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Comparison of Influenza Outbreaks in the Republic of kazakhstan and Russia Induced by 2009 Yearly New Variant of А(H1N1) Influenza Virus

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Virologica Sinica 2011年第5期26卷 306-314页

作者： karpova L S Popovtseva N M Stolyarova T P Stolyarov k A Mamadaliyev S M khairullin B M Sandybayev N T kydyrbayev zh k Orynbayev M B Ospanov k S Baiserkin B S Boibosinov E U FSBI Research Institute of Influenza (RII) Ministry of Health and Social Development of RussiaSaint-PetersburgPopova street15/17197376Russian Federation RGE Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP) Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of kazakhstan GvardeiskiyKordaiskiy rayonZhambulskaya oblast 080409Republic of Kazakhstan Scientific-Practical Center of Sanitary and Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring Epidemiology Committee of state sanitary and epidemic supervision of the Ministry of Health Care of the Republic of kazakhstan (MHC Rk) AlmatyAuezov street 84050008Republic of Kazakhstan

The aim of the work is the comparison of the epidemiology of influenza and acute respiratory virus infections (ARVI) in the Republic of kazakhstan with the corresponding influenza epidemic in Russia induced by influenza pandemic virus A/California/07/2009 in *** on influenza and ARVI from the Republic of kazakhstan and Federal Center of influenza was collected and investigated over the course of several weeks from hospitalized patients with the same diagnosis among all population and in age groups on 16 territories of kazakhstan and in 49 major cities of *** epidemic in kazakhstan resembled the Russian epidemic in terms of its abnormally early beginning,expression of monoaetiology,the spread of the epidemic into all territories and start of the epidemics among adult *** percentage of hospitalized people and lethal outcome were registered in this *** of epidemic process character in corresponding border-line territories of both countries was found out.

关键词：哈萨克斯坦共和国流感病毒俄罗斯疫情新变种 A型流行病学病毒感染

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“如果”句功能的类型学考察

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汉语学习 2024年第2期 22-32页

作者：吴炳章姜彩璨许冰中国海洋大学外国语学院山东青岛266100

“如果”句的语义结构和用法复杂多样,但学界对该结构的功能类型分析过于笼统。文章通过语料库梳理书面语中“如果”句的结构特点和语篇关系,对其进行了功能分类。从功能视角看,“如果”句在知识域、语言域和人际域中分别发挥前提限定... 详细信息

“如果”句的语义结构和用法复杂多样,但学界对该结构的功能类型分析过于笼统。文章通过语料库梳理书面语中“如果”句的结构特点和语篇关系,对其进行了功能分类。从功能视角看,“如果”句在知识域、语言域和人际域中分别发挥前提限定、语篇建构和会话修辞等功能。根据从句和主句的意义关系,“如果”句可以分为蕴含条件句和非蕴含条件句。各类“如果”句的功能各有句法语义特征。从各类“如果”句的用法分布看,“如果”句的主要功能是表达推理关系,其次是语篇关系,再次是话语修辞。

关键词： “如果”句假设条件句间接条件句

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早期康复护理对吉兰-巴雷综合征患者肌力及日常生活活动能力的影响

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罕少疾病杂志 2024年第8期31卷 148-149,158页

作者：位亚娟王静张新勋郑州大学第一附属医院神经重症监护病房河南郑州450052

目的探究早期康复护理在吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月~2023年12月本院收治的GBS患者72例,根据护理方案进行分组,对照组40例患者进行常规护理,观察组32例患者进行早期康复护理。比较两组的四肢肌力、日常生... 详细信息

目的探究早期康复护理在吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月~2023年12月本院收治的GBS患者72例,根据护理方案进行分组,对照组40例患者进行常规护理,观察组32例患者进行早期康复护理。比较两组的四肢肌力、日常生活活动能力、自我效能感以及生活质量。结果干预前两组患者各项指标之间均无显著性差异(P>0.05);干预后,观察组上、下肢近端及远端肌力、改良Barthel指数(MBI)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、简明健康状况问卷(SF-36)评分较对照组均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论在GBS患者中,应用早期康复护理可明显改善其四肢肌力,显著提升患者的日常生活活动能力,有效提高患者的自我效能感及生活质量,值得临床推广。

