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Fabrication of High-Density Out-of-Plane Microneedle Arrays with Various Heights and Diverse Cross-Sectional Shapes

Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第2期14卷 60-78页

作者： Hyeonhee Roh Young Jun Yoon Jin Soo Park Dong-Hyun Kang Seung Min Kwak Byung chul lee Maesoon Im Brain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792South Korea Division of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841South Korea Micro/Nano Fabrication Center KISTSeoul 02792South Korea Division of Bio‑Medical Science&Technology KIST SchoolUniversity of Science&Technology(UST)Seoul 02792South Korea

Out-of-plane microneedle structures are widely used in various applications such as transcutaneous drug delivery and neural signal recording for brain machine *** work presents a novel but simple method to fabricate high-density silicon(Si)microneedle arrays with various heights and diverse cross-sectional shapes depending on photomask pattern *** proposed fabrication method is composed of a single photolithography and two subsequent deep reactive ion etching(DRIE)***,a photoresist layer was patterned on a Si substrate to define areas to be etched,which will eventually determine the final location and shape of each individual ***,the 1st DRIE step created deep trenches with a highly anisotropic etching of the Si ***,the photoresist was removed for more isotropic etching;the 2nd DRIE isolated and sharpened microneedles from the predefined trench *** on diverse photomask designs,the 2nd DRIE formed arrays of microneedles that have various height distributions,as well as diverse cross-sectional shapes across the *** these simple steps,high-aspect ratio microneedles were created in the high density of up to 625 microneedles mm^(-2)on a Si *** tests showed a small force as low as~172μN/microneedle is required for microneedle arrays to penetrate the dura mater of a mouse *** demonstrate a feasibility of drug delivery application,we also implemented silk microneedle arrays using molding *** fabrication method of the present study is expected to be broadly applicable to create microneedle structures for drug delivery,neuroprosthetic devices,and so on.

关键词： Microneedle Various heights Cross-sectional shapes Isotropic etch Deep reactive ion etching

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Wire-Shaped 3D-Hybrid Supercapacitors as Substitutes for Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第2期12卷 211-223页

作者： Kyeong‑Nam Kang Ananthakumar Ramadoss Jin‑Wook Min Jong‑chul Yoon Deokjung lee Seok Ju Kang Ji‑Hyun Jang School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Low Dimensional Carbon Materials CenterUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and TechnologyBhubaneswar 751024India School of Mechanical Aerospace and Nuclear EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919Republic of Korea

We report a wire-shaped three-dimensional(3D)-hybrid supercapacitor with high volumetric capacitance and high energy density due to an interconnected 3D-configuration of the electrode allowing for large number of electrochemical active sites,easy access of electrolyte ions,and facile charge transport for flexible wearable *** interconnected and compact electrode delivers a high volumetric capacitance(gravimetric capacitance)of 73 F cm−3(2446 F g−1),excellent rate capability,and cycle *** 3D-nickel cobalt-layered double hydroxide onto 3D-nickel wire(NiCo LDH/3D-Ni)//the 3D-manganese oxide onto 3D-nickel wire(Mn3O4/3D-Ni)hybrid supercapacitor exhibits energy density of 153.3 Wh kg−1 and power density of 8810 W kg−*** red lightemitting diode powered by the as-prepared hybrid supercapacitor can operate for 80 min after being charged for tens of seconds and exhibit excellent electrochemical stability under various deformation *** results verify that such wire-shaped 3D-hybrid supercapacitors are promising alternatives for batteries with long charge–discharge times,for smart wearable and implantable devices.

