could suggest a shared molecular *** this review,we discuss that the Pyk2-mediated actin polymerization pathway in osteoclasts and microglia in bone and brain,respectively,is the horizontal pleiotropic mediator of shared risk factors for osteoporosis and AD.

关键词： diagnosis osteoporosis osteoclast

Cutaneous ciliated cyst on the anterior neck in young women: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第19期8卷 4481-4487页

作者： Yon hee Kim Jihyoun lee Department of Pathology Soonchunhyang University Seoul HospitalSeoul 04401South Korea Department of Surgery Soonchunhyang University Seoul HospitalSeoul 04401South Korea

BACKGROUND A cutaneous ciliated cyst(CCC)is a rare,benign tumor in young female adults,which is usually found on the lower *** SUMMARY We found an uncommon location of CCC in the anterolateral cervical area and reviewed the literature.A 20-year-old female complained of a well-defined,painless,palpable mass that started several years *** mass was tense and movable and located at the anterolateral aspect of the *** showed a non-enhancing round *** excision biopsy was performed,and the cystic mass was revealed to be a *** The rare location of CCC can be found in anterior neck area,which should be another diagnostic option for mass on anterior neck.

关键词： Head and neck neoplasms Female Young adult Subcutaneous mass Mixed tumor Mullerian Case report

Stochastic rules for predator and prey hunting and escape behavior in a lattice-based model

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第6期9卷 181-190页

作者： Wonju Jeon Sang-hee lee Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea Division of Integrated Mathematics National Institute for Mathematical Sciences Daejeon 34047 Republic of Korea

Understanding of ecosystem resilience and stability requires comprehending predator- prey dynamics because ecosystems consist of dynamically interacting subsystems that include predator-prey relationships. This relationship is closely related to the hunting- escaping strategies employed by the predator and prey. Therefore, understanding the effects of hunting and escaping strategies on ecosystems will lead to a better under- standing of these systems. As an approach for describing the predator-prey interaction, lattice-based models have been adopted because this approach has strong advantages for simulating various dynamical processes of individual-individual interaction. In the models, each lattice cell is either considered as an attractive/repulsive cell, or an indi- vidual cell, or else it is empty. The attractive （or repulsive cell） can be interpreted as the prey （or predator） of the individual. These states allow us to incorporate the ecological processes of local antagonistic interactions, namely the spread of disturbances （by the predator） and regrowth or recovery （by the prey）. These processes are directly related to the strategic behavior of individuals, such as hunting and escaping. In this study, we suggest a simple and effective mapping formula as a stochastic rule to describe the hunt- ing and escaping behavior. This formula could be widely used not only in the behavior but also in competitive and cooperative relationships.

关键词： Hunting and escaping behavior strategic behavior predator-prey interaction individual-based model.

Miniaturized Twin-legged Robot with an Electromagnetic Oscillatory Actuator

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第1期15卷 106-113页

作者： Buhyun Shin Youngshik Kim Jamie Paik kyung-min lee Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanbat National University 125 Dongseodaero Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34158 Republic of Korea The Institute of Mechanical Engineering EPFL BM 4118 Station 17 1015-Lausanne Switzerland School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam University 280 Daehak-Ro Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541 Republic of Korea

There have been many studies on the moving mechanism of micro robots, such as stick-slip, inchworm like motion, and impact drive. Novel actuators like lead zirconate titanate （PZT）, Shape Memory Alloy （SMA）, magnetostrictive materials, electromagnetic actuators, electoractive polymers, ultrasonic linear motors, and dielectric elastomers are utilized to realize the moving mechanism. The use of a conventional electromagnetic actuator is unfavorable, because of a few drawbacks, such as generation of stray magnetic fields, hard to miniaturize to the millimeter scale because of 3D integration and a scaling law, and power consumption to maintain a certain position. This research presents a micro robot that uses an electromagnetic actuator customized and developed for micro robot. The electromagnetic actuator is designed from a Brushless Direct Current （BLDC） motor to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above. The developed robot is composed of two electromagnetic actuators. The overall size of the robot is 20 mm × 11 mm× 9 mm （length × height × width） and the weight is 3 g. The developed robot is able to move bidirectionally with a maximum moving speed of 15.76 mm·s︿-1 （0.79 body-length per second）. The optimal conditions of an input signal are calculated theoretically and verified with experiments.