关键词：早期康复护理 GBS 肌力日常生活活动能力

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重庆市农业科技创新能力评价研究

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生产力研究 2024年第6期 43-48,F0003页

作者：曾琼万立志尹朝静马强重庆生产力促进中心(重庆市科学技术信息中心) 重庆401147 西南大学经济管理学院重庆400715 重庆市农业科学院重庆401329

根据农业科技创新内涵以及农业科技创新发展目标要求,从农业科技创新环境、投入、产出和贡献四个方面构建重庆市农业科技创新能力评价指标体系,并对2022年重庆市37个行政区县(不含渝中区)的农业科技创新能力进行评价和分析。研究发现重... 详细信息

根据农业科技创新内涵以及农业科技创新发展目标要求,从农业科技创新环境、投入、产出和贡献四个方面构建重庆市农业科技创新能力评价指标体系,并对2022年重庆市37个行政区县(不含渝中区)的农业科技创新能力进行评价和分析。研究发现重庆市农业科技创新的主要特征和短板,并从强化科研创新供给、提高农业科技成果量、发展数字农业农村、提高农业科技智慧度等5个方面提出提升重庆市农业科技创新能力的建议。

关键词：数实融合理论机理路径选择重庆市

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Activation of anthracite combustion by copper acetate:mechanism,effect of particle size and introduction method

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第1期10卷 142-159页

作者： k.B.Larionov I.V.Mishakov N.I.Berezikov A.S.Gorshkov A.zh.kaltaev k.V.Slyusarskiy A.S.Ruban A.A.Vedyagin Energy Engineering School National Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityLenin Ave.30Tomsk 634050Russia Gorbachev kuzbass State Technical University Kemerovo 650000Russia Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090Russia

This paper addressed the efect of copper acetate on the combustion characteristics of anthracite depending on the fractional composition of fuel and additive introduction *** was impregnated with 5 wt%of Cu(CH_(3)COO)_(2)by mechanical mixing and incipient wetness *** anthracite samples of diferent fraction with d<0.1 mm,d=0.1-0.5 mm,d=0.5-1.0 mm,and d=1.0-2.0 mm were *** to EDX mapping,incipient wetness impregnation provides a higher dispersion of the additive and its uniform distribution in the *** ignition and combustion characteristics of the modifed anthracite samples were studied by thermal analysis and high-speed video recording of the processes in a combustion chamber(at heating medium temperature of 800℃).It was found that copper acetate increases anthracite reactivity,which was evidenced by decreased onset temperature of combustion(ΔT_(i))by 35-190℃and reduced ignition delay time(Δτ_(i))by 2.1-5.4 *** acetate reduces fuel underburning(on average by 70%)in the ash residue of anthracite and decreases the amount of CO and NO_(x)in gas-phase products(on average by 18.5%and 20.8%,respectively).The mechanism for activation of anthracite combustion by copper acetate is proposed.

关键词： Anthracite Copper acetate Fractional composition Activation Ignition Combustion Micro-explosions Fuel underburning Gas-phase products Activation mechanism

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EFFECT　OF　RARE　EARTH　ELEMENT　Er　ON　STRENGTHENING　OF　INTERFACE　OF　Ti（C，N）　BASED　CERMETS

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1996年第3期6卷 136-139页

作者： Liu, N Cui, k Hu, zh ANHUI INST TECHNOL DEPT MAT SCI & ENGNHEFEI 230069PEOPLES R CHINA HUAzhONG UNIV SCI & TECHNOL WUHAN 430074PEOPLES R CHINA

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＲＡＲＥＥＡＲＴＨＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＥｒＯＮＳＴＲＥＮＧＴＨＥＮＩＮＧＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＦＡＣＥＯＦＴｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）ＢＡＳＥＤＣＥＲＭＥＴＳ￥ＬｉｕＮｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎ... 详细信息

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＲＡＲＥＥＡＲＴＨＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＥｒＯＮＳＴＲＥＮＧＴＨＥＮＩＮＧＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＦＡＣＥＯＦＴｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）ＢＡＳＥＤＣＥＲＭＥＴＳ￥ＬｉｕＮｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，...