关键词： Three-dimensional(3D)metal current collector Flexible hybrid supercapacitor Wire-shaped supercapacitor High energy density device Fast charging energy storage system

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Settling and dewatering characteristics of granulated methane-oxidizing bacteria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第2期25卷 280-286页

作者： Kwang Ho Ahn Kwang Soo Kim Sung Won Kang chul Yong Um Won Tae lee Kwang Baik Ko Korea Institute of Construction Technology 283Goyangdae-RoIlsanseo-GuGoyang-SiGyeonggi-Do 411-712Korea School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Yonsei UniversitySinchondong 134SudaemunguSeoul 120-749Korea School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyDaehak-ro 61GumiGyeongbuk 730-701Korea

We evaluated the settling ability and dewaterability of granulated methane-oxidizing bacteria （GMOB） after granulation using a continuous-flow reactor. A comparative analysis on settling and dewatering characteristics due to changes in sludge retention time （SRT, 10, 15 and 20 days） during cultivation of GMOB was conducted. In assessing dewaterability, the specific resistance to filtration （SRF） of activated sludge and GMOB was found to be 8.21×1013-2.38×1014 and 4.88 × 1012-1.98×1013 m/kg, respectively. It was confirmed that as SRT decreased, SRF of GMOB increased. In the case of bound extracellular polymeric substance （EPS）, activated sludge registered 147.5 mg/g-VSS while GMOB exhibited 171-177.2 mg/g-VSS. In the case of extracellular polymeric substance soluble EPS in effluent, activated sludge measured 62 mg/L and GMOB had 17.4-21.4 mg/L. The particle size analysis showed that mean particle diameters of GMOB were 402, 369, and 350 μm, respectively, at SRTs of 20, 15 and 10 days. In addition, it was found that GMOB had a larger mean particle diameter and exhibited much better settleability and dewaterability than activated sludge did.

关键词： methane-oxidizing bacteria dewaterability specific resistance to filtration extracellular polymeric substances

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Reciprocating friction characteristics of magneto-rheological fluid for aluminum under magnetic field

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第1期24卷 171-176页

作者：张鹏 Kwang-Heelee chul-Heelee Department of Mechanical Engineering Inha University

Reciprocating friction characteristics of magneto-rheological （MR） fluid for aluminum under a magnetic field at different loads and oscillation frequencies were studied when MR fluids were worked in reciprocating motions such as in dampers for automobiles, and surface polishing and other finishing. Thus, experiments were carried out to evaluate the reciprocating friction characteristic of MR fluid for aluminum. The obtained data from the tests are sorted in groups depending on various loads and oscillation frequencies, to analyze the relationship between test condition and travel cycle. Surfaces of specimens were compared by measuring the surface roughness and observing the surface images. The performance of reciprocating friction characteristics of MR fluid for aluminum is evaluated through analyzing the experiment results.

关键词： magneto-rheological fluid reciprocating friction aluminum magnetic field smart material

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Interleukin-2 gene-encoded stromal cells inhibit the growth of metastatic cholangiocarcinomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第12期12卷 1889-1894页

作者： Myung-HwanKim Sang Soo lee Sung Koo lee Seung-Gyu lee chul-Won Suh Gyung-Yub Gong Jung-Sun Park Young-Hoon Kim Sang-Hee Kim Department of Gastroenterology University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea Department of Surgery University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea Department of Oncology University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoul Korea Department of Pathology University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea Asan Institute for Life Sciences.Seoul Korea

AIM： To demonstrate bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs） can be used as an attractive target for genetic modification in the treatment of malignant diseases. METHODS： Using a hamster model of biliary cancer, we investigated the therapeutic effects of interleukin-2 （IL-2） gene-modified BHSCs. Syrian golden hamsters were injected via the femoral vein with 5×10^5 cells of the KIGB-5 biliary cancer cell line （n=20）. One week later, the hamsters were injected intraperitoneally with BMSCs containing Ad/hIL-2 and Ad/△E1, unmodified BHSCs, or RPHI only （control） and observed for 12 wk （n=5/each group）. RESULTS： All hamsters treated with BMSCs containing Ad/hIL-2 survived with no evidence of the disease during this period. In contrast, hamsters in the other three groups showed disseminated metastases involving the lungs as eady as 4 wk.CONCLUSION： Ad/IL-2 therapy is effective in the treatment of biliary cancer.