关键词： electromagnetic actuator oscillatory actuator bionic micro robot stick-slip brushless DC motor

Association between metabolic syndrome and agerelated cataract

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第4期8卷 804-811页

作者： Sangshin Park Eun-hee lee Center for International Health Research Rhode Island Hospital The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Department of Visual Optics and Graduate School of Health Science Far East University

·AIM: To determine the effect of metabolic syndrome on age-related cataract formation.·METHODS: We analyzed data for 2852 subjects [41.8%men and 58.2% women; mean(±SD) age, 52.9 ±13.9y],taken from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by criteria proposed by the Joint Interim Societies. Cataract was diagnosed by using the Lens Opacities Classification System III. The association between metabolic syndrome and cataract was determined using age-adjusted and multivariable logistic regression analyses.· RESULTS: In multivariable analyses, men with metabolic syndrome had a 64% increased risk of nuclear cataract [odds ratio(OR), 1.64; 95% confidence interval(CI), 1.12-2.39]. Women with metabolic syndrome had a56% increased risk of cortical cataract(OR, 1.56; 95% CI,1.06-2.30). Men and women with metabolic syndrome had a 46%(OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.01-2.12) and 49%(OR,1.49; 95% CI, 1.07-2.08) increased risk of any cataract,respectively. The prevalence of nuclear and any cataract significantly increased with an increasing number of disturbed metabolic components in men, and prevalence of all types of cataracts increased in women. Men using hypoglycemic medication had an increased risk of nuclear(OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.41-4.86) and any(OR, 2.27;95% CI, 1.14-4.51) cataract, and women using antidyslipidemia medication had an increased risk of cortical(OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.12-4.24) and any(OR, 2.21;95% CI, 1.14-4.26) cataract.·CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome and its components,such as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, andimpaired fasting glucose, are associated with age-related cataract formation in the Korean population.

关键词： cataract metabolic syndrome obesity diabetes mellitus hypertension

Arterial stiffness expressed as brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity and gait assessment independent of lower extremity strength:a cross-sectional study in the older men population

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第2期20卷 91-99页

作者： Tae kyung Yoo Seunghee lee Sae-Jong Park Jong-Young lee Department of Medicine MetroWest Medical CenterFraminghamUSA Department of Physical Education Korea UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Division of Sports Science Korea Institute of Sport ScienceSeoulSouth Korea Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineKangbuk Samsung HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea

BACKGROUND Older men are more vulnerable to fatal falls than women,and gait disturbances contribute to the risk of *** have assessed the association between arterial stiffness and gait dysfunction,but the results have been *** study aimed to conduct a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the association between brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and gait assessment in older *** Data from the 2014–2015 Korea Institute of Sport Science Fitness Standards project were used for the *** inclusion criteria were men aged>65 years with gait assessment[the 30-s chair stand test(30s-CST),the timed up and go(TUG)test,the figure-of-8 walk(F8W)test,the 2-min step test(2MST),and the 6-min walk test(6MWT)]and baPWV measurement *** linear regression analysis was conducted with multiple confounding factor adjustments,including lower extremity isometric *** A total of 291 participants were included in the *** mean age was 71.38±4.40 *** mean values were as follows:(1)30s-CST,17.48±5.00;(2)TUG test,6.01±1.10 s;(3)F8W test,25.65±4.71 s;(4)2MST,102.40±18.83 per 2 min;and(5)6MWT,500.02±85.65 *** multivariable adjustment,baPWV was associated with the 6MWT(β=−0.037,95%CI:−0.072–−0.002),TUG test(β=0,95%CI:0.000–0.001),and F8W test(β=0.002,95%CI:0.000–0.004).baPWV was not associated with the 30s-CST and *** The current study showed a statistically significant association between gait assessments and arterial stiffness,independent of lower extremity ***,this association was *** prospective studies are needed to elucidate the complex relationship between arterial stiffness and gait dysfunction.

