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Discharge Characteristics of Large-Area High-Power RF Ion Source for Positive and Negative Neutral Beam Injectors

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Plasma Science and Technology 2016年第12期18卷 1220-1224页

作者： Doo-Hee CHANG Seung Ho JEONG Min PARK Tae-seong kim Bong-Ki JUNG Kwang Won LEE Sang Ryul IN Division of Nuclear Fusion Engineering & Technology Development Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

A large-area high-power radio-frequency（RF） driven ion source was developed for positive and negative neutral beam injectors at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute（KAERI）. The RF ion source consists of a driver region, including a helical antenna and a discharge chamber, and an expansion region. RF power can be transferred at up to 10 kW with a fixed frequency of 2 MHz through an optimized RF matching system. An actively water-cooled Faraday shield is located inside the driver region of the ion source for the stable and steady-state operations of high-power RF discharge. Plasma ignition of the ion source is initiated by the injection of argongas without a starter-filament heating, and the argon-gas is then slowly exchanged by the injection of hydrogen-gas to produce pure hydrogen plasmas. The uniformities of the plasma parameter,such as a plasma density and an electron temperature, are measured at the lowest area of the driver region using two RF-compensated electrostatic probes along the direction of the shortand long-dimensions of the driver region. The plasma parameters will be compared with those obtained at the lowest area of the expansion bucket to analyze the plasma expansion properties from the driver region to the expansion region.

关键词： neutral beam injector RF ion source plasma ignition power loading plasma parameters

Gastric cancer occurring in a patient with Plummer-Vinson syndrome: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第44期11卷 7048-7050页

作者： Ki-Han kim Min-Chan kim Ghap-Joong Jung Department of Surgery

Plummer-Vinson syndrome (sideropenic dysphagia) is characterized by dysphagia due to an upper esophageal or hypopharyngeal web in patients with chronic iron deficiency anemia. The main cause of dysphagia is the presence of the web in the cervical esophagus,and abnormal motility of the pharynx or esophagus is also found to play a significant role in this *** syndrome is thought to be precancerous because squamous cell carcinoma of hypopharynx, oral cavity or esophagus takes place in 10% of those patients suffering from this malady, but it is even more unusual that Plummer-Vinson syndrome should be accompanied by gastric cancer. We have reported here a case of a43-year-old woman with Plummer-Vinson syndrome who developed stomach cancer and recovered after a radical total gastrectomy with D2 nodal dissection.

关键词：胃癌综合症并发症治疗

A systematic literature review of blockchain cyber security

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Digital Communications and Networks 2020年第2期6卷 147-156页

作者： Paul J.Taylor Tooska Dargahi Ali Dehghantanha Reza M.Parizi kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computing Science&EngineeringUniversity of SalfordManchesterUK Cyber Science Lab School of Computer ScienceUniversity of GuelphOntarioCanada Department of Software Engineering and Game Development Kennesaw State UniversityMariettaGA30060USA Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA

Since the publication of Satoshi Nakamoto's white paper on Bitcoin in 2008,blockchain has(slowly)become one of the most frequently discussed methods for securing data storage and transfer through decentralized,trustless,peer-to-peer *** research identifies peer-reviewed literature that seeks to utilize blockchain for cyber security purposes and presents a systematic analysis of the most frequently adopted blockchain security *** findings show that the Internet of Things(IoT)lends itself well to novel blockchain applications,as do networks and machine visualization,public-key cryptography,web applications,certification schemes and the secure storage of Personally Identifiable Information(PII).This timely systematic review also sheds light on future directions of research,education and practices in the blockchain and cyber security space,such as security of blockchain in IoT,security of blockchain for AI data,and sidechain security.