关键词： Bone marrow stromal cell Adenovirus/hIL-2 Biliary cancer

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STUDY ON DRILLING CHARACTERISTICS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CFRP COMPOSITES

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2008年第4期21卷 364-368页

作者： Seung-chul lee Seong-Taek Jeong Jong-Nam Park Sun-Jin Kim Gyu-Jae Cho Department of Mechanical Engineering Chosun UniversityGraduate SchoolGwangjuKorea Small Business Corporation GwangjuKorea Department of Computer Mechanic Chosun College of Science & TechnologyGwangjuKorea Department of Fire Safety Management Seokang CollegyGwangjuKorea Department of Mechanical Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangjuKorea

Stacking plates of CFRP composite materials are increasingly used because of their unique characteristics. However, unlike other materials used in metallurgy they have a disadvantage of uneven quality and anisotropy when combined with other composites. Hence, specimens of CFRP stacking plates are manufactured by changing orientation angles throughout three quasiisotropic plies （0°/45°/90°/-45°）68, （03°/453°/903°/-453°）2s, and （06°/456°/906°/-456°）s and throughout three cross plies （0°/90°/0°/90°）68, （03 °/903 °/03°/903°）2s, and （06 °/906 °/06°/906°）8 In this study 3-point bending tests and transverse bending tests have been carried out in order to find out mechanical characteristics according to orientation angles by stacking in 6 different types along with the change of stacking composition method of a CFRP composite.

关键词： composite materials stacking plates

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Effects of bisphenol compounds on the growth and epithelial mesenchymal transition of MCF-7 CV human breast cancer cells

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2017年第4期31卷 358-369页

作者： Ji-Youn Kim Ho-Gyu Choi Hae-Miru lee Geum-A lee Kyung-A Hwang Kyung-chul Choi Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine ChungbukNational University Cheongju Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea

Bisphenol-A（BPA） has been considered as an endocrine disrupting chemical（EDC） because it can exert estrogenic *** bisphenol-S（BPS） and bisphenol-F（BPF） that are BPA analogs and substitutes,their risk to estrogendependent cancer has been reported rarely compared with the numerous cases of *** this study,we examined whether BPA,BPS,and BPF can lead to the proliferation,migration,and epithelial mesenchymal transition（EMT） of MCF-7 clonal variant（MCF-7 CV） breast cancer cells expressing estrogen receptors（ERs）.In a cell viability assay,BPA,BPS,and BPF significantly increased proliferation of MCF-7 CV cells compared to control（DMSO） as did17β-estradiol（E2）.In Western blotting assay,BPA,BPS,and BPF enhanced the protein expression of cell cycle progression genes such as cyclin D1 and *** addition,MCF-7 CV cells lost cell to cell contacts and acquired fibroblast-like morphology by the treatment of BPA,BPS,or BPF for 24 *** cell migration assay,BPA,BPS,and BPF accelerated the migration capability of MCF-7 CV cells as did *** relation with the EMT process,BPA,BPS,and BPF increased the protein expression of N-cadherin,while they decreased the protein expression of *** BPA,BPS,and BPF were co-treated with ICI 182,780,an ER antagonist,proliferation effects were reversed,the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 was downregulated,and the altered cell migration and expression of N-cadherin and E-cadherin by BPA,BPS,and BPF were restored to the control ***,these results imply that BPS and BPF also have the risk of breast cancer progression as much as BPA in the induction of proliferation and migration of MCF-7 CV cells by regulating the protein expression of cell cycle-related genes and EMT markers via the ER-dependent pathway.