关键词： rare earth element Er Ti(C N) based cermets bending strength hardness

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MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURES OF Ti(C,N) BASED CERMETS

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1996年第4期6卷 117-121页

作者： Liu, N Hu, zh Cui, k Liu, CL ANHUI INST TECHNOL DEPT MAT SCI & ENGNHEFEI 230069PEOPLES R CHINA HUAzhONG UNIV SCI & TECHNOL WUHAN 430074PEOPLES R CHINA BEIJING GEN RES INST IRON & STEEL BEIJING 100081PEOPLES R CHINA

ＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＣＡＬＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＡＮＤＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＯＦＴｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）ＢＡＳＥＤＣＥＲＭＥＴＳ￥ＬｉｕＮｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉ... 详细信息

ＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＣＡＬＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＡＮＤＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＯＦＴｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）ＢＡＳＥＤＣＥＲＭＥＴＳ￥ＬｉｕＮｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＡｎｈｕｉＩｎｓｔｉｌｕｔｅ...

关键词： Ti(C,N) based cermets mechanical properties microstructure

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Master equation,design equations and runaway speed of the kaplan turbine

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第2期33卷 282-300页

作者： zh.zhang zhAW Zurch University of Applied ScienceZurichSwitzerland

To make the kaplan turbine technology comparable to both the Pelton and the Francis turbine,the master equation for the kaplan turbine has been established by analyses similar to that-for the Francis *** analysis begins with the descriptions of free vortex flows at the runner inlet and the swirl flow at the impeller *** considering the Euler equation for specific work and by further evaluating the most significant shock and swirling losses,the first and the second energy equations in the form of hydraulic efficiency were *** master equation is then established by combining both energy *** addition,three design equations and a new design parameter are *** master equation relates the turbine hydromechanics to the geometrical design of both the runner and the guide-vane *** enables the complete hydraulic characteristics of a given kaplan turbine to be analytically and simply computed.A computation example demonstrates the functionality and applicability of the *** the reconstructed master equation,the runaway speed of the kaplan turbine and its dependence on the guide-vane setting can be easily and precisely *** bulb turbines with guide vanes directly ahead of the turbine runner in the same tube,all computations are also applicable using another equivalent control parameter.

关键词： kaplan turbine master equation design equations design parameter runaway speed hydraulic efficiency shock loss swirling loss bulb turbines

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Master equation and runaway speed of the Francis turbine

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第2期30卷 203-217页

作者： zh.zhang Free Researcher Zurich Switzerland

The master equation of the Francis turbine is derived based on the combination of the angular momentum（Euler） and the energy laws. It relates the geometrical design of the impeller and the regulation settings（guide vane angle and rotational speed） to the discharge and the power output. The master equation, thus, enables the complete characteristics of a given Francis turbine to be easily computed. While applying the energy law, both the shock loss at the impeller inlet and the swirling loss at the impeller exit are taken into account. These are main losses which occur at both the partial load and the overloads and, thus, dominantly influence the characteristics of the Francis turbine. They also totally govern the discharge of the water through the impeller when the impeller is found in the standstill. The computations have been performed for the discharge, the hydraulic torque and the hydraulic efficiency. They were also compared with the available measurements on a model turbine. Excellent agreement has been achieved. The computations also enable the runaway speed of the Francis turbine and the related discharge to be determined as a function of the setting angle of the guide vanes.

关键词： Francis turbine master equation runaway speed hydraulic efficiency shock loss swirling loss streamline similarity method

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第1期30卷 140-152页

作者： zh.zhang Free Researcher Zurich Switzerland

An analytical method is presented, which enables the non-uniform velocity and pressure distributions at the impeller inlet of a pump to be accurately computed. The analyses are based on the potential flow theory and the geometrical similarity of the streamline distribution along the leading edge of the impeller blades. The method is thus called streamline similarity method（SSM）. The obtained geometrical form of the flow distribution is then simply described by the geometrical variable G（s） and the first structural constant G_Ⅰ. As clearly demonstrated and also validated by experiments, both the flow velocity and the pressure distributions at the impeller inlet are usually highly non-uniform. This knowledge is indispensible for impeller blade designs to fulfill the shockless inlet flow condition. By introducing the second structural constant G_Ⅱ, the paper also presents the simple and accurate computation of the shock loss, which occurs at the impeller inlet. The introduction of two structural constants contributes immensely to the enhancement of the computational accuracies. As further indicated, all computations presented in this paper can also be well applied to the non-uniform exit flow out of an impeller of the Francis turbine for accurately computing the related mean values.

关键词： Pumps streamline similarity method flow distribution shock loss structural constant

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