关键词： Blockchain Smart contracts Cyber security Distributed ledger technology IoT Cryptocurrency Bitcoin

Pretreated Glehnia littoralis Extract Prevents Neuronal Death Following Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia through Increases of Superoxide Dismutase 1 and Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Expressions in the Gerbil Hippocampal Cornu Ammonis 1 Area

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第15期130卷 1796-1803页

作者： Joon Ha Park Tae-Kveono Lee Bing-Chun Yan Bich-Na Shin Ji Hyeon Ahn In Hye kim Jeong Hwi Cho Jae-Chul Lee In Koo Hwang Jong Dai kim seongkweon Hong Young Joo Lee Moo-Ho Woll Il Jun Kang Department of Biomedical Science Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hallym University Chuncheon 24252 Korea Department of Neurobiology School of Medicine Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases Yangzhou Jiangsu 225001 China Department of Physiology College of Medicine Hallym University Chuncheon 24252 Korea Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Division of Food Biotechnology School of Biotechnology Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea Department of Surgery School of Medicine Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea Department of Emergency Medicine Seoul Hospital College of Medicine Sooncheonhyang University Seoul 04401 Korea Department of Food Science and Nutrition Hallym University Chuncheon 24252 Korea

Background：Glehnia littoralis,as a traditional herbal medicine to heal various health ailments in East Asia,displays various therapeutic properties including antioxidant ***,neuroprotective effects of *** against cerebral ischemic insults have not yet been ***,in this study,we first examined its neuroprotective effects in the hippocampus using a gerbil model of transient global cerebral ischemia （TGCI）.Methods：Gerbils were subjected to TGCI for 5 *** extract （GLE;100 and 200 mg/kg） was administrated orally once daily for 7 days before ischemic *** was examined by neuronal nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry and Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence *** was observed by immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule *** neuroprotective mechanisms,immunohistochemistry for superoxide dismutase （SOD） 1 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） was ***：Pretreatment with 200 mg/kg of GLE protected pyramidal neurons in the cornu ammonis 1 （CA1） area from ischemic insult area （F=29.770,P 〈 0.05） and significantly inhibited activationsof astrocytes （F =22.959,P 〈 0.05） and microglia （F =44.135,P 〈 0.05） in the ischemic CA1 *** addition,pretreatment with GLE significantly increased expressions of SOD1 （F =28.561,P 〈 0.05） and BDNF （F =55.298,P 〈 0.05） in CA1 pyramidal neurons of the sham-and ischemia-operated ***：Our findings indicate that pretreatment with GLE can protect neurons from ischemic insults,and we suggest that its neuroprotective mechanism may be closely associated with increases of SOD 1 and BDNF expressions as well as attenuation ofglial activation.

关键词： Antioxidant Gtial Activation Neurotrophic Factor Neuroprotection Pyramidal Neurons

New therapeutic strategies targeting D1-type dopamine receptors for neuropsychiatric disease

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Frontiers in Biology 2015年第3期10卷 230-238页

作者： Young-Cho kim Stephanie L. Alberico Eric Emmons Nandakumar S. Narayanan Department of Neurology University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA Aging Mind and Brain Initiative Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA

The neurotransmitter dopamine acts via two major classes of receptors, Dl-type and D2-type. D1 receptors are highly expressed in the striatum and can also be found in the cerebral cortex. Here we review the role of D1 dopamine signaling in two major domains： L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson＇s disease and cognition in neuropsychiatric disorders. While there are many drugs targeting D2-type receptors, there are no drugs that specifically target D1 receptors. It has been difficult to use selective Dl-receptor agonists for clinical applications due to issues with bioavailability, binding affinity, pharmacological kinetics, and side effects. We propose potential therapies that selectively modulate D1 dopamine signaling by targeting second messengers downstream of D1 receptors, aUosteric modulators, or by making targeted modifications to Dl-receptor machinery. The development of therapies specific to Dl-receptor signaling could be a new frontier in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders.