关键词： human breast cancer cells endocrine disrupting chemicals bisphenol-A bisphenol-S bisphenol-F epithelial-mesenchymal transition migration

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Cavity noise sensitivity analysis of tire contour design factors and application of contour optimization methodology

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Journal of Central South University 2012年第8期19卷 2386-2393页

作者： KIM Seong-rae SUNG Ki-deug lee Dong-woo HUH Sun-chul NEXEN Tire Corporation 30 Yusan-DongYangsan-SiKyungnam 626-230Korea Division of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering Changwon Moonsung University91Doodae-dongChangwon-si Kyungnam 641-771Korea Department of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Institute of Marine IndustryGyeongsang National University Cheondaeguk-Gil 38TongyeongGyeongnam 650-160Korea

Cavity resonance noise of passenger car tires is generated by interacting excitation between a tire structure and the fill gas (air), and generally lies in a frequency range of 200?250 Hz. As such, this noise is strongly perceived and may be a serious source of driver annoyance. Thus, many studies regarding the cavity noise mechanism and its reduction have already been conducted. In this work, a vibro-acoustic coupled analysis was conducted between a tire structure and air cavity. Using this analysis, we can more accurately simulate the tire noise performance in the region of the cavity resonance frequency. An analysis of the effects of variation of tire contour design factors was conducted, using design-of-experiments methods. Finally, a multi-objective optimization was performed using in-house codes to reduce the cavity noise level while minimizing the loss of other performances, such as diminished ride comfort and handling caused by the variations of contour. As a result of this optimization, an optimized contour shape was derived, which satisfied the multi-objective performances.

关键词： tire cavity noise vibro-acoustic coupled analysis finite element method boundary element method (BEM) sensitivity optimization

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Simple technique for the rescue and refixation of a partially disenclavated retropupillary iris claw intraocular lens

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第11期13卷 1833-1835页

作者： Hyun Goo Kang Jae Yong Han Sung chul lee Min Kim Department of Ophthalmology Institute of Vision ResearchGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei University College of Medicine211 EonjuroGangnam-guSeoul 06273Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Institute of Vision ResearchSeverance Eye HospitalYonsei University College of Medicine50-1 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea

Dear Editor,We would like to introduce a simple technique for the efficient rescue and refixation of a subluxated retropupillary iris claw intraocular lens(RPICIOL;Artisan■Aphakia model 205,Ophtec BV,Groningen,the Netherlands).The RPICIOL is a suture-less,posterior iris-fixated,polyinethyl methacrylate intraocular lens(IOL)that has gained widespread recognition and expanding use because of its efficiency in management of aphakia,combined with long-term intraocular safety and excellent sustained visual outcomes11 Postoperative dislocation/disenclavation of the RPICIOL may occur spontaneously or following trauma,with a rate reportedly between 0 to 10%[4-6].

关键词： law gained sustained

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Review of simulation model for education of point-of-care ultrasound using easy-to-make tools

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第19期8卷 4286-4302页

作者： Kyu chul Shi Young Rock Ha Seong-Joon lee Jung Hwan Ahn Department of Emergency Medicine Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon 16499Gyeonggi-doSouth Korea Department of Emergency Medicine Bundang Jesaeng HospitalSeongnam-si 13590South Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon 16499Gyeonggi-doSouth Korea

Point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)is a powerful diagnostic tool and provides treatment guidelines in acute critical ***,the limitation of using POCUS is operator *** and validated training for acquiring and using skills in practice must be conducted before using POCUS in clinical settings in order to keep patients *** education models have been introduced as a way to solve and overcome these ***,the commercial simulator with sufficiently secured fidelity is expensive and not always *** review focused on the inexpensive and easily made simulators for education on POCUS in critical specific situations related to the airway,breathing,circulation,and *** introduced the simulators that used non-infectious materials,with easily transportable features,and that had a sonographic appearance reproducibility similar to human *** also introduced the recipe of each simulator in two parts:Materials surrounding disease simulators(surrounding materials)and specific disease simulators themselves(target simulators).This review article covered the following:endotracheal or oesophageal intubation,lung(A-lines,B-lines,lung sliding,and pleural effusions such as hemothorax),central vein access,pericardial fluid(cardiac tamponade),the structure related to the eyes,soft tissue abscess,nerve(regional nerve block),and skull fracture simulators.

关键词： Critical care Education Emergency medicine Simulation training Point-of care Ultrasonography

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