关键词： stiffness sectional pulse

Tribology of multilayer coatings for wear reduction: A review

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Friction 2017年第3期5卷 248-262页

作者： Mahdi KHADEM Oleksiy V.PENKOV hee-kyung YANG Dae-Eun KIM Department of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of KoreaCenter for Nano-Wear Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea Center for Nano-Wear Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea

Friction and wear phenomena encountered in mechanical systems with moving components are directly related to efficiency,reliability and life of the ***,minimizing and controlling these phenomena to achieve the desired system performance is *** the numerous strategies developed for reducing friction and wear,coatings have been successfully utilized in various engineering applications to mitigate tribological *** of the benefits of coatings is that they may be fabricated using a variety of materials in several different forms and structures to satisfy the requirements of the operating *** many types,coatings that are comprised of a combination of materials in the form of a multilayer have been gaining much interest due to the added degree of freedom in tailoring the coating *** this paper,the properties and development status of multilayer coating systems for tribological applications were reviewed with the aim to gain a better understanding regarding their advantages and ***,focus was given to Ti-based and Cr-based coatings since Ti and Cr were identified as important elements in multilayer coating *** was given to materials,design concepts,mechanical properties,deposition method,and friction and wear characteristics of these types of coatings.

关键词： multilayer coating friction wear tribology

Role of dietary gamma-aminobutyric acid in broiler chickens raised under high stocking density

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第3期6卷 293-304页

作者： Su-Been Jeong Yoo Bhin Kim Jeong-Woo lee Da-Hye Kim Byung-Hern Moon Hong-hee Chang Yang-Ho Choi kyung-Woo lee Department of Animal Science and Technology Konkuk UniversitySeoul05029Republic of korea CellTech Co. Ltd.Chungbuk27622Republic of Korea Department of Animal Science Gyeongsang National Universityjinju52828Republic of Korea

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in broiler chickens raised in high stocking density(HSD)on performance and physiological responses.A total of 900 male broiler chicks(Ross 308)at 1 d old were assigned in a 2×2 factorial arrangement to 4 treatments(10 replicates per treatment)with stocking density,7.5 birds/m^2(low stocking density;LSD)or 15 birds/m^2(HSD),and dietary GABA,0 or 100 mg/*** raised in HSD exhibited a decrease in body weight gain in all phases(P<0.05)and feed intake in starter and whole phases(P<0.01),and an increase in feed conversion ratio in the finisher phase(P<0.01)compared with LSD-raised ***,dietary GABA did not affect growth performance nor interacted with stocking density on production *** HSD *** increased relative liver weight on d 35 whereas dietary GABA increased relative liver weight and decreased relative bursa weight on d *** stocking density and dietary GABA affected yield and quality of breast and leg *** GABA increased(P<0.05)width of tibia on d 35 and interacted(P=0.054)with stocking density on breaking stocking density on d *** HSD *** group lowered(P<0.05)feather coverage *** interaction between stocking density and GABA on surface temperature of shank on d 21 was noted(P=0.024).Dietary GABA exhibited an opposite effect on the concentrations of cecal short-chain fatty acids depending on stocking density leading to a moderate to significant *** density decreased alpha-1-acid glycoprotein whereas dietary GABA decreased heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and corticosterone in blood or serum *** biochemical parameters were altered by stocking density or dietary *** is concluded that dietary GABA alleviated stress indices including corticosterone and heterophilto-lymphocyte ratio,but failed to reverse stocking density-induced growth depression.

关键词： Gamma-aminobutyric acid Stocking density Growth performance Stress indicator Broiler chicken

Microstructure analyses and phase-field simulation of partially divorced eutectic solidification in hypoeutectic Mg-Al Alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第6期10卷 1672-1679页

作者： Joo-hee Kang Jiwon Park kyung Song Chang-Seok Oh Oleg Shchyglo Ingo Steinbach Korea Institute of Materials Science Changwon 51508Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation Ruhr-University Bochum44801 BochumGermany

In this study the partially divorced eutectic microstructure ofα-Mg andβ-Mg17Al12was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,and phase-field modeling in hypoeutectic Mg-Al *** orientation relationships between the individual eutecticαgrains,eutecticβphase,and primaryαgrains were *** the amount of eutectic morphology is primarily determined by the Al content,the in-depth microstructure analyses and the phase-field simulation suggest non-interactive nucleation and growth of eutecticαphase in theβphase grown on the interdendritic primaryα***,phase-field simulations showed a preferred nucleation sequence where theβphase nucleates first and subsequently triggers the nucleation of eutecticαphase at the movingβphase solidification front,which supports the microstructural analysis results.

关键词： Mg-Al alloy Partially divorced eutectic Solidification Electron backscatter diffraction Phase-Field modeling