关键词： D1DR dopamine D1 receptor dyskinesia cognition

紧急制动工况下电磁式磁轨制动器极靴磨损计算方法

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交通运输工程学报 2017年第1期17卷 82-92页

作者：陈士安杨鑫姚明王胜 kim Young-bae 浙江水利水电学院机械与汽车工程学院浙江杭州310018 江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院江苏镇江212013 全南国立大学机械工程系光州61186

为了预测极靴服务寿命,确保制动可靠,通过磨损过程、制动过程、制动器/钢轨温度场的建模与仿真,计算了高速列车紧急制动过程中电磁式磁轨制动器极靴磨损量;建立了考虑速度与温度的Archard磨损模型和CRH2列车紧急制动过程的动力学模型,... 详细信息

为了预测极靴服务寿命,确保制动可靠,通过磨损过程、制动过程、制动器/钢轨温度场的建模与仿真,计算了高速列车紧急制动过程中电磁式磁轨制动器极靴磨损量;建立了考虑速度与温度的Archard磨损模型和CRH2列车紧急制动过程的动力学模型,计算了电磁式磁轨制动器样机全程参与制动时的空气制动力、电磁制动力、制动减速度、紧急制动能量分配系数、瞬时速度和制动距离等时变参数;分析了紧急制动时电磁式磁轨制动器-钢轨-大气间的热量传递,基于Fluent软件建立了制动器/钢轨的三维温度场模型,根据制动过程时变参数获取温度场热流密度和散热加载条件;针对CRH2列车行驶速度为250km·h-1的紧急制动工况,计算了制动器极靴的磨损量。计算结果表明:在制动过程中,钢轨顶部温度随着与制动器的接触状态变化呈波动变化,在距离有效制动起点1 620m处,钢轨与8号电磁式磁轨制动器接触结束时,温度达到最大值570.76℃;CRH2列车同侧8个制动器极靴底部在制动时间为24.5s时温度达到最大值,从前到后依次为1 022.6℃、1 037.7℃、1 045.3℃、1 052.8℃、1 085.7℃、1 100.9℃、1 109.2℃、1 124.4℃,极靴磨损量从前到后依次为207.4、208.7、210.0、210.7、212.1、213.4、214.4、215.5g。可见,制动器工作会使钢轨产生热量积累,导致列车运行方向后面的电磁式磁轨制动器极靴温度较高,磨损量较大。

关键词：车辆工程电磁式磁轨制动器时变参数极靴磨损紧急制动磨损模型温度场仿真

Learning curve of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy with systemic lymphadenectomy for early gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第47期11卷 7508-7511页

作者： Min-Chan kim Ghap-Joong Jung Hyung-Ho kim Ghap-Joong Jung Department of SurgeryDong-A University College of MedicineBusanKorea Department of Surgery Seoul National University Bundang HospitalGyeonggi-doKorea

AIM: To evaluate the nature of the 'learning curve' for laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) with systemic lymphadenectomy for early gastric cancer. METHODS: The data of 90 consecutive patients with early gastric cancer who underwent LADG with systemic lymphadenectomy between April 2003 and November 2004 were reviewed. The 90 patients were divided into 9 sequential groups of 10 cases in each group and the average operative time of these 9 groups were determined. Other learning indicators, such as transfusion requirements, conversion rates to open surgery, postoperative complication, time to first flatus, and postoperative hospital stay, were evaluated. RESULTS: After the first 10 LADGs, the operative time reached its first plateau (230-240 min/operation) and then reached a second plateau (＜200 min/operation) for the final 30 cases. Although a significant improvement in the operative time was noted after the first 50 cases, there were no significant differences in transfusion requirements, conversion rates to open surgery, postoperative complications, time to first flatus, or postoperative hospital stay between the groups. CONCLUSION: Based on operative time analysis, this study show that experience of 50 cases of LADG with systemic lymphadenectomy for early gastric cancer is required to achieve optimum proficiency.

关键词：腹腔镜胃切除术淋巴结切除术胃癌

Nuclear fusion from Coulomb explosions of deuterated methane clusters subjected to ultraintense femtosecond laser pulses

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第2期18卷 537-541页

作者：卢海洋王成陈光龙 kim Cheol-Jung 刘建胜倪国权李儒新徐至展 State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

This paper reports that Coulomb explosions taken place in the experiment of heteronuclear deuterated methane clusters （（CD4）n） in a gas jet subjected to intense femtoseeond laser pulses （170 mJ, 70 fs） have led to table-top laser driven DD nuclear fusion. The clusters produced in supersonic expansion had an average size of about 5 nm in radius and the laser intensity used was 3 × 10^17 W/cm^*** measured maximum and average energies of deuterons produced in the laser-cluster interaction were 60 and 13.5 keV, respectively. Prom DD collisions of energetic deuterons, a yield of 2.5（±0.4） × 10^4 fusion neutrons of 2.45 MeV per shot was realized, giving rise to a neutron production efficiency of about 1.5 × 10^5 per joule of incident laser pulse energy. Theoretical calculations were performed and a fairly good agreement of the calculated neutron yield with that obtained from the present experiment was found.

关键词： molecular clusters Coulomb explosion DD nuclear fusion intense femtosecond lasers

Comparison of linac-based fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy and tomotherapy treatment plans for intra-cranial tumors

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第11期34卷 1768-1774页

作者： Jang Bo Shim Suk Lee Sam Ju Cho Sang Hoon Lee Juree kim Kwang Hwan Cho Chul Kee Min Hyun Do Huh Rena Lee Dae Sik Yang Young Je Park Won Seob Yoon Chul Yong kim Soo Il Kwon Department of Radiation Oncology College of MedicineKorea University Department of Medical Physics Kyonggi University Department of Radiation Oncology College of MedicineEulji University Department of Radiation Oncology Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare CenterKwandong University College of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Soonchunhyang University Boocheon Hospital Department of Radiation Oncology Konyang University Hospital Department of Radiation Oncology Inha University Hospital Department of Radiation Oncology School of MedicineEwha Womans University

This study compares and analyzes stereotactic radiotherapy using tomotherapy and linac-based fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of intra-cranial tumors,according to some *** this study,linac-based fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy and tomotherapy treatment were administered to five patients diagnosed with intra-cranial cancer in which the dose of 18–20 Gy was applied on 3–5 separate *** tumor dosing was decided by evaluating the inhomogeneous index （II） and conformity index （CI）.Also,the radiation-sensitive tissue was evaluated using low dose factors V1,V2,V3,V4,V5,and V10,as well as the non-irradiation ratio volume （NIV）.The values of the II for each prescription dose in the linacbased non-coplanar radiotherapy plan and tomotherapy treatment plan were （0.125±0.113） and （0.090±0.180）,respectively,and the values of the CI were （0.899±0.149） and （0.917±0.114）,*** low dose areas,V1,V2,V3,V4,V5,and V10,in radiation-sensitive tissues in the linac-based non-coplanar radiotherapy plan fell into the ranges 0.3%–95.6%,0.1%–87.6%,0.1%–78.8%,38.8%–69.9%,26.6%–65.2%,and 4.2%–39.7%,respectively,and the tomotherapy treatment plan had ranges of 13.6%–100%,3.5%–100%,0.4%–94.9%,0.2%– 82.2%,0.1%–78.5%,and 0.3%–46.3%,*** the NIV for each organ,it is possible to obtain similar values except for the irradiation area of the brain *** percentages of NIV10%,NIV20%,and NIV30%for the brain stem in each patient were 15%–99.8%,33.4%–100%,and 39.8%–100%,respectively,in the fractionated stereotactic treatment plan and 44.2%–96.5%,77.7%–99.8%,and 87.8%–100%,respectively,in the tomotherapy treatment *** order to achieve higher-quality treatment of intra-cranial tumors,treatment plans should be tailored according to the isodose target volume,inhomogeneous index,conformity index,position of the tumor upon fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery,and radiation dosage for radiation-sensitive tissues.

关键词： fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy tomotherapy treatment plan virtual organ